Square Enix a officialisé l'arrivée d'une nouvelle version pour PC de Final Fantasy VII, son RPG culte. La firme est très évasive sur les nouveautés, et la page Steam n'en dit guère plus.

Découvrez le Geekom A7 MAX : une nouveauté de cette année 2026. Ce mini PC est équipé d'un AMD Ryzen 9 7940HS, de 16 Go de RAM DDR5 et d'un SSD NVMe (1 To).

Le post Test Geekom A7 Max : un mini PC avec un AMD Ryzen 9, 16 Go de RAM DDR5 et 2 interfaces LAN a été publié sur IT-Connect.

Non mais attendez... y'a un mec qui vient de concevoir une carte mère 486 from scratch , en grand 2026 comme disent les jeunes ! Pas une repro. Pas un clone. Non non, une vraie carte mère complète avec son propre chipset custom qui fait tourner DOOM et Linux.

Un PCB 4 couches fait maison, rien que ça !!

Piotr Grzesik, alias maniek86, est un étudiant en électronique polonais qui s'est lancé dans un projet complètement dingue. Tout est parti d'une sombre arnaque sur une carte POST ISA chinoise... et suite à ça, il s'est dit "bon, je vais apprendre le VHDL et l'ISA bus moi-même". En fait, au début je pensais que c'était juste un projet de bricolage de plus, mais non. De fil en aiguille, il a fini par créer la M8SBC-486 , une carte mère qui accueille de vrais processeurs Intel 486 vintage.

La carte mère M8SBC-486 dans toute sa splendeur rétro

Et le bonhomme n'a pas juste fait un PCB, mais a carrément développé son propre chipset baptisé "Hamster" qui tourne sur un FPGA Xilinx Spartan II. Il aurait pu utiliser un FPGA récent mais il a préféré le Spartan II parce que les outils Xilinx modernes supportent plus ces vieilles puces. Donc il bosse avec des logiciels de 15 ans d'âge... logique.

Et dedans, y'a tout ce qu'il faut pour émuler un PC des années 90 : un timer 8254, un contrôleur d'interruptions 8259, un contrôleur clavier PS/2, et même une horloge temps réel.

Côté specs c'est du bon vieux socket PGA-168 compatible avec tous les processeurs 486 5V, que ce soit du Intel ou des compatibles. Le bus tourne à 24 MHz, ce qui donne du 48 MHz avec un DX2 (et théoriquement 72 MHz avec un DX4). Y'a 4 Mo de SRAM, 256 Ko de ROM pour le BIOS, et deux slots ISA 16 bits pour les nostalgiques des cartes d'extension. Attention par contre, si vous comptez utiliser un 486 3.3V genre les derniers AMD, ça passera pas... faut du 5V uniquement.

Perso, ce qui m'impressionne le plus c'est la liste des trucs qui tournent dessus. MS-DOS 6.22 évidemment, FreeDOS, mais aussi Linux 2.2.26 ! Sans oublier DOOM, Wolfenstein 3D, et la démo Second Reality qui en a fait baver plus d'un à l'époque. Même Windows 3.1 démarre. Bon, la souris fonctionne pas, mais quand même...

J'aurais bien voulu tester moi-même sur un vieux 486 DX2/66 qui traîne quelque part dans un carton au garage, mais retrouver ce truc c'est un projet en soi. Finalement, si vous êtes fan d' émulation rétro , c'est pil poil le genre de projet qui fait rêver les vieux grands enfants que nous sommes !

Le plus beau dans tout ça, c'est que Piotr a publié l'intégralité du projet en open source sur GitHub : les schémas, le PCB, le code VHDL du chipset, les sources du BIOS... Tout est dispo. Du coup si vous avez envie de vous lancer dans le rétrocomputing hardcore, vous savez où chercher.

Bon après, y'a quelques limitations. C'est là que ça peut coincer car y'a pas de DMA, donc oubliez les cartes son type Sound Blaster. Pas de second PIC non plus, et le Plug and Play ISA n'est pas encore implémenté dans le BIOS. Sauf si vous êtes prêt à contribuer au code, évidemment.

Mais franchement, pour un premier essai de cette envergure, c'est du très très solide.

Bref, si vous voulez voir la bête en action, la vidéo montre la démo Second Reality qui tourne avec quelques petits glitches visuels et pas de son, mais c'est normal vu les limitations.

Alors que Samsung alerte publiquement sur une pénurie de mémoire vive qui ferait grimper le prix des ses smartphones, PC et TV, le géant sud‑coréen enregistre des bénéfices records grâce à la flambée des puces RAM. Derrière le discours inquiet, il y a un acteur qui contrôle une partie de la pénurie… et qui encaisse le jackpot.

Alors là, on touche au sublime les amis ! Parce que si vous pensiez avoir tout vu en matière de boot insolite, genre clé USB, PXE, disquette 5 pouces 1/4... Pffff, vous n'êtes qu'une bande de petits joueurs.

Jozef Bogin, ce bidouilleur de génie , que dis-je, ce GOAT, a réussi à faire booter un IBM PC (le modèle 5150, une légende !!) directement depuis... un disque vinyle. Oui, un bon vieux 45 tours.

Regardez-moi ça comme c'est beau :

Ever Wanted a Modern Mac Mini, but Windows? And for AI? The MS-S1 Max Review

The Minisforum MS-S1 Max is one of those mini workstations that looks straightforward on paper, but starts to feel unusual once you look at how it is put together and who it seems to be aimed at. It is built around AMD’s Ryzen AI Max+ 395, pairing a 16C/32T CPU with Radeon 8060S integrated graphics and an NPU that contributes to a quoted platform total of up to 126 TOPS. The big differentiator is the memory design: 128GB of LPDDR5x-8000 UMA, shared between the CPU and GPU, which changes the usual limits you hit on iGPU systems where VRAM is the first bottleneck. Minisforum also leans into “serious deployment” features here, including dual 10GbE, WiFi 7, USB4 v2, a slide-out chassis for maintenance, and even references to clustering and 2U rack mounting. The result is a machine that can make sense for creators, power users, and AI-focused workloads, but it also comes with a price level that forces the obvious question: what are you actually getting for that money beyond raw specs.

Minisforum MS-S1 Max Review – Quick Conclusion

The Minisforum MS-S1 Max is best understood as a compact Strix Halo workstation rather than a conventional mini PC, because its value is tied to the Ryzen AI Max+ 395 APU, the Radeon 8060S iGPU, and especially the 128GB LPDDR5x-8000 UMA memory pool that helps avoid the usual iGPU VRAM ceiling in creation, GPU-accelerated work, and local AI experimentation. It pairs that core platform with unusually strong external connectivity for its size, including dual 10GbE RJ45, WiFi 7, and a mix of USB4 and USB4 v2 ports that make high-bandwidth docks and storage setups practical, while the internal 320W PSU and heavy cooling stack are clearly built for sustained loads rather than short bursts. In testing, the system’s behavior has a few quirks that matter in daily use, particularly the way the chassis can feel hot to the touch in idle until the fan profile becomes more reactive under load, and the fact that noise ramps into the low 50 dBA range once the cooling really gets going, even if idle acoustics are more modest. Expandability is also a mixed bag: the slide-out design is convenient, but the storage layout includes a PCIe 4.0 x4 M.2 slot alongside a second M.2 limited to PCIe 4.0 x1, and the PCIe x16 slot is PCIe 4.0 x4 electrically, so it rewards buyers who already know what they plan to add. The price is the real gatekeeper here, because it only makes sense if you will actually use the UMA memory capacity, the iGPU performance, and the high-speed networking and USB bandwidth, but for that narrower audience, it offers a rare combination of compact form factor, strong APU compute, and connectivity that is difficult to match without moving to a much larger desktop or adding a discrete GPU.

BUILD QUALITY - 10/10

HARDWARE - 10/10

PERFORMANCE - 9/10

PRICE - 6/10

VALUE - 7/10

8.4

PROS

Ryzen AI Max+ 395 (16C/32T) delivers workstation-class CPU performance in a compact chassis
Radeon 8060S (40 CUs) iGPU is capable enough for 1080p gaming and GPU-accelerated workloads without a dGPU
128GB LPDDR5x-8000 UMA reduces typical iGPU VRAM limitations for creation and local AI tasks
Strong idle efficiency with power draw observed around 13 to 16W in light desktop use
Dual 10GbE RJ45 enables high-throughput workflows without needing add-in NICs
WiFi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 provide fast wireless connectivity for setups where wired is not practical
4 total USB4-class ports (2x USB4 40Gbps + 2x USB4 v2 80Gbps) support high-speed docks and storage
Slide-out chassis design improves serviceability compared with many compact desktops
Multiple power and fan modes (Performance/Balanced/Quiet/Rack) allow tuning for noise vs sustained load

CONS

High price puts it outside typical mini PC value expectations
Storage expansion is uneven (1x M.2 PCIe 4.0 x4 + 1x M.2 PCIe 4.0 x1), limiting the second slot for high-performance SSD use
Exterior can feel very hot at idle, with fan response seeming less aggressive until load begins
PCIe x16 slot is PCIe 4.0 x4 electrically, and physical space constraints limit card choices

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Minisforum MS-S1 Max Review – Design & Storage

The MS-S1 Max feels like Minisforum took the general “mini workstation” idea and then built a thicker, more industrial version of it to cope with the Strix Halo platform. The chassis is metal and noticeably more substantial than the smaller MS-series boxes, with ventilation cut across multiple sides rather than relying on a single intake and exhaust path. It can be used vertically or horizontally thanks to feet on more than one face, which makes sense given how much of the marketing leans toward desk use one day and rack or shelf use the next.

Minisforum also keeps the slide-out structure here, and it is clearly intended to make maintenance less annoying than a traditional small desktop. In practice, it is still a compact, dense build, but you are not dismantling the entire enclosure just to access the main service areas. The system also has a couple of physical touches that make it feel more “deployment aware” than most mini PCs, like the mounting points underneath and the general emphasis on stacking, shelving, or grouping more than 1 unit together.

Storage is one of the areas where the MS-S1 Max shows both its strengths and its compromises. You get 2 internal M.2 2280 slots, but they are not equal: 1 is PCIe 4.0 x4 and the other is PCIe 4.0 x1. That means you can have a fast primary NVMe for OS and active work, but the second slot is better treated as capacity storage, warm data, or a secondary pool where peak throughput matters less. Minisforum ships the reviewed configuration with a 2TB Gen 4 SSD, so you can start testing immediately, but once you begin planning expansion, that lane split becomes a real consideration.

Physically, the M.2 placement is functional but not especially convenient. The slots sit low in the chassis near the base and tucked behind a lot of the cooling hardware, which makes upgrades feel more fiddly than they need to be. There is airflow down there, but it is not the kind of open, easy-access layout you get in a larger desktop. It also does not really encourage tall, pre-fitted heatsinks on SSDs, since clearance is limited and the space around the cooling assembly is tight. If you plan to run heavy sustained writes, you will probably end up choosing low-profile drives or slim heatsinks simply because it is the easiest fit.

On the expansion side, the MS-S1 Max includes a full-length PCIe x16 physical slot, but it is PCIe 4.0 x4 electrically, and that matters if you are buying cards based on the x16 shape alone. The form factor also pushes you toward half-height, half-length cards in most practical installs, and even then it can get cramped depending on cabling and where the PSU wiring runs.

In other words, the slot is useful for NICs, storage adapters, capture cards, and some compact accelerators, but it is not a “drop in any x16 card” situation, and the system rewards planning ahead before you buy hardware for it.

Minisforum MS-S1 Max Review – Internal Hardware

At the heart of the MS-S1 Max is AMD’s Ryzen AI Max+ 395, and the main thing to understand is that it is an APU platform built to behave more like a compact workstation than a typical integrated-graphics mini PC. You are getting a 16C/32T Zen 5 CPU with boost up to 5.1GHz, paired with an on-die Radeon 8060S GPU with 40 CUs and up to 2900MHz. In real use, that combination shifts the expectations around what “no discrete GPU” actually means, because the compute and graphics capability are designed to scale together rather than feeling like a strong CPU with an afterthought iGPU.

The most defining hardware choice is memory, because you do not get SODIMM slots here at all. The system uses up to 128GB LPDDR5x-8000 on a 256-bit bus, and it is shared between CPU and GPU via UMA. That has practical implications in workloads that normally hit VRAM limits first, like GPU-accelerated creative work or local AI inference, where the ability to allocate a much larger pool to the GPU can matter more than raw shader count. It also means your “upgrade path” is basically decided at purchase, so the value proposition depends heavily on whether 128GB UMA is something you will genuinely use, rather than just admire on a spec sheet.

On the AI side, the platform is marketed around a combined figure of up to 126 TOPS, with the NPU itself rated up to 50 TOPS. In day-to-day terms, that does not automatically translate into every app running faster, because it depends on whether your software actually targets the NPU, the GPU, or the CPU. What is clear from the positioning, and from how similar Strix Halo systems are being used, is that this design is meant to handle local model work without immediately forcing you into a discrete GPU purchase. That also explains why Minisforum leans into “run large models locally” messaging more than it usually does on its mainstream mini PCs.

Cooling and power delivery are tightly linked to the internal hardware decisions. Minisforum rates the system at 130W in Performance mode, 95W in Balanced, and 60W in Quiet, and the cooling stack is built around a copper base, 6 heat pipes, phase change material, and dual turbine fans, with a max fan speed of 3600 RPM. The PSU is internal and rated up to 320W, which helps explain why the chassis is thicker than many of Minisforum’s earlier workstations. In practice, that internal PSU choice also supports the idea that this box is expected to hold higher sustained loads than a typical mini PC without relying on a large external power brick.

There are also a few platform-level details that shape how “workstation-like” it feels. The system supports Windows 11 Pro and Windows 11 24H2 Pro/Home, and the BIOS is positioned as feature-rich, with fan monitoring and tuning options plus platform toggles that matter to power users. This is relevant because the MS-S1 Max is not just built for one narrow purpose, it is built for people who will switch between modes, tweak profiles, and repurpose it across different roles over time. If you treat it like a sealed appliance, you will still get high performance, but you are leaving a lot of what the platform is trying to offer on the table.

Minisforum MS-S1 Max Review – Ports & Connections

The MS-S1 Max is one of the more connectivity-heavy systems Minisforum has put out, and it is clearly designed around the assumption that it will sit in a workstation or lab environment rather than acting as a living-room mini PC. On the front, you get 2 USB4 ports at 40Gbps, a USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-A at 10Gbps, and a 3.5mm TRRS combo jack, plus 2 built-in DMIC mics that are pitched for voice and AI-assisted capture use. In practice, that front layout feels aimed at day-to-day convenience: fast external storage, a dock or capture device, and simple headset or mic options without needing to reach around the back.

On the rear, Minisforum doubles down on bandwidth. There are 2 USB4 v2 ports at 80Gbps, which is the kind of future-proofing that only really makes sense if you plan to use high-speed docks, external storage, or potentially GPU enclosures over time. The review experience lines up with that idea: the ports work as normal USB4 for most peripherals, but the value is really in the headroom, because 80Gbps devices and adapters are still not common in most studios. Alongside those, you get 2 USB 3.2 Gen2 ports at 10Gbps and 2 USB 2.0 ports, which is a more practical mix than it sounds, because it means you are not “wasting” high-speed ports on low-speed peripherals like keyboards, UPS management cables, or dongles.

Networking is a major selling point here, but it is also a slightly divisive one depending on your setup. The MS-S1 Max provides 2 10GbE RJ45 ports, both using Realtek RTL8127 controllers, and it also includes WiFi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4. In use, the wired ports are straightforward and do what you would expect in a compact workstation, including saturating 10GbE when paired with storage that can keep up.

WiFi 7 is also immediately usable, and the practical takeaway is that you can get multi-gig wireless performance without much effort if you already have a WiFi 7 router, but it is still not a replacement for wired 10GbE if you are treating this as part of a storage or production workflow.

Video output is handled through 1 HDMI 2.1 FRL port plus DisplayPort Alt Mode over USB4 and USB4 v2, which makes multi-display setups easy without any additional hardware. Minisforum rates these outputs up to 8K@60Hz and 4K@120Hz, and in the real world that means you can run high-refresh 4K displays or multiple monitors with less compromise than most iGPU-based mini PCs. The only real caveat is that the system leans heavily on USB4 for flexible display and peripheral expansion, so the people who get the most out of the port selection are the ones already planning to use docks, external storage, or high-bandwidth accessories, rather than just plugging in a keyboard and a single monitor.

Minisforum MS-S1 Max Review – Performance & Tests

In day-to-day use, the MS-S1 Max feels less like a typical mini PC and more like a compact workstation that happens to have an iGPU. General desktop operation is consistently responsive, and the platform’s bandwidth-heavy design shows up most clearly when you start stacking tasks that normally push integrated graphics systems into obvious slowdown. One thing that stood out early is how “hot to the touch” the exterior can feel when the system is sitting idle, with thermal imaging showing roughly 55 to 60°C around sections of the chassis and vents in that state. At the same time, internal sensor readings were not presenting anything alarming, which suggests the metal body is doing what it is meant to do as part of heat dissipation, but the idle fan curve behavior did not feel especially reactive until a workload actually kicked in.

Once the system is put under load, the cooling behavior becomes easier to understand and, in practice, more reassuring. During active workloads, the external readings dropped notably in many areas, with measurements around 31 to 34°C being observed on parts of the casing once sustained tasks were running, and internal hot spots that had looked extreme during idle did not remain in that range once the fan profile ramped. Noise levels followed the same pattern: at idle the system sat around 39 to 41 dBA, but under heavier load it ramped to roughly 51 to 53 dBA. It is not silent, but it is also not unexpectedly loud for a high-power APU system with multiple fans and a chassis that is clearly built to move air.

Power draw is one of the more interesting parts of the MS-S1 Max story because it is unusually low when the system is doing very little, then rises quickly once the GPU side is engaged. Idle consumption landed around 13 to 16 W, which is striking given the CPU, GPU, memory bandwidth, and overall positioning of the device. More moderate CPU-oriented workloads pushed consumption into roughly the 45 to 58 W range, with brief spikes into the 70 to 80 W area depending on thread behavior in the test. Once the Radeon 8060S was hit hard in GPU-heavy testing, total system power moved into triple digits, with figures around 141 to 158 W being recorded, which lines up with the idea that this chassis is designed to translate a lot of electrical budget into sustained APU performance rather than short bursts.

Benchmarking results were strong, but the platform’s newness made comparison data less useful than usual in several tools. PCMark produced a score of 8,353, and a run through 3DMark showed a wide spread depending on the test: Solar Bay scored 5,200, Speedway landed at 1,900 with frame rates around 18 to 19 FPS, and Steel Nomad Light cleared 11,000 with an average of 82.3 FPS. Night Raid, which is a better fit for integrated graphics platforms, came in at 70,000 overall, with a graphics score of 130,522 and a CPU score of 19,312. The practical takeaway from these results is that the MS-S1 Max can behave like a “real” gaming-capable APU system in the right workloads, but it also sits in a strange middle ground where some benchmark suites still struggle to place it cleanly against older mini PCs or discrete-GPU desktops.

Minisforum MS-S1 Max Review – Verdict & Conclusion

The MS-S1 Max is easier to understand once you stop thinking of it as a “mini PC with good specs” and instead treat it as a purpose-built Strix Halo workstation in a compact chassis. The big wins are the APU design and the 128GB UMA memory pool, because that combination changes what is practical on integrated graphics, especially for workloads that normally fall over due to VRAM limits. In use, it shows up as a system that can handle serious creative and compute tasks without immediately forcing you into a discrete GPU upgrade path, while still giving you enough connectivity to fit into faster workflows through dual 10GbE, WiFi 7, and USB4 v2. It is not flawless though: the system can feel surprisingly hot to the touch in idle despite internal sensors looking fine, and the fan behavior seems more tuned for “react under load” than “stay cool at rest,” which is a real-world usability detail you notice when it is sitting on a desk near you.

Where things get more complicated is the value discussion. At pricing around the mid/high $2,000 range depending on configuration, this is not competing with mainstream mini PCs at all, and it is not trying to. The audience is much narrower: people who want a high-bandwidth APU platform, who will actually use the memory capacity and fast external connectivity, and who are comfortable paying for that kind of compact engineering. If your workload is mostly general office, light creation, or basic homelab tasks, it is difficult to justify over more conventional systems, including Minisforum’s own smaller workstations. But if you are specifically chasing a compact workstation that can credibly do gaming, content work, and local AI experimentation without a discrete GPU, the MS-S1 Max is one of the few systems that makes that argument feel realistic, even if it comes with the usual early-platform quirks and a price tag that will still put off most buyers.

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WE LOVE COFFEE

Après la flambée des prix de la mémoire et des GPU, une nouvelle hausse menace les composants PC essentiels. Alimentations et refroidisseurs CPU pourraient augmenter de 10 % dans les prochaines semaines

Cet article Alimentation et Ventirad, les prix pourraient bientôt grimper a été publié en premier par GinjFo.

Fan de Super Mario 64 ? Mais toujours seul dans la vie et personne avec qui partager ce plaisir ? Trouvez-vous dès maintenant un ami ! Un ami fidèle qui pourra partager avec vous de longues parties remplies d'amour sur SM64CoopDX !

Ça va, elle vous a plu ma petite pub là ? C'est vendeur, hein ?

Parce que si vous suivez un peu le blog, vous savez que j'adore ce jeu. Je vous avais déjà parlé de Super Mario 64 en multijoueur à l'époque, ou encore du projet Mario Builder 64 . Mais là, on passe au niveau supérieur. Et si vous êtes fans de consoles rétro, jetez un œil à Game Bub , une console open source qui fait revivre les classiques.

Car SM64CoopDX (pour Super Mario 64 Coop Deluxe) n'est pas qu'un simple mod... c'est la continuation communautaire officielle du célèbre projet sm64ex-coop. L'idée, c'est de permettre de jouer jusqu'à 16 joueurs en ligne avec une synchronisation qui ne rigole pas. Contrairement aux bidouilles précédentes, ici les ennemis, les objets et même les événements du monde sont synchronisés entre tout le monde. Bref, vous jouez vraiment ensemble dans le même monde, en temps réel.

Et là où ça devient vraiment solide, c'est que le projet est moddable via une API Lua, un peu comme sur Garry's Mod ou Roblox. Du coup, la communauté s'en donne à cœur joie pour créer des nouveaux personnages, des niveaux délirants ou même des modes de jeu complètement barrés. Y'a de quoi s'amuser pendant des heures si on aime bidouiller !

Petite précision technique pour ceux qui se demandent comment ça tourne... En fait c'est un portage PC natif. Ça veut dire que ça ne tourne pas dans un émulateur. Vous avez droit à de la 4K, du support pour les écrans ultra-larges et des contrôles aux petits oignons. D'ailleurs, si vous avez le choix, privilégiez le rendu OpenGL qui est bien mieux testé et supporté (notamment au niveau des fonctionnalités) que les versions DirectX (D3D11/12). Perso, j'ai une petite préférence pour le rendu qui reste fidèle à l'original tout en étant super propre.

Alors comment l'installer ?

C'est là que le bât blesse pour les moins courageux car il va falloir mettre la main à la pâte. Comme c'est un portage basé sur du reverse-engineering, les développeurs ne peuvent pas vous filer le jeu tout cuit pour des raisons de droits. Il vous faudra donc posséder légalement une ROM de Super Mario 64 (la version US .z64 de préférence). Une fois que vous avez ça, vous lancez l'exécutable, vous glissez votre ROM sur la fenêtre du jeu et hop, le logiciel s'occupe de compiler les assets nécessaires ! C'est sans chichi mais ça marche du tonnerre.

Pour les amateurs de mobilité, sachez qu'il existe même une version Android pour frimer dans le métro. C'est quand même beau le progrès, non ?

Même si, bon, rien ne vaut un bon vieux clavier ou une manette de 64 pour les puristes. Alors ? Prêts à aller botter les fesses de Bowser à 16 joueurs ? Et si vous voulez rigoler avec Mario dans une version complètement déjantée , c'est possible aussi !

Merci à Super Lorenper 64 !

Did Minisforum FINALLY Go Too Far with the MS-02 Ultra?

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is positioned as a compact workstation that deliberately blurs the line between a high-end mini PC and a small server platform. While its physical footprint remains relatively small at 4.8 L, the design choices made across CPU selection, PCIe expansion, storage layout, and networking place it well beyond the scope of conventional desktop minis. During extended hands-on testing, it becomes clear that this system is not designed around a single use case. Instead, it targets users who expect to adapt the hardware over time, whether for professional content creation, software development, virtualization, NAS deployment, or mixed workloads that benefit from high I/O density. This flexibility comes with complexity, and the MS-02 Ultra expects a certain level of user familiarity with BIOS tuning, PCIe lane allocation, and thermal tradeoffs that are rarely encountered in this form factor. A key point that emerged during testing is how sharply the experience changes depending on which CPU configuration is selected. The Ultra 9 285HX variant is not simply faster than the lower-tier models. It fundamentally alters what the system can do by unlocking ECC memory support, enabling dual 25GbE SFP+ networking, and adding a PCIe combo card that expands total M.2 capacity to 4 slots. The Ultra 9 275HX and Ultra 5 235HX versions retain the same chassis and core platform, but they operate closer to a traditional high-end mini PC, with fewer storage options and reduced network throughput. As a result, the MS-02 Ultra range should be viewed less as a single product and more as a tiered platform, where hardware capability and intended role scale directly with price.

From a value perspective, pricing spans a wide range and reflects both component availability and Minisforum’s attempt to offer barebones and fully populated options. The entry barebones Ultra 9 285HX configuration sits at $1,199, while fully populated ECC-based builds can reach $2,999. During testing, it became apparent that much of the system’s long-term value is tied to its scalability rather than its out-of-the-box configuration. Users who intend to keep the system static may find better value in smaller Minisforum models, while those planning to expand storage, networking, or PCIe devices over time are more likely to benefit from the MS-02 Ultra’s architecture. This distinction frames the rest of the review, which focuses less on raw specifications and more on how those design choices behave in real-world use.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Quick Conclusion

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is best understood as a compact but highly modular platform rather than a conventional mini PC, and its design clearly reflects that intent. It delivers strong CPU performance, extensive connectivity, and an uncommon level of internal expansion for a system of this size, but it also expects the user to engage actively with its configuration, cooling behavior, and upgrade planning. The system’s real strength lies in how well it can scale over time through additional storage, PCIe expansion, or higher-speed networking, rather than in any single out-of-the-box performance metric. Its pricing and hardware complexity place it firmly in enthusiast and professional territory, making it ill-suited for users who want a simple or inexpensive desktop replacement, but a compelling option for those seeking a compact system that can grow into demanding roles such as a workstation, NAS, or virtualization host as their needs evolve.

BUILD QUALITY - 10/10

HARDWARE - 9/10

PERFORMANCE - 9/10

PRICE - 6/10

VALUE - 8/10

8.4

PROS

Strong multi-core CPU performance that approaches compact desktop-class systems
Unusually high internal expandability for a 4.8 L chassis
PCIe 5.0 x16 slot available for future expansion
Dual 25GbE SFP+ networking on the 285HX model
Support for ECC DDR5 memory on the 285HX configuration
Four M.2 NVMe slots available on the top-tier model
Internal 350 W PSU with auxiliary power for PCIe devices
USB4 v2 ports capable of very high external storage and docking throughput
Suitable for multiple roles including workstation, NAS, and virtualization host

CONS

High pricing for a area of the market where buyers are getting used to low, low prices, even for ECC-equipped or fully populated configurations
Limited physical space restricts larger GPU and PCIe card choices
Fan control largely confined to BIOS with limited OS-level adjustment (TBC)
Complexity and tuning requirements may deter less experienced users who want to maximize their investment in this system

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Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Design & Storage

The MS-02 Ultra immediately distinguishes itself from earlier Minisforum workstation designs by abandoning the lighter, more modular internal layout used in systems like the MS-01 and MS-S1 Max. Instead, the chassis adopts a far denser internal structure that resembles a compressed micro-tower, with components stacked tightly around a central airflow channel. While the system still uses a slide-out internal frame, the motion is more deliberate and less fluid than previous designs due to the weight and density of the installed hardware. This approach prioritizes structural rigidity and thermal containment over ease of access, signaling that the MS-02 Ultra is designed to be configured carefully rather than frequently opened.

Storage implementation is one of the defining aspects of the MS-02 Ultra, particularly on the Ultra 9 285HX configuration. In this model, storage is split across the motherboard and a dedicated PCIe combo card. Two M.2 NVMe slots are mounted directly on the board and are positioned close to the CPU and memory area, which places them inside an active airflow path but also imposes strict height limitations. SSDs with tall, pre-attached heatsinks are not practical here, and Minisforum instead supplies low-profile heatsinks intended to work within the confined space. During testing, this design proved functional, though it requires more planning than a conventional desktop layout.

The additional two M.2 slots are integrated into the PCIe card that also houses the dual 25GbE controllers. This card is exclusive to the Ultra 9 285HX version and is responsible for expanding total NVMe capacity from 2 drives to 4. Unlike typical expansion cards, this unit combines networking and storage on a single PCB and includes its own active cooling solution. In use, the card introduces noticeable power draw even when the network interfaces are idle, but it also centralizes high-speed I/O in a way that simplifies cabling and internal layout. This design choice is unusual, but it aligns with the system’s goal of maximizing capability within a small enclosure.

There are also important performance considerations tied to how storage bandwidth is allocated. The motherboard-mounted M.2 slots are specified as PCIe 4.0 x4, but during testing, lane sharing and PCIe crossover behavior resulted in scenarios where one slot operated at PCIe 5.0 x4 while others were reduced to PCIe 3.0 x4. This was not immediately obvious from the documentation and required closer inspection of the PCIe lane map and BIOS configuration to fully understand. While overall throughput remained strong across all drives, the behavior highlights that the MS-02 Ultra expects users to pay attention to lane allocation if they intend to fully populate all storage bays.

From a practical standpoint, the storage design reflects the broader philosophy of the MS-02 Ultra. It offers unusually high capacity and flexibility for a system of this size, but it does so by imposing constraints related to drive selection, thermal clearance, and PCIe bandwidth sharing. For users planning a fixed configuration, these limitations are manageable once understood. For those intending to experiment with different storage combinations over time, the layout rewards careful planning rather than casual swapping. This reinforces the idea that the MS-02 Ultra is engineered for deliberate, long-term deployment rather than frequent hardware iteration.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Internal Hardware

At the core of the MS-02 Ultra is Intel’s Core Ultra HX platform, with the Ultra 9 285HX representing the most complete implementation of what this chassis can support. This processor combines 8 P-cores and 16 E-cores, allowing the system to scale from low-load background tasks to sustained multi-threaded workloads without the immediate thermal collapse often seen in compact systems. In practice, the CPU feels closer to a desktop-class part than a mobile processor, particularly when sustained power limits are raised in the BIOS. That capability comes with tradeoffs in power draw and cooling demand, but it also defines the MS-02 Ultra’s positioning as something far more ambitious than a conventional mini PC.

Memory support further reinforces that distinction. The system includes 4 DDR5 SODIMM slots, but only the Ultra 9 285HX variant enables ECC functionality. During testing, ECC was supported at 4800 MT/s, and while that frequency is lower than some non-ECC DDR5 kits, the stability benefits are clearly aligned with the system’s server-adjacent ambitions. The physical layout of the memory slots is unconventional, with 2 slots positioned close to the CPU cooling path and the remaining 2 mounted on the opposite side of the board.

Minisforum has added a custom heatsink over part of the memory and nearby controllers, suggesting thermal behaviour around the DIMMs was significant enough during development to warrant dedicated mitigation.

PCIe lane availability is one of the most critical aspects of the MS-02 Ultra’s internal design. The system exposes 3 PCIe slots: 1 PCIe 5.0 x16 slot, 1 PCIe 4.0 x16 slot, and 1 PCIe 4.0 x4 slot. Notably, the PCIe 5.0 x16 slot is not occupied by the bundled 25GbE combo card, leaving it available for future expansion. This is an unusual design choice in a system of this size and points to forward-looking intent rather than immediate necessity. However, physical space limits the practicality of using this slot to low-profile, short-length cards, which significantly narrows the pool of compatible GPUs and accelerators.

Power delivery inside the chassis is handled by an internal 350 W PSU, which is uncommon for systems in this size class. During teardown and testing, it became clear that Minisforum opted for an internal unit to support higher transient loads and to provide direct power connectors for PCIe devices. While an external PSU would have simplified thermals and internal space management, the internal design enables a cleaner external setup and removes a common bottleneck seen in expandable mini PCs. The tradeoff is increased internal heat density, which places more responsibility on the cooling system to manage both CPU and power delivery components simultaneously.

Overall, the internal hardware configuration of the MS-02 Ultra reflects a deliberate shift away from simplicity and toward flexibility and scalability. Each major subsystem, CPU, memory, PCIe, and power delivery, is implemented in a way that assumes the user will actively engage with BIOS settings, lane allocation, and hardware planning.

This makes the system less forgiving for casual users but far more capable for those who intend to push it beyond default configurations. Rather than hiding complexity, the MS-02 Ultra exposes it, which is both its defining strength and a potential barrier depending on the user’s expectations.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Ports and Connections

The MS-02 Ultra offers a port layout that reflects its hybrid workstation and infrastructure-focused design rather than a consumer desktop orientation. On the front panel, Minisforum has placed 2 USB4 v2 Type-C ports operating at up to 80 Gbps, alongside a single USB 10 Gbps Type-A port, a 3.5 mm audio jack, and the power button. In practical use, the front USB4 v2 ports proved capable of sustained high-throughput operation, including external NVMe enclosures where transfer speeds in the 6 to 7 GB/s range were observed. This makes the front panel suitable not just for peripherals, but for temporary high-speed storage, capture devices, or docking solutions without needing to access the rear of the system.

The rear I/O panel expands connectivity significantly and is where the system’s infrastructure focus becomes clearer. It includes 1 USB4 Type-C port at 40 Gbps, 3 USB-A ports at 10 Gbps, and a full-size HDMI 2.1 port supporting high-resolution and high-refresh output. The HDMI port provides a straightforward display option for setups that do not rely on DisplayPort over USB4, which is useful in environments where compatibility or cable length is a concern. Together, these ports support multi-display configurations without requiring a discrete GPU, though display bandwidth sharing across USB4 ports should still be considered when attaching multiple high-resolution monitors.

Networking is one of the defining characteristics of the MS-02 Ultra, particularly on the Ultra 9 285HX model. This version includes the previously mentioned 2 25GbE SFP+ ports delivered via the internal PCIe combo card, in addition to a 10GbE RJ45 port and a 2.5GbE RJ45 port. Each wired interface uses a separate controller, allowing simultaneous multi-tier networking without shared bandwidth bottlenecks.

In testing, the presence of multiple active network controllers contributed to higher idle power draw, but it also enables complex routing, storage, or virtualization scenarios that would normally require a much larger system. The 2.5GbE interface also supports Intel vPro, allowing remote management and BIOS-level access in supported environments.

Wireless connectivity is handled by an onboard WiFi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 module, with external antenna connectors located at the rear. In close-range testing, WiFi 7 throughput exceeded 5 Gbps when paired with a compatible router, making it a viable option for high-speed wireless workflows when cabling is impractical.

While wireless connectivity is unlikely to replace the wired interfaces for sustained workloads, its inclusion rounds out the system’s connectivity and reinforces the idea that the MS-02 Ultra is designed to function in a wide range of deployment scenarios, from desk-based workstations to lab or rack-adjacent environments.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Speed, Noise, Heat and Power Tests

In day-to-day operation, the MS-02 Ultra behaves closer to a compact desktop workstation than a typical mini PC, particularly when configured with the Core Ultra 9 285HX. General responsiveness under Windows 11 Pro was consistently strong, even with multiple background tasks running, and the system showed no signs of instability during extended uptime.

Light workloads such as desktop productivity, media playback, and development tools rarely pushed power draw beyond moderate levels, although the presence of the 25GbE combo card does raise baseline consumption compared to smaller Minisforum systems.

CPU-focused testing highlighted the platform’s ability to sustain high loads, but also underscored how aggressively the system can scale power. In Cinebench, single-core workloads typically drew around 65 to 70 W, while full multi-core runs pushed total system power beyond 200 W at peak. These figures are unusually high for a system of this size, but they align with what would be expected from a high-core-count HX processor running with elevated power limits. Despite this, the cooling system maintained control, with external chassis temperatures remaining within reasonable limits even during prolonged stress periods.

Integrated graphics performance was evaluated using a mix of synthetic benchmarks and real-world gaming tests. Cinebench GPU and PCMark scores placed the system solidly ahead of most integrated-graphics mini PCs, but well below even mid-range discrete GPUs. In practice, games such as Sons of the Forest and Street Fighter 6 were playable at 60 FPS using medium settings, confirming that casual and light gaming is viable without additional hardware.

However, more demanding benchmarks like Steel Nomad and Solar Bay Extreme demonstrated clear limitations, reinforcing that users seeking higher graphical fidelity or advanced rendering will need a discrete GPU or external GPU solution.

Where the MS-02 Ultra differentiates itself is in scalability rather than raw out-of-the-box performance. USB4 ports supported external GPUs and high-speed storage without issue, and internal PCIe expansion allowed for measurable gains when discrete graphics were introduced. Storage benchmarks showed expected scaling across PCIe generations, with PCIe 5.0 NVMe drives exceeding 12 GB/s, PCIe 4.0 drives reaching around 6 GB/s, and PCIe 3.0 drives performing in line with their specifications. Overall, performance testing confirmed that the system’s architecture prioritizes flexibility and sustained throughput over specialization in any single workload.

Disclaimer on 25GbE and NAS Testing

This review does not include full performance validation of the dual 25GbE SFP+ interfaces or in-depth NAS and virtualization benchmarking. At the time of testing, a complete 25GbE network environment was not yet in place, which prevented meaningful throughput, latency, and sustained load testing of those ports. As a result, the networking discussion in this article is limited to hardware behavior, configuration, and early observations rather than verified performance metrics. A dedicated follow-up video and article are planned that will focus specifically on deploying the MS-02 Ultra as a NAS and Proxmox host, including detailed 25GbE testing, storage performance under RAID and VM workloads, and long-term stability analysis.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Conclusion & Verdict

After extended testing, the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra stands out as one of the most ambitious small-form-factor systems Minisforum has produced to date. It is not designed to be a simple plug-and-play mini PC, and it does not try to hide that fact. Almost every aspect of the system, from PCIe lane allocation to storage layout and cooling behavior, assumes the user will be willing to spend time understanding how the hardware fits together. In return, it offers a level of flexibility that is uncommon at this size, combining workstation-class CPU performance with expansion options that normally require a much larger chassis. The result is a system that feels closer to a modular platform than a fixed appliance.

In practical use, the MS-02 Ultra proves capable across a wide range of workloads, but its real value lies in how well it scales beyond its default configuration. CPU performance is strong enough for sustained professional tasks, integrated graphics are sufficient for light gaming and creative work, and the internal and external expansion options open the door to far more demanding roles over time. At the same time, the pricing, particularly for ECC-equipped or fully populated configurations, places it firmly in enthusiast and professional territory. Users who want something quiet, simple, and inexpensive will likely be better served by smaller Minisforum systems. For those who are comfortable tinkering, planning future upgrades, and investing in a platform that can evolve alongside their needs, the MS-02 Ultra delivers a rare combination of compact size, connectivity, and long-term adaptability that few systems currently match.

PROs of the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra	CONs of the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra
Strong multi-core CPU performance that approaches compact desktop-class systems Unusually high internal expandability for a 4.8 L chassis PCIe 5.0 x16 slot available for future expansion Dual 25GbE SFP+ networking on the 285HX model Support for ECC DDR5 memory on the 285HX configuration Four M.2 NVMe slots available on the top-tier model Internal 350 W PSU with auxiliary power for PCIe devices USB4 v2 ports capable of very high external storage and docking throughput Suitable for multiple roles including workstation, NAS, and virtualization host	High pricing for a area of the market where buyers are getting used to low, low prices, even for ECC-equipped or fully populated configurations Limited physical space restricts larger GPU and PCIe card choices Fan control largely confined to BIOS with limited OS-level adjustment (TBC) Complexity and tuning requirements may deter less experienced users who want to maximize their investment in this system

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Les prix des ordinateurs personnels devraient grimper en 2026. La pénurie de mémoire et de stockage pourrait entraîner une hausse allant jusqu’à 8 %

Cet article PC en 2026, la chute des ventes et l’augmentation des prix sont inévitables a été publié en premier par GinjFo.

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra – The First 48 Hours

The MS-02 Ultra is the latest workstation from Minisforum, and is currently undergoing testing and review here at NASCompares. However, even after just 48 hours, a whole bunch of interesting design choices and unique qwerks to the arcitecture have emerged that I wanted to cover in the meantime before the full review is complete. The MS-02 Ultra essentially trying to recapture the magic and impact of the incredibly popular MS-01 – and it is attempting this by doubling, trippling and (in some cases) quadrupling the base specifications! The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra arrives as a compact workstation that incorporates a 24-core Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX processor, up to 256 GB of ECC DDR5 memory, internal 350 W power delivery, multiple PCIe expansion options, and a network configuration that includes dual 25GbE, 10GbE, and 2.5GbE. After 48 hours of initial testing, several hardware behaviors have emerged regarding thermals, acoustics, lane distribution, storage configuration, and chassis layout. The following sections outline these early observations, supported by confirmed specifications and hands-on inspection. Stay tuned for the full review, but at least for now, let’s discuss the early highlights and low lights!

Design of the MS-02 Ultra

The internal design of the MS-02 Ultra differs considerably from earlier Minisforum workstation models and moves away from the layout used in the MS-S1 Max. Although the system retains a slide-out internal frame, the mechanism is less streamlined than the earlier S-series implementation because of how densely the components are arranged.

The interior resembles a compressed micro-tower layout, with the CPU cooling assembly, PSU, PCIe risers, and storage positions layered closely together. A dual-fan ventilation chamber spans the frontal section of the chassis, pulling air through a vented intake and directing it across the primary cooling hardware before forcing it out the rear. This arrangement appears to be a necessary response to the higher thermal output of the Ultra 9 285HX and the inclusion of multiple expansion slots, both of which require more directed airflow than Minisforum’s previous compact workstation designs.

The placement of internal components reflects the limited spatial tolerance of the 4.8-liter enclosure. The internal 350 W PSU occupies a significant section of the lower frame and includes additional power leads intended for low-profile GPU or accelerator cards, something rarely present in machines of this size. The motherboard runs across most of the horizontal section and positions the CPU vapor-chamber cooler toward the middle, while memory slots, NVMe connectors, and the PCIe riser for the combo NIC occupy the remaining pockets of available space.

Because cooling pipes and the ventilation housing sit directly above the CPU-side memory slots, Minisforum added a custom angled heatsink to ensure airflow reaches these modules. This results in a serviceable layout but one that requires more deliberate disassembly, as the compact structure prioritizes component density and thermal guidance over ease of access or open internal spacing.

Early Heat, Noise and Power Use of the MS-02 Ultra

Initial thermal behavior suggests the MS-02 Ultra is managing its compact layout with a cooling strategy built around a dual-fan chamber and a six-heatpipe radiator assisted by phase-change material. During the first setup period, surface temperatures around the chassis varied, with readings near the side ventilation panels and case edges settling around the low-to-mid 40s, while the front intake area measured lower due to the direct airflow path.

Early internal temperature checks, taken before any sustained workloads were applied, showed values consistent with a system that is heavily packed but actively cooled across multiple zones. These readings align with Minisforum’s stated 5000 RPM maximum fan speed and the intention to maintain a 100 W to 140 W CPU power envelope depending on configuration. However, because these measurements were taken during routine preparation rather than stress testing, they provide only a preliminary indication of how the system will manage long-duration loads.

Noise levels during this early period ranged from the low 30s dBA while performing software installations and background operations, with no significant fluctuations unless brief bursts of activity occurred. This behavior suggests fan control may be tied primarily to BIOS-level thermal triggers rather than granular OS-side control, something that will require further testing.

Power consumption during light activity remained in the 50 to 60 W range, which is consistent with a workstation-class system running the Ultra 9 285HX while idle or handling moderate foreground tasks. Removing the dual-25GbE combo card or disabling its slot reduced power draw by roughly 10 to 11 W, highlighting the overhead associated with multi-lane NICs and onboard controllers. These early figures provide a baseline for comparison against heavier benchmarks that will be performed in the full review.

The 25GbE, 10GbE and WiFi 7 Network Card in the MS-02 Ultra

The MS-02 Ultra’s networking implementation is centered around a PCIe-based combo card that integrates dual 25GbE SFP+ ports with two additional M.2 NVMe slots. This card is installed in the PCIe 4.0 x16 position rather than the PCIe 5.0 slot, and it includes a dedicated controller with active cooling and heatsinks that cover both the networking and storage components.

Early inspection shows the card draws a notable amount of power, which corresponds with the increased thermal and electrical requirements of Intel’s E810-class 25GbE controllers. Because of this, Minisforum’s inclusion of dedicated airflow and structural reinforcement around the card is necessary within the constrained 4.8-liter chassis. The presence of this dual-purpose add-in card also means the MS-02 Ultra’s total NVMe count depends on whether the system is configured with the 285HX version, as the lower-tier CPUs remove the combo module entirely.

Beyond the 25GbE configuration, the system includes onboard 10GbE and 2.5GbE RJ45 ports, the latter supported by Intel’s i226-LM with vPro capabilities, allowing BIOS-level remote management. The combination of high-speed SFP+, copper-based multi-gigabit ports, and embedded management options positions the system for lab, server, or virtualization roles rather than conventional desktop use.

Wireless capability is supplied via a WiFi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 module connected through an M.2 E-Key slot, providing high-throughput wireless performance alongside its wired interfaces. Together, these connectivity features expand the system’s potential use cases, particularly for users planning to deploy virtualized environments or bandwidth-intensive tasks such as shared storage testing or multi-system clustering.

How m.2 Storage on the MS-02 Ultra is Done

The MS-02 Ultra distributes its four NVMe slots across two different locations, with two mounted on the mainboard and two integrated into the dual-25GbE combo card. The pair located on the system board are positioned on the underside, near the memory and CPU assembly, and both are listed as PCIe 4.0 x4 according to Minisforum’s documentation.

Early inspection suggests that one of these may have a PCIe 5.0 lane path available at the hardware level, though software restrictions or lane bifurcation rules may currently limit it to Gen 4 behavior. This is an area that requires further validation using a Gen 5 SSD, as the lane layout on the 285HX platform allows various allocation possibilities depending on how Minisforum assigned bandwidth between CPU, chipset, and expansion slots. These internal slots have modest vertical clearance, meaning SSDs with tall heatsinks cannot be used without removing or replacing the pre-fitted cooling structures.

The remaining two NVMe slots reside on the network combo card alongside the 25GbE controllers. These operate under different bandwidth rules depending on SSD capacity: drives up to 4 TB operate at PCIe 4.0 x4, while larger 8 TB models shift down to PCIe 3.0 x4. This behavior appears to be related to the card’s onboard controller and how its internal bifurcation splits resources between the NIC and storage lanes.

Physical space is also restricted on the card, requiring low-profile SSDs in certain positions to avoid obstruction of the cooling shroud and airflow channel. Minisforum includes an additional heatsink in the package for users installing their own drives, but using SSDs with taller factory heatsinks may be impractical. Altogether, storage layout on the MS-02 Ultra is functional and high-capacity, but with lane behaviors and physical constraints that require attention during configuration.

Memory on the MS-02 Ultra

The MS-02 Ultra provides four DDR5 SODIMM slots, but their distribution within the chassis is unconventional due to the system’s compact thermal layout. Two slots sit on the mainboard near the CPU-side M.2 positions, placed directly in the airflow path of the vapor-chamber cooler and its dual-fan assembly. Because of this, Minisforum has added a custom angled heatsink that draws air from the primary cooling channel across the modules and nearby components.

This arrangement is intended to compensate for the thermal density around the CPU area, where heat buildup would otherwise be more likely. These two slots support both ECC and non-ECC memory, though ECC functionality is active only on the 285HX model. Their placement suggests Minisforum prioritized consistent airflow over ease of access, making upgrades possible but less straightforward than on more open workstation layouts.

The remaining pair of SODIMM slots is located on the opposite side of the board, positioned away from the CPU cooling assembly and closer to the chassis frame. These modules have more breathing room but rely on passive airflow from the system’s general ventilation rather than a focused cooling path. All four slots support speeds up to 4800 MHz, with XMP profiles unavailable due to Minisforum’s implementation and Intel’s platform limitations.

During early testing, memory installation worked as expected, though the arrangement of these slots means users planning maximum 256 GB configurations will need to work within the physical constraints of the layout. Overall, the memory design reflects a tradeoff between supporting high-capacity ECC configurations and fitting the necessary cooling infrastructure into a small volume.

PCIe Card Support on the MS-02 Ultra

The MS-02 Ultra incorporates three PCIe slots arranged to maximize flexibility within its compact chassis: a PCIe 5.0 x16 slot, a PCIe 4.0 x16 slot, and a PCIe 4.0 x4 slot. The PCIe 5.0 slot is left unoccupied by default, allowing users to install a low-profile GPU or accelerator card that fits within the airflow and power constraints of the 350 W internal PSU.

Minisforum includes auxiliary power cables within the system, which is uncommon for small-form-factor workstations and indicates that the chassis is intended to support cards that require supplemental power. Because of the chassis height and width, only dual-slot, low-profile cards with modest cooling requirements are viable, but this still introduces options for compute or media workloads that benefit from hardware acceleration.

The PCIe 4.0 x16 slot is occupied in the 285HX configuration by the dual-25GbE plus dual-M.2 combo card, which introduces additional thermal and power considerations. This leaves the PCIe 4.0 x4 slot available for further expansion, provided the card used meets the system’s spatial limitations. The layout demonstrates Minisforum’s approach to balancing lane allocation between CPU, storage, and networking, especially given the 24 available PCIe lanes on the Ultra 9 platform.

Although the physical presence of three slots in such a compact volume is unusual, the arrangement is functional, and power delivery from the internal PSU supports moderate add-in card configurations. Users will need to consider airflow direction, card length, and slot occupation carefully to avoid restricting internal ventilation.

Conclusion and Verdict on the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra (So Far…)

The MS-02 Ultra presents a compact workstation design that integrates a high-core-count CPU, multiple NVMe storage options, high-speed networking, and an internal PSU within a tightly arranged chassis. Early testing indicates that the system’s thermal behavior, noise profile, and power draw are consistent with its component density, though the long-term performance of its cooling strategy requires extended benchmarking before reaching definitive conclusions. The design choices, such as the split placement of memory slots, the use of a large dual-fan cooling chamber, and the reliance on a densely packed internal layout, all reflect Minisforum’s effort to fit workstation-grade hardware into a constrained volume.

In terms of features, the dual-25GbE plus dual-M.2 combo card remains the most distinctive element, expanding the system’s potential for virtualized environments, NAS roles, and bandwidth-heavy workflows. PCIe allocation, memory configuration, and storage behavior introduce several considerations for users planning upgrades or specialized deployments. While these early observations indicate a capable and flexible platform, further testing is necessary to determine sustained thermal performance, PCIe stability under load, and real-world throughput of the networking and storage subsystems. The forthcoming full review will provide those extended results, but for now, the system presents a feature-rich design with several areas that merit deeper evaluation.

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1Password a annoncé le 12 novembre 2025 une amélioration majeure : le gestionnaire de mots de passe peut désormais s’ouvrir automatiquement dès que vous déverrouillez votre appareil, que ce soit via Face ID, Touch ID, un code PIN ou un mot de passe.

Beelink Me Mini vs GMKTec G9 vs CWWK P6 SSD NAS Showdown

The compact and SSD-focused NAS landscape has grown increasingly competitive, with new models targeting users who require silent operation, efficient performance, and small-scale virtualization or media serving capabilities. Devices like the GMKTec G9, Beelink ME Mini, and CWWK P6 represent a distinct shift from traditional 3.5” HDD-based systems, instead favoring M.2 NVMe SSD storage in compact chassis designs. These systems are marketed toward home users, prosumers, and developers looking for a balance between cost, flexibility, and low-noise operation, often for roles such as Plex servers, UnRAID deployments, or containerized environments.

Each unit in this comparison leverages low-power Intel Twin Lake processors (notably the N150), offers at least dual 2.5GbE connectivity, and supports multiple M.2 drives, but their implementations vary widely in thermal handling, expandability, and internal architecture. As the line between DIY NAS builds and pre-built options continues to blur, the GMKTec G9, Beelink ME Mini, and CWWK P6 provide a snapshot of how different brands interpret the needs of modern users who prioritize energy efficiency, small footprints, and SSD-based storage workflows. This article evaluates these three devices across pricing, storage architecture, design, and real-world usability to provide a clear overview of their relative strengths and compromises.

CWWK P6 SSD NAS	Beelink ME Mini SSD NAS – HERE	GMKTec G9 SSD NAS

Beelink Me Mini vs GMKTec G9 vs CWWK P6 SSD NAS – Price and Value

The GMKTec G9 enters the market at around $199 for its 12GB RAM base configuration, positioning it as one of the more accessible SSD-based NAS units available. It includes a Windows 11 Pro license and Ubuntu Linux pre-installed, which can be attractive to users interested in general computing as well as NAS tasks. However, these operating systems are not tailored for storage-focused functionality, and the burden falls on the user to install and configure something like TrueNAS or UnRAID for proper NAS use. Additionally, the system uses non-upgradable LPDDR5 memory and features a plastic chassis, suggesting a design focus on affordability over long-term flexibility. While value is present in terms of included software and passive SSD-ready operation, its entry-level design limits appeal to users planning to scale or repurpose the device beyond its initial setup.

The Beelink ME Mini NAS, typically available at $209 on Beelink’s own storefront, offers a slightly higher upfront cost but balances that with integrated features aimed at simplifying deployment. Unlike the GMKTec G9, the ME Mini comes with an internal power supply and Crucial-branded SSDs in pre-built configurations, offering a greater level of assurance for storage reliability and plug-and-play readiness. The system supports Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.2, and features a silent fan-assisted cooling design that makes it more suitable for living rooms or office environments. Though it also utilizes soldered 12GB LPDDR5 memory, its form factor, passive aesthetics, and better thermals make it more appealing to users who want a quiet and tidy NAS solution that requires minimal tinkering post-installation. When compared to generic prebuilds, the ME Mini offers greater refinement and turnkey usability in exchange for a modest premium.

The CWWK P6 NAS sets itself apart with a lower base price of $195 for the N150 version, but this does not include memory or storage. Instead, the system is designed for users who prefer sourcing their own SO-DIMM DDR5 RAM and M.2 SSDs, potentially reducing costs if spare components are available. Its use of a single SO-DIMM slot enables expansion up to 48GB, which is considerably more than either the GMKTec or Beelink models. However, this flexibility comes at the cost of initial convenience. Users will need to handle their own OS installation, BIOS configuration, and possibly even resolve SATA recognition issues via firmware tweaks. The CWWK P6 also lacks wireless connectivity by default, and its use of a barrel connector rather than USB-C for power delivery may feel dated. Still, for users with a higher comfort level in DIY environments, the P6 offers a customizable platform with greater headroom for VMs, Plex, and containers.

When considering long-term value, each NAS appeals to a different kind of buyer. The GMKTec G9 is best suited for users who want a simple, functional NAS with minimal setup, though they may run into its limits quickly if performance expectations rise. The Beelink ME Mini justifies its price by offering a more thought-out design, silent thermals, and premium SSD options out of the box—better suited to users who want a clean and quiet system that can be set up rapidly. Meanwhile, the CWWK P6 represents a builder’s NAS: inexpensive upfront, highly scalable, and intended for users who value control over convenience. Ultimately, while price differences between these units are small, the total value depends heavily on user intent and whether ease of deployment, expansion, or component choice takes priority.

Beelink Me Mini vs GMKTec G9 vs CWWK P6 SSD NAS – Storage & Memory

All three NAS systems in this comparison rely exclusively on M.2 NVMe SSDs for internal storage, reflecting a growing emphasis on silent, high-speed flash-based configurations in compact enclosures. The GMKTec G9 features four M.2 NVMe slots, each limited to PCIe Gen 3 x2, offering a theoretical maximum of 2GB/s per drive. In contrast, the Beelink ME Mini supports six M.2 NVMe slots, with five operating at PCIe Gen 3 x1 and one—typically reserved for the OS—at Gen 3 x2. The CWWK P6 matches the G9 in having four slots, though each operates at PCIe Gen 3 x1 speeds, reducing peak bandwidth per drive. This difference in PCIe lane allocation directly impacts aggregate read/write performance, especially in RAID configurations or during high-traffic file operations.

The GMKTec G9’s storage slots are laid out beneath a plastic panel with no included heatsinks, a decision that raises concerns about sustained thermal performance. While it technically supports up to 32TB of total storage across its four bays, the lack of passive or active SSD cooling can lead to throttling unless third-party heatsinks are installed. The Beelink ME Mini, in contrast, integrates a large aluminum heatsink with pre-applied thermal pads on all six slots, ensuring consistent heat transfer and reduced risk of SSD overheating. Though five of its six slots are bandwidth-limited to Gen 3 x1, the thermal design makes it better suited for prolonged uptime and high-usage environments. The CWWK P6 also features a metal enclosure that acts as a passive heat sink, but ships with notably thin thermal pads and relies on an optional USB-powered fan for improved airflow.

Memory configuration is another key area of differentiation. The GMKTec G9 and Beelink ME Mini both ship with 12GB of soldered LPDDR5 memory running at 4800MHz. This fixed memory cannot be upgraded, limiting their long-term viability in RAM-intensive use cases such as virtualization or large-scale container deployment. The CWWK P6, by contrast, includes a single SO-DIMM slot that supports up to 32GB of DDR5 4800MHz memory, making it the most flexible of the three for VM hosting, ZFS-based NAS operating systems, or other memory-sensitive applications. The tradeoff is that buyers must provide their own RAM, adding to the setup cost but allowing for performance tuning based on workload.

Boot and operating system storage configurations differ subtly across the three units. The GMKTec G9 includes a 64GB eMMC drive with pre-installed Windows 11 Pro and Ubuntu, though the eMMC capacity is insufficient for most NAS deployments beyond initial setup. The Beelink ME Mini also offers a 64GB eMMC module but encourages users to install the OS on the Gen 3 x2 slot, especially in bundled configurations that include Crucial P3 SSDs. The CWWK P6 does not include any pre-installed OS or eMMC storage but does allow booting from any of its four NVMe slots, giving advanced users greater freedom to optimize OS installation, especially when using UnRAID or TrueNAS SCALE.

Ultimately, the memory and storage architecture of each system reflects different user priorities. The GMKTec G9 aims for simplicity but is hindered by non-upgradable memory and inadequate SSD cooling. The Beelink ME Mini offers better thermal management and storage capacity, albeit with limited PCIe bandwidth on most slots. The CWWK P6 provides the greatest upgrade potential with socketed RAM and M.2 flexibility, but demands user familiarity with thermal solutions, BIOS configuration, and peripheral sourcing.

The physical construction of these three NAS units reflects differing priorities in material choice, ventilation, and power integration. The GMKTec G9 uses a lightweight plastic chassis, which helps reduce cost but limits heat dissipation across its four M.2 SSDs. The unit relies on internal airflow generated by laptop-style fans, but its design lacks direct ventilation over the SSD bays, and the use of a plastic cover above the M.2 slots reduces thermal transfer. In contrast, the Beelink ME Mini is housed in a symmetrical 99mm³ cube with an internal aluminum heatsink and integrated fan. Its minimalist cube layout includes top and bottom ventilation for vertical airflow and maintains a more enclosed, consistent cooling environment that better suits SSD longevity in passive setups.

The CWWK P6 offers the most robust build quality of the three, using a solid aluminum alloy chassis that doubles as a passive heat sink. It includes a base-level fan mounted beneath the CPU and an optional USB-powered fan for SSD cooling. However, the included thermal pads are extremely thin, reducing their effectiveness under prolonged load unless replaced. Despite this, the chassis is designed to tolerate higher ambient temperatures and shows consistent performance in enclosed spaces. One drawback is the lack of airflow across the top panel unless the optional fan is mounted—without it, SSDs tend to accumulate heat more rapidly, especially during concurrent write operations or large file transfers.

Power delivery also differentiates these devices. The GMKTec G9 uses a USB-C power connector with an external 65W power brick, aligning with modern standards and reducing desktop clutter. The Beelink ME Mini further improves on this with a built-in PSU, removing the need for external adapters altogether and simplifying cable management in home setups. The CWWK P6 reverts to a more traditional 12V barrel connector, which, while functional, feels outdated compared to the USB-C or internal PSU solutions. This design choice may require users to carry a dedicated power supply, limiting flexibility in mobile deployments or environments with shared power infrastructure.

In testing, all three systems showed efficient power usage, though their idle and peak wattages differ slightly due to cooling, CPU behavior, and drive count. The GMKTec G9 drew 19–20W at idle and peaked at 28–30W under sustained load. The Beelink ME Mini demonstrated the lowest idle consumption at 6.9W with no drives, increasing to around 30W when fully populated with six SSDs under heavy activity. The CWWK P6 consumed approximately 18W at idle and peaked at 34–35W with three active VMs and four SSDs. These figures indicate that, despite modest differences in architecture, each system remains power-efficient and suitable for 24/7 use, especially in home environments with low thermal tolerance and energy cost sensitivity.

Beelink Me Mini vs GMKTec G9 vs CWWK P6 SSD NAS – Conclusion and Verdict

When assessed across all key metrics, the GMKTec G9, Beelink ME Mini, and CWWK P6 occupy distinct positions within the low-cost, all-flash NAS landscape, each catering to different user expectations and levels of technical comfort. The GMKTec G9 is the most turnkey in terms of initial usability, with pre-installed Windows and Ubuntu providing a base for users new to NAS setups or simply looking to use the device as a low-power desktop or file server. Its plastic chassis and lack of thermal optimization limit its suitability for intensive tasks, and the fixed 12GB LPDDR5 memory restricts performance scaling for containers or virtualization. That said, the G9 offers predictable behavior and basic capabilities that will satisfy those seeking an easy, entry-level NAS with minimal setup time, especially for local media streaming or light SMB file services. That said, the G9 is getting rather notorious for it’s poor cooling abilities – so much so that the brand has rolled out an improved cooling verion (see images below). There DO help, but the G9 is still the poorest of the three NAS in this comparison in terms of active cooling and long term temps!

The Beelink ME Mini, though only marginally more expensive, adopts a more premium approach to internal design and build quality. The integrated fan and large aluminum heatsink ensure more consistent SSD temperatures under sustained workloads, and the system is noticeably quieter at idle compared to the G9. Its six M.2 NVMe slots provide greater storage density potential, even though five are limited to PCIe Gen 3 x1 speeds. The soldered memory mirrors the G9’s limitations in upgradeability, but its inclusion of Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth, and an internal PSU adds notable convenience for deployment in mixed-use environments like offices, bedrooms, or AV cabinets. It will appeal to users who value quiet, thermally reliable operation in a system that arrives largely preconfigured and ready for use with minimal additional hardware.

In contrast, the CWWK P6 forgoes polish and plug-and-play readiness in favor of maximum flexibility and user control. It is the only device in this group to feature upgradable RAM, allowing users to install up to 48GB of DDR5 memory, which opens the door to heavier workloads like virtual machines, ZFS-based NAS operating systems, or multiple Docker containers. The lack of included wireless, OS storage, or bundled RAM/SSD keeps the entry cost low but shifts responsibility onto the buyer to source compatible components. This extends to thermal management—while the chassis is solid aluminum, effective SSD cooling often requires replacing the thin stock pads and adding the optional USB-powered fan. These additional steps will deter less technical users but make the P6 a strong contender for builders, hobbyists, or professionals seeking a flexible platform they can adapt over time.

Ultimately, choosing between these three NAS units comes down to balancing ease of setup, long-term scalability, and thermal reliability. The GMKTec G9 suits users who want to get started quickly with a general-purpose device and accept limitations in memory and thermal design. The Beelink ME Mini delivers a more refined package, ideal for those who prioritize noise, storage density, and out-of-box functionality. The CWWK P6, meanwhile, is the most modular and scalable option, but requires technical confidence and additional investment in compatible components. Each has clear strengths and trade-offs, and the best choice depends on whether the user prioritizes convenience, passive reliability, or long-term upgradability in their NAS setup.

Device	Pros	Cons
GMKTec G9	– Includes Windows 11 Pro and Ubuntu pre-installed	– Non-upgradable 12GB LPDDR5 RAM
	– USB-C power input with compact external PSU	– Plastic chassis with VERY poor SSD thermal management
	– Supports 4 x M.2 NVMe (PCIe Gen 3 x2)	– No SSD heatsinks or airflow over storage
	– Quiet operation under light loads
	– Lower entry price with minimal setup required
Beelink ME Mini	– Includes 6 x M.2 NVMe slots (1 x Gen 3 x2, 5 x Gen 3 x1)	– Soldered 12GB LPDDR5, no memory expansion
	– Built-in PSU for cable-free deployment	– Most SSD slots limited to PCIe Gen 3 x1
	– Silent fan and integrated heatsink for passive SSD cooling	– No RAM or storage customization
	– Bundled with Crucial SSDs in some configurations
	– Wi-Fi 6 and Bluetooth 5.2 included
CWWK P6 (N150)	– Upgradable DDR5 RAM (up to 48GB via SO-DIMM)	– No bundled RAM or SSD; user must supply all components
	– Solid aluminum chassis for passive thermal dissipation	– Thermal pads are thin and require replacement for effective SSD cooling
	– 4 x M.2 NVMe slots (PCIe Gen 3 x1) with flexible boot drive assignment	– Barrel power connector instead of USB-C or internal PSU
	– Best suited for VMs, ZFS, and UnRAID with advanced configuration options
	– Lowest base cost and broadest expansion potential

CWWK P6 SSD NAS	Beelink ME Mini SSD NAS – HERE	GMKTec G9 SSD NAS

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The Minisforum MS-02 Workstation – FINALLY A MS-01 KILLER?

Note – Massive thanks to PCWatch for their coverage of the Japan IT Week 2025 Event. They made an excellent article on the Minisforum MS-02 HERE and was the source for today’s article. Check them out!

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is a compact 4.8-liter workstation revealed at Japan IT Week Autumn 2025, marking a major upgrade over the earlier MS-01 model. Built around Intel’s 24-core Core Ultra 9 285HX processor, it merges high-end mobile CPU performance with features traditionally reserved for full-size desktops. The system includes support for up to 256 GB of ECC DDR5 memory, four PCIe 4.0 NVMe slots, and three PCIe expansion slots, one of which supports PCIe 5.0 ×16. Network connectivity options extend up to dual 25 GbE SFP28 ports, alongside 10 GbE and 2.5 GbE (vPro) Ethernet. Designed to serve as a workstation or mini-server, the MS-02 Ultra incorporates an internal 350 W Flex PSU, a slide-out chassis for maintenance, and advanced front-to-rear cooling architecture.

Category	Brief Specification
Processor	Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX (24 cores 8P + 16E, 36 MB cache, up to 5.5 GHz)
Memory	4 × DDR5 SO-DIMM slots (up to 256 GB 4800 MHz, ECC supported)
Storage	4 × M.2 2280 PCIe 4.0 ×4 slots (up to 16 TB total)
Expansion	1 × PCIe 5.0 ×16, 1 × PCIe 4.0 ×16 (25 GbE NIC installed by default), 1 × PCIe 4.0 ×4
Networking	2 × 25 GbE SFP28, 1 × 10 GbE RJ-45 (Realtek RTL8127), 1 × 2.5 GbE (vPro Intel i226-LM)
USB Ports	2 × USB4 v2 Type-C (80 Gbps), 1 × USB4 Type-C (40 Gbps), 3 × USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-A (10 Gbps)
Display Output	1 × HDMI 2.1 (up to 8K 60 Hz / 4K 120 Hz support)
Audio	1 × 3.5 mm combo jack (TRRS)
Wireless	M.2 2230 E-Key slot (Wi-Fi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 support)
Power Supply	350 W internal Flex PSU (100–240 V AC input)
Dimensions	221.5 × 225 × 97 mm (≈ 4.8 liters)

Minisforum MS-02 – Internal Hardware

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is built around Intel’s Arrow Lake-HX platform, with the Core Ultra 9 285HX serving as its central processor. This 24-core CPU combines eight performance cores and sixteen efficiency cores, reaching up to 5.5 GHz while maintaining a 140 W thermal design power. It incorporates an integrated Intel Arc GPU with four Xe cores and an NPU capable of up to 13 TOPS for AI acceleration. The CPU provides 24 PCIe lanes in total, which are distributed among the system’s multiple expansion and storage options.

Memory capacity is one of the most notable upgrades over its predecessor. The MS-02 Ultra offers four DDR5 SO-DIMM slots, supporting up to 256 GB of 4800 MHz memory, with full ECC functionality for stability in continuous workloads. Two modules are located on the CPU side of the board, and two on the reverse, optimizing thermal spacing and service access. This capacity places it closer to entry-level server configurations than typical mini PCs, reinforcing its suitability for virtualization or compute-heavy tasks.

Storage expansion is handled through four M.2 2280 NVMe slots, each supporting PCIe 4.0 ×4 bandwidth. Combined, these slots can accommodate up to 16 TB of SSD storage. The system’s slide-out chassis design allows quick installation or replacement of drives, simplifying maintenance. Minisforum has also introduced a small debug LED and clear CMOS button on the board, indicating that the model is targeted toward users familiar with system-level configuration and troubleshooting.

Expansion flexibility extends far beyond most small form factor workstations. The system includes three PCIe slots: one PCIe 5.0 ×16, one PCIe 4.0 ×16 (often occupied by a 25 GbE NIC in standard configurations), and one PCIe 4.0 ×4. The top slot can host dual-slot desktop graphics cards, drawing up to 140 W through an included 8-pin auxiliary connector. This allows for the addition of mid-range GPUs such as the NVIDIA RTX 4000 SFF Ada or workstation accelerators, while still retaining physical compactness.

Power delivery is managed through a built-in 350 W Flex PSU that eliminates the need for an external brick. This internal supply was a deliberate shift from the MS-01’s external adapter and helps sustain higher CPU and GPU draw without additional clutter. The unit supports 100–240 V AC input, giving it universal deployment flexibility for both workstation and light server scenarios.

Minisforum MS-02 – Ports and Connections

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra includes a broad range of connectivity options intended to support both workstation and server workloads. Front access is optimized for frequent use, featuring two USB4 Version 2.0 Type-C ports offering 80 Gbps bandwidth each, a 10 Gbps USB Type-A port, a 3.5 mm audio combo jack, and the system power button. These front USB4 v2 ports also support DisplayPort Alternate Mode and Power Delivery up to 15 W per port, making them suitable for high-speed data transfer or direct monitor output without additional adapters.

The rear I/O layout is designed for permanent peripheral and network connections. It includes a third USB4 Type-C port rated at 40 Gbps, three USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-A ports at 10 Gbps each, and a single HDMI 2.1 output supporting up to 8K at 60 Hz or 4K at 120 Hz. For network communication, the MS-02 Ultra integrates four ports in total: two 25 GbE SFP28, one 10 GbE RJ-45, and one 2.5 GbE RJ-45. The 2.5 GbE interface uses Intel’s i226-LM controller and supports vPro remote management for BIOS-level administration, which is beneficial for enterprise or headless operation.

Wireless connectivity is provided by an M.2 2230 E-Key slot supporting Wi-Fi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 modules, enabling flexible configuration for wireless networks or peripheral pairing. The combination of USB4 v2, multiple Ethernet options, and RDMA capability positions the MS-02 Ultra as a system ready for both high-performance workstation setups and compact server deployments. Its port layout, with both front and rear accessibility, ensures straightforward use in horizontal or vertical orientations.

Minisforum MS-02 – Cooling and Temperature Management

The cooling system of the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is designed to manage sustained high thermal loads while maintaining compact dimensions. The chassis follows a front-intake and rear-exhaust airflow pattern, similar to rackmount servers. A six-heatpipe radiator combined with phase-change material (PCM) ensures efficient heat dissipation from both the CPU and expansion slots. This design enables the system to maintain stable operation at a 140 W CPU TDP, even when fully populated with PCIe cards and NVMe storage. Airflow direction also varies depending on the unit’s orientation, with side-mounted intakes feeding the expansion slots and rear vents handling exhaust when the unit is placed horizontally or vertically.

The internal layout is structured to prevent thermal overlap between major components. The CPU and memory modules are cooled through a direct-contact heat spreader, while GPU and add-in cards draw intake air from the left side and expel it from the right or top, depending on placement. The inclusion of an internal 350 W Flex PSU was balanced with this design, ensuring sufficient clearance and airflow. This approach allows the MS-02 Ultra to sustain continuous high-load performance without external cooling solutions or the noise levels typical of larger tower workstations.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Workstation – Worth waiting for?

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra represents a substantial progression from the original MS-01 workstation, addressing nearly every limitation of its predecessor. The earlier model, released in 2023, gained attention for integrating desktop-class performance into a small form factor but was constrained by its single-slot PCIe design, limited memory capacity, and reliance on an external power brick. The MS-02 Ultra resolves these issues with four DDR5 SO-DIMM slots supporting up to 256 GB ECC memory, a dual-slot PCIe 5.0 ×16 slot for graphics or accelerator cards, and a fully internal 350 W Flex PSU. These refinements, along with the addition of 25 GbE networking and USB4 v2 connectivity, elevate the system into a new category that bridges high-end workstation and compact enterprise server design.

Performance and versatility are at the center of this system’s concept. The inclusion of a 24-core Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX CPU and up to four PCIe 4.0 NVMe drives positions it for continuous workloads such as virtualization, software development, or AI inference without the thermal or structural compromises typical of small PCs. Minisforum’s decision to adopt ECC memory and RDMA-capable networking also underlines a shift toward reliability and professional usage scenarios rather than enthusiast or gaming audiences.

In terms of market placement, pricing has yet to be confirmed, but early indications suggest the MS-02 Ultra will likely start around $1,500, with higher configurations approaching or exceeding $2,000 depending on memory, storage, and NIC options. This aligns it with compact workstations like the ASRock DeskMeet X600 and high-end mini servers from OEM integrators, though the Minisforum model’s density and component flexibility set it apart. Overall, the MS-02 Ultra shows how far the brand’s SFF engineering has advanced since the MS-01, turning a well-liked prototype concept into a fully realized professional-grade workstation built for sustained heavy use.

Note – Massive thanks to PCWatch for their coverage of the Japan IT Week 2025 Event. They made an excellent article on the Minisforum MS-02 HERE and was the source for today’s article. Check them out!

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Minisforum MS-01 vs MS-A2 – Which Should You Buy?

Minisforum has steadily earned recognition in the compact workstation space, and the MS-01 stands as one of its most prominent entries. Released with a focus on balancing high-performance hardware in a small chassis, the MS-01 quickly found popularity among professionals needing powerful networking and scalable internals without the bulk of a full-sized desktop. It supports CPUs up to the Intel Core i9-13900H, includes dual 10GbE SFP+ ports, and provides expansion via a PCIe 4.0 x16 slot (operating at x8 speed), giving users access to discrete graphics or high-performance cards if needed. With three internal M.2 slots and support for up to 64GB of DDR5 memory, the MS-01 became a go-to mini workstation for users who value connectivity and component flexibility at a relatively modest price point.

In early 2025, Minisforum introduced the MS-A2 — a system clearly designed as a next-generation counterpart to the MS-01, but one that leans into AMD’s latest advancements. Featuring the Ryzen 9 9955HX processor based on the Zen 5 architecture, the MS-A2 offers more cores, more threads, faster base and boost clocks, and higher supported memory capacity, reaching up to 96GB DDR5 at 5600MHz. It also brings upgrades in memory bandwidth, M.2 storage speed (with all three slots supporting PCIe 4.0 x4), and internal thermal design. From a feature standpoint, the MS-A2 is positioned to meet or exceed the MS-01 in most categories — but it does so with a noticeable bump in price. Still, for users prioritizing top-end performance and storage throughput, the MS-A2 might justify the premium. The sections below break down how these systems stack up in real-world terms — not just on paper, but in actual deployment.

Minisforum MS-A2 vs MS-01 – Hardware Specifications Compared

At a glance, both the MS-01 and MS-A2 share a near-identical chassis, measuring 196×189×48mm and following Minisforum’s signature small form factor aesthetic. Internally, however, there are several notable differences that affect both systems’ expandability and long-term utility. Both devices feature three M.2 slots for high-speed NVMe SSDs, but only the MS-A2 supports full PCIe 4.0 x4 lanes on all three slots. By contrast, the MS-01 includes a single PCIe 4.0 x4 slot, one PCIe 3.0 x4 slot, and one limited PCIe 3.0 x2 slot. This directly impacts storage performance, especially for users aiming to run multiple high-throughput drives in parallel. In real terms, the MS-A2 allows up to three SSDs each capable of saturating 7,000MB/s read speeds, whereas the MS-01 will bottleneck in its second and third storage bays.

Specification	MS-01 (Intel Core i9-13900H)	MS-A2 (AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX)
CPU	Intel Core i9-13900H (14C/20T, up to 5.4GHz)	AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX (16C/32T, Zen 5, up to 5.4GHz)
GPU	Intel Iris Xe (96 EUs @ 1.5GHz)	AMD Radeon 610M (2 CUs @ 2.2GHz)
RAM Support	DDR5-5200MHz, up to 64GB (2x SO-DIMM)	DDR5-5600MHz, up to 96GB (2x SO-DIMM)
M.2 Storage	1x PCIe 4.0 x4 (2280), 1x PCIe 3.0 x4 (22110), 1x PCIe 3.0 x2	1x PCIe 4.0 x4 (U.2/2280), 2x PCIe 4.0 x4 (2280/22110)
Max Storage Capacity	Up to 15TB (U.2), 4TB (each 2280/22110 slot)	Up to 15TB (U.2), 4TB (each 2280/22110 slot)
PCIe Expansion	1x PCIe 4.0 x16 slot (x8 speed, half-height)	1x PCIe 4.0 x16 slot (x8 speed, split support)
Ethernet Ports	2x 10Gbps SFP+, 2x 2.5GbE RJ45	2x 10Gbps SFP+, 2x 2.5GbE RJ45
Wi-Fi & Bluetooth	Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.2	Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.3
Display Output	1x HDMI 2.0, 2x USB4 (Alt DisplayPort 1.4a)	1x HDMI 2.1, 2x USB-C (Alt DisplayPort 2.0, up to 8K@60Hz)
USB Ports (Front)	2x USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-A, 1x USB 3.2 Gen1, 2x USB 2.0	2x USB 3.2 Gen1 Type-A, 1x USB 2.0 Type-A, 1x Audio Jack
USB Ports (Rear)	2x USB4 (40Gbps), 1x USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-A, 1x USB 3.2 Gen1	2x USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-C, 1x USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-A, 1x USB 3.2 Gen1
Audio I/O	HDMI audio + 3.5mm combo jack	HDMI audio + 3.5mm 4-in-1 combo jack (input/output)
Cooling	1x CPU fan (12V), 1x SSD fans (5V)	1x CPU fan (12V), 1x SSD fans (5V)
Power Supply	19V DC input (external adapter)	19V / 12.63A (external adapter)
OS Support	Windows 11 Pro	Windows 11 / Linux
Chassis Dimensions	196 × 189 × 48 mm	196 × 189 × 48 mm
Additional Accessories	U.2 adapter, SSD heatsink, mounting hardware	Not specified

Both systems include a PCIe 4.0 expansion slot, which is a rare and welcome inclusion in mini PCs. On the MS-01, this slot is x16 physically but electrically operates at x8 speed and is suitable for half-height, single-slot PCIe cards. The MS-A2 retains this format but introduces PCIe bifurcation support, enabling more advanced setups with compatible cards — a notable advantage for developers or users building niche use cases like NVMe RAID or multi-GPU compute tasks in an edge environment. Additionally, memory support is slightly more capable on the AMD model, with the MS-A2 supporting up to 96GB of DDR5-5600 via two SO-DIMM slots, compared to the MS-01’s 64GB ceiling at DDR5-5200. This can make a tangible difference in virtualization or memory-intensive creative workflows.

In terms of connectivity, both units are very well equipped: dual 10GbE SFP+ ports, dual 2.5GbE RJ45, HDMI output, USB 3.2 Gen1/Gen2 Type-A ports, and USB4 (or USB-C with DisplayPort alt mode). The MS-A2 takes a slight lead in display output capabilities, supporting HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 2.0 over USB-C, compared to HDMI 2.0 and DisplayPort 1.4a on the MS-01. This means the AMD system supports 8K60 and 4K144 video streams natively. Wireless capability is also a step ahead on the MS-A2 with Wi-Fi 6E and Bluetooth 5.3, compared to the MS-01’s Wi-Fi 6 and Bluetooth 5.2. Altogether, while the MS-01 still holds up well a year after release, the MS-A2 offers clearly improved throughput, higher bandwidth components, and better display and wireless standards.

Minisforum MS-01 vs MS-A2 – CPUs Compared

The defining difference between the Minisforum MS-01 and MS-A2 lies in their processor choices: the Intel Core i9-13900H and the AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX, respectively. While both CPUs are built for high-end mobile performance and boast identical peak boost clocks of up to 5.4GHz, the underlying architecture and core configurations are markedly different. The i9-13900H uses a hybrid architecture with 6 performance cores and 8 efficiency cores, totaling 14 cores and 20 threads. In contrast, the Ryzen 9 9955HX employs 16 full-fledged performance cores and 32 threads based on AMD’s latest Zen 5 architecture. For users engaged in parallel processing tasks—such as 3D rendering, large-scale compilation, or virtualization—the extra cores and threads in the AMD chip deliver a tangible performance uplift.

Specification	AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX	Intel Core i9-13900H	Better Performer
Architecture	Zen 5 (TSMC 4nm)	Raptor Lake (Intel 7)	AMD (newer architecture, denser node)
Cores / Threads	16C / 32T	14C (6P+8E) / 20T	AMD (more cores and threads)
Base Clock	2.5 GHz	~3.1 GHz (P-cores, estimated)	Intel (higher base for performance cores)
Boost Clock	5.4 GHz	5.4 GHz	Tie
L2 Cache	16 MB	Part of total cache (not separated)	AMD (clearly larger L2 cache)
L3 Cache	64 MB	24 MB	AMD (much larger L3 cache)
TDP (Base / Max)	55W / 75W	45W / 115W	Depends (Intel boosts higher, AMD more efficient)
Integrated GPU	Radeon 610M (2 CUs @ 2.2GHz)	Iris Xe (96 EUs @ 1.5GHz)	Intel (much better GPU performance)
Memory Support	DDR5-5600, up to 96 GB	DDR5-5200, LPDDR5x-6400, DDR4/LPDDR4x	Intel (more flexible memory support)
PCIe Support	PCIe 5.0 (28 lanes)	PCIe 5.0 (CPU) + PCIe 3.0 (Chipset)	AMD (uniform PCIe 5.0 support)
Overclocking	Yes (Unlocked, PBO, Curve Optimizer)	No	AMD
Memory Overclocking	AMD EXPO	Intel XMP	Tie
Instruction Set	x86-64, AVX512, SSE4A	64-bit, AVX2, SSE4.2	AMD (supports AVX512)
Multithreading	Yes (SMT)	Yes (Hyper-Threading)	Tie
AI Acceleration	None	DL Boost, GNA 3.0	Intel (dedicated AI features)
Virtualization	AMD-V	VT-x, VT-d, VT-rp	Intel (more granular features)
Security Features	SHA, AES, SEV	TME, Boot Guard, Control-Flow Enforcement	Intel (broader security set)
Display Output	DP 2.0, HDMI 2.1	DP 1.4a, HDMI 2.1	AMD (newer DisplayPort version)
Graphics API Support	DirectX 12, HDMI 2.1, DP 2.0	DirectX 12.1, HDMI 2.1, DP 1.4a	Tie
USB Support	USB 3.2 Gen 2 (4), USB 2.0 (1)	Thunderbolt 4 (USB4), USB 3.2	Intel (Thunderbolt included)
RAID/NVMe Support	Boot, RAID0/1/10	Likely supported via chipset	AMD (more explicitly documented)
Thermal Headroom (TjMax)	100°C	100°C	Tie
Software Ecosystem	Windows/Linux, no vPro	Windows/Linux, vPro supported	Intel (enterprise-ready)
Smart Platform Features	SmartShift MAX, SmartAccess Memory	Thread Director, Adaptix, Speed Shift	Intel (broader platform-wide optimization)
Max Memory Speed (Type)	DDR5-5600	LPDDR5x-6400	Intel (higher speed supported)
ECC Support	Not specified	No	Tie (consumer chips)
Max Displays Supported	4	4	Tie
Target Segment	Gaming, Content Creation	AI Tasks, Office/Enterprise	Depends on use case

Zen 5 is a notable advancement over its predecessors, built on TSMC’s 4nm process and optimized for both performance and power efficiency. This gives the Ryzen 9 9955HX a structural advantage in multithreaded scenarios, with improved instruction throughput, cache handling, and memory bandwidth. The Intel Core i9-13900H, based on Raptor Lake and fabricated using Intel’s “7” process (a refinement of their 10nm SuperFin node), holds its own with mature thread management and strong single-thread performance. Its support for Intel’s Thread Director technology ensures efficient scheduling across its mixed-core layout, which can be beneficial in workloads like content creation and lightly-threaded business apps. However, the Ryzen chip’s unified core design tends to yield more predictable and consistent scaling when all threads are pushed simultaneously, reducing thermal spikes and improving overall sustained performance.

Thermal and power characteristics further highlight the gap between the two systems. Intel’s i9-13900H has a base power of 45W but can boost up to 115W under load, while AMD’s Ryzen 9 9955HX has a configurable TDP ranging from 55W to 75W. Although the Intel chip has a higher upper limit, in practice it tends to spike power draw during short workloads and then throttle back. In comparison, the Ryzen CPU maintains a steadier thermal and power profile over longer tasks. This behavior was reflected in sustained tests over one-hour and 24-hour windows under mixed network and compute usage: the MS-A2’s CPU performed more consistently, with lower long-term thermal build-up, aided by its upgraded internal fan design. Combined with support for up to 96GB of DDR5 memory versus 64GB on the MS-01, the MS-A2’s CPU configuration offers better overall headroom for demanding, sustained workstation use.

Minisforum MS-A2 vs MS-01 – Graphics and Processing Power Compared

Although the Minisforum MS-01 and MS-A2 are positioned as compact workstations rather than gaming rigs, integrated graphics performance still plays a role in determining their suitability for visual workloads, media playback, and GPU-accelerated tasks. The MS-01 leverages Intel’s Iris Xe graphics, which includes 96 execution units running at up to 1.5GHz. The MS-A2, on the other hand, features AMD’s Radeon 610M — a lightweight RDNA2-based iGPU with 2 compute units operating at 2.2GHz. While the AMD GPU has a higher clock speed on paper, the significantly larger number of execution units in the Iris Xe gives the Intel system a considerable edge in real-world performance. In benchmarks such as the Steel Nomad Light test, the MS-01 consistently delivered higher frame rates and better render completion times, particularly during prolonged sequences that tax the GPU.

This performance advantage was also evident in media encoding and general GPU-accelerated workloads. Intel’s integrated graphics tend to benefit from better driver maturity, wider codec support (particularly for Quick Sync Video), and improved handling in professional apps with Intel-optimized pipelines. Users working in environments involving light 3D rendering, accelerated video encoding, or virtual display compositing are more likely to see stable and consistent results from the MS-01’s iGPU. However, it’s important to note that neither device is intended to replace a discrete GPU for high-end graphical workflows. Their iGPUs are best suited for media playback, multi-monitor output, light rendering tasks, and as fallback units for headless server use.

That said, the MS-A2 reclaims ground when it comes to video output capabilities. While the MS-01 supports HDMI 2.0 and DisplayPort 1.4a via USB4, the MS-A2 steps forward with HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 2.0 over Type-C. This enables support for up to 8K at 60Hz and 4K at 144Hz, offering tangible benefits for users who rely on ultra-high-resolution displays or high refresh rate monitors in productivity setups. Professionals in video editing, CAD work, or photography may find that this broader standard support gives the AMD model a longer shelf life as display technologies advance. In broader processing terms, the MS-A2’s superior CPU — the Ryzen 9 9955HX — delivers more overall compute performance, particularly in multi-threaded applications. But for users with GPU-reliant workloads or who value stability across legacy software environments, the MS-01’s Iris Xe graphics make a compelling case. Ultimately, choosing between the two comes down to workload distribution: CPU-heavy environments favor the MS-A2, while mixed or GPU-skewed tasks lean toward the MS-01.

Minisforum MS-01 vs MS-A2 – Conclusion and Verdict

After evaluating both systems across CPU architecture, internal connectivity, storage bandwidth, and thermal performance, it becomes clear that the Minisforum MS-01 and MS-A2 cater to slightly different segments of the same professional user base. The MS-01, despite being over a year old, still offers a well-balanced configuration with mature Intel performance, reliable thermal behavior, and excellent compatibility with existing Intel-optimized software. Its Intel Core i9-13900H processor delivers solid single-core performance and responsive handling in mixed-load scenarios, particularly when combined with Iris Xe graphics that outperform AMD’s 610M in general GPU-accelerated tasks. When paired with dual 10GbE SFP+ ports, 2.5GbE RJ45, and PCIe expansion, the MS-01 provides considerable functionality in a highly compact chassis — all at a more affordable starting price than its AMD counterpart.

However, the MS-A2’s specification gains are more than just incremental. It introduces a newer CPU platform with significantly higher multi-threaded performance, better storage throughput via triple PCIe 4.0 x4 M.2 slots, and wider memory support scaling up to 96GB at 5600MHz. These improvements position the A2 as a clear upgrade in raw compute potential. Enhanced display output support, including HDMI 2.1 and DP 2.0 over USB-C, adds flexibility for users deploying ultra-high-resolution or high-refresh-rate monitors in content creation, design, or data visualization environments. Furthermore, the updated internal cooling system — subtle in layout but effective in long-term thermal consistency — ensures the AMD-based system maintains sustained performance under extended workloads. While the MS-A2 demands a higher upfront investment, it delivers longer-term value for users running multi-threaded software stacks, high-speed storage arrays, or heavy virtual machine workloads. In essence, the MS-01 is still a dependable and well-priced workstation that meets the needs of a wide user base. But the MS-A2 redefines Minisforum’s performance ceiling with broader bandwidth, more compute power, and enhanced scalability. For users focused on future-proofing, heavier workloads, or maximizing hardware capability within a small form factor, the MS-A2 is the more capable — if more expensive — option. Your choice ultimately comes down to whether cost or capability is the higher priority in your deployment.

Minisforum MS-01 Pros and Cons	Minisforum MS-A2 Pros and Cons
Lower Price Point The MS-01 is considerably more affordable than the MS-A2, making it a better value for users with lighter or mixed workloads. → The MS-A2 demands a premium due to its higher-end specs, which may not be fully utilized in typical home or office deployments. Superior Integrated Graphics (Intel Iris Xe) With 96 execution units, the Iris Xe GPU in the MS-01 outperforms the Radeon 610M in the MS-A2 for media encoding, driver stability, and general GPU-accelerated workloads. → The MS-A2’s Radeon 610M has only 2 compute units and is weaker in rendering, encoding, and professional visual tasks. Thunderbolt 4 and Mature USB4 Support The MS-01 offers USB4 with DisplayPort 1.4a and Thunderbolt compatibility, which ensures greater peripheral compatibility and broader bandwidth for external devices. → The MS-A2 lacks Thunderbolt and uses USB-C ports with DisplayPort 2.0, which are better for displays but more limited in external expansion options. More Established Intel Software Ecosystem Features like Intel vPro, Thread Director, and DL Boost make the MS-01 better suited to enterprise, AI inference, and compatibility with legacy Intel-tuned workloads. → The MS-A2 is newer but lacks mature support for certain enterprise features like vPro or AI-specific instructions. Limited Storage Bandwidth Only one of the three M.2 slots runs at PCIe 4.0 x4; the others run at PCIe 3.0 x4 and x2. This bottlenecks multi-drive setups or RAID configurations. → The MS-A2 supports PCIe 4.0 x4 on all three M.2 slots, enabling full-speed NVMe performance on every drive. Lower Memory Capacity and Speed Supports up to 64GB DDR5 at 5200MHz. This limits RAM-heavy workloads like virtualization or large dataset handling. → The MS-A2 supports up to 96GB DDR5 at 5600MHz, giving it better headroom for demanding memory scenarios. Solid GPU Performance Stability The MS-01 performs better under GPU-accelerated tasks due to more mature graphics drivers and better software integration (Quick Sync, Adobe, etc.). → MS-A2 may suffer compatibility or driver limitations in older applications or video pipelines.	Much Higher CPU Performance The Ryzen 9 9955HX delivers 16 cores and 32 threads, far exceeding the MS-01’s i9-13900H with 14 cores (6P+8E) and 20 threads. This gives the MS-A2 a major edge in rendering, VMs, and parallel workloads. → The MS-01 holds its own in lightly threaded or bursty workloads but falls behind in sustained multi-core tasks. Full-Speed NVMe Across All Storage Bays All three M.2 slots run at PCIe 4.0 x4 speeds, which is ideal for users building high-speed RAID arrays or multi-disk configurations. → The MS-01’s mixed PCIe generation slots limit throughput and performance scaling with multiple drives. Higher RAM Capacity and Bandwidth The MS-A2 supports up to 96GB DDR5-5600, making it more suitable for VM clusters, code compilation, or large creative project workflows. → The MS-01 tops out at 64GB DDR5-5200, which may become a limiting factor in future-proofing. Advanced Display Output Support The MS-A2 features HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 2.0, allowing up to 8K60 or 4K144Hz. Ideal for users with high-res displays or multi-monitor setups. → The MS-01 is limited to HDMI 2.0 and DP 1.4a, which caps out at 4K60 in most scenarios. Weaker Integrated GPU (Radeon 610M) The 2CU RDNA2 iGPU in the MS-A2 underperforms compared to the Iris Xe in the MS-01 in encoding tasks, graphical acceleration, and some professional media pipelines. → The MS-01 offers better iGPU performance and is more compatible with widely used software stacks. Higher Price for the Same Chassis While offering better specs, the MS-A2 comes at a significantly higher price for a similar form factor and port layout, making it less cost-efficient for users not needing its full capabilities. → The MS-01 delivers solid value for money and remains a competitive mini workstation despite being a generation older. Improved Thermal Efficiency and Sustained Load Performance A redesigned internal cooling layout in the MS-A2 provides better performance consistency under long-term stress compared to the MS-01, which can throttle during extended workloads. → The MS-01’s cooling is competent but may experience more thermal spikes under 24/7 heavy use.

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