Who Are IceWhale, Is ZimaOS a Legitimate NAS Software Player, and Are They Ready? An Interview with Lauren Pan, IceWhale CEO

IceWhale is one of the youngest companies in the self-hosting space, yet its operating system, ZimaOS, has rapidly become one of the most discussed alternatives to established NAS platforms. Built on an immutable Linux foundation with a strong emphasis on user experience, ZimaOS aims to combine the approachability of turnkey systems with the flexibility of DIY hardware. Behind that vision is Lauren Pan, the founder and CEO of IceWhale, whose team previously created CasaOS and later shifted focus to a more scalable and controlled platform in ZimaOS. Now that the brand has begun it’s roll out of it’s $29 lifetime license, it has now become apparent that this plucky start up needs to be taken alot more seriously, as well as be weighed critically in the same way other long-established NAS software platforms are.

So, during a recent visit to Shenzhen, I sat down with Lauren for an extended conversation about the origins of ZimaOS, the challenges of building a modern NAS operating system, the company’s rapid growth, and how the wider NAS industry is being reshaped by new players, security expectations, and AI-driven workloads. This interview captures his perspective on product design, community involvement, security, the evolution of the market, and IceWhale’s long-term ambition to bring personal servers into everyday households.

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When you began building the operating system back in 2021 with a very small founding team, what were those early days like and what were you aiming to create?

In 2021 the early team was only four members. I found our final CTO at that time, and we started to build the official design. At the beginning we were passionate and wanted to build a comprehensive, robust and customizable operating system for home lab users and tech-savvy people. But after three months, when we reviewed our progress, it was terrible. Even in the early stages you could tell there was something there because it was so light. That lightness was the biggest appeal for many people.  If you didn’t know what you were doing it was a great gateway into experimentation and learning. For people who did know what they were doing, the lightweight design made it flexible. In the first three months we honestly didn’t know exactly what we were building. We pivoted fast. We spent about a month researching Reddit, watching community videos including yours, and we realised people needed a lightweight, easy-to-use command line to set up a home server. That’s where the idea for CasaOS came from.

Fast-growing and successful products come from very sharp product insight. After that insight, the next phase is delivering high quality and building a good reputation through community feedback. This is core to our product methodology.
When we target a feature or user value, we don’t immediately invest heavy development resources. Instead, we speak with community members, moderators, and creators like you. We learn, and listen to how you see things, and watch user experience live on screen.

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How big is the IceWhale team today?

Right now we have 35 members. Recently, because ZimaOS has been growing so fast, the operational pressure is high. Our downloads and user base are increasing quickly. So in the coming months we plan to expand the team to around 50 people. The purpose is to continue delivering high-quality support to the community. Our download numbers and user base are growing very fast, and that creates a lot of operational pressure. That is why we are expanding the team significantly. Supporting the community with high-quality responses is one of our top priorities, and growth in the next few months is focused on providing that support.

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Why create ZimaOS when CasaOS already existed?

There are two main reasons. First, product direction. CasaOS is very open and we maintained it for more than two years with no license and free global access. However, as the process continued, we gradually realized that relying solely on the existing system architecture could no longer fully meet future requirements in terms of performance, scalability, and stability.. After deep internal discussion, we decided to build the OS from scratch rather than using Debian or mergerFS. This way, we can fully control quality and stability at the infrastructure layer. In 2023 we studied Home Assistant, Raspbian, and best practices in Linux. We built ZimaOS from the buildroot foundation, choosing our own kernel packages and implementing an immutable design. Users cannot modify system files because we focus on stability for daily use. But since many users still want to tinker, we layered Docker Compose on top.

Second, business sustainability. CasaOS used Apache 2.0 licensing because at that time no Chinese company was building a home server OS. We benefited hugely from open-source, so we needed to give back. But some companies began using CasaOS to build their own commercial products. To create a sustainable business cycle we needed a platform we could fully control, and that became ZimaOS.

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What is IceWhale doing to handle vulnerabilities responsibly?

We rely on GitHub and created a CVE reporting program. We announced it to the community, and anyone can report security issues. Internally, our development team handles these reports through a structured process. Every Monday we review all community feedback, including security issues, reliability problems, and feature requests. In the last two weeks, especially after your video, installations increased rapidly and so did feedback.

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Would you consider a security bounty program?

We are considering it. We need to strengthen our internal capabilities first. Bounty programs can attract both ethical hackers and opportunistic users, but they also help prevent widespread damage. Also, we are still very early into our funding sustainability to commit to something this large.

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A lot of people were surprised that ZimaOS is only 29 dollars for a lifetime license. How did you arrive at that price?

The pricing comes from the founding team’s expectations about the market. The NAS industry is still mostly limited to tech-savvy users, but we see a different future. We believe that in the next ten years everyone will have a personal or home server for daily use, home automation, and personal agents. If you evaluate the current NAS market at around one million users, then pricing at 300 dollars, like some competitors, makes sense because their investment is huge. But if you believe the market will grow far beyond that small base, then pricing it at 29 dollars makes much more sense. We think the market will not remain limited to only a few million users.

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Crowdfunding from companies like UGREEN has shown how quickly the market can shift when a new player enters the market. Do you think that changed industry expectations towards Chinese products?

UGREEN is a great example. Before their launch I spoke with people at several major brands and many were not worried. They thought UGREEN had no experience and would go nowhere. Then they raised 6.5 million dollars and sold 12,000 units. That was a lot of market share disappearing very quickly. This has really opened the door to a shake-up of private server ownership. In videos, you’ve often talk about control, flexibility, and personal ownership of data. This is core to the philosophical foundation for ZimaOS. When people want to host something themselves, they need full control. I don’t want users to be limited by a specific brand. They should decide how to manage their data, how to customise their apps and services, and how to extend computing power with GPU or 10 GbE. That purpose is at the core of ZimaOS.

We learned from the community that people need flexibility. At the same time, learning technical skills is still hard, so we also provide complete products like ZimaBoard and ZimaCube. This means users can get started quickly if they want an out the box solution. The industry is changing. Traditional NAS brands may move into higher tiers and ignore the bottom tier. New players will reshape the value and mid-range segments. The market will expand, but many brands are not ready for rapid shifts like AI integration.

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Would you consider adding surveillance features to ZimaOS?

Not yet. The surveillance market is very large and specialised. Right now we are focused on building a reliable core operating system.

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Some New and Entry level users find the USB installation process or migration away from an existing NAS to ZimaOS the only difficult steps. How do you plan to address that? Would you consider pre-bootloader-ready USB sticks for retail? Or specific Synology-to-ZimaOS migration tool?

I agree. Installation is still the biggest barrier for beginners. We are considering better solutions, including pre-prepared media, streamlined installation tools, and future hardware that removes the need for external installation completely. Making that first step easier is important. The idea of a installation-ready official USB with the license ready loaded makes alot of sense, and definitely something we can consider and explore, thank you. With branded migration tools, that is another very good idea. Migration is one of the biggest concerns for users switching from turnkey NAS systems. A dedicated migration tool could completely open the door for them. We should do that.

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Will CasaOS be retired any time soon?

No. We consider CasaOS our LTS version. We will continue fixing bugs and maintaining it. There is no CasaOS 2.0 planned at the moment. Its main advantage is ARM compatibility, which few other NAS operating systems support.

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Will there be a new ZimaCube?

Yes. In the next three months we will upgrade ZimaCube to the M2 version and announce it soon. It’s an improvement, not ZimaCube 2.0, more like a plus model. It will replace the existing version entirely. The positioning of ZimaCube was right, but I don’t think we made the first generation good enough to compete with new market entrees. So we focused heavily on improving the details while keeping the price. However, ZimaCube priced between 600 and 1200 dollars is still too expensive for the broader market and entry level, so we are investigating internally a product called “Zima Mini” to target the two-bay and four-bay market. More on that in 2026.

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Where do you want IceWhale and ZimaOS to be in five years?

Our vision is to serve more than 400 million households and bring a personal or home server to every family. In five years we want IceWhale to be positioned clearly as an operating system company rather than a hardware company. That has become very clear in the last two years.

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What moment made you most proud in the IceWhale journey?

There was a moment two years ago, when CasaOS reached around ten thousand community members. In China many people don’t care much about privacy or self-hosting, so when I told local investors that I wanted to build a NAS and open-source OS, they didn’t understand why. They thought we didn’t need it. But when the GitHub project took off, when the Discord community grew, and when users started creating mods without ever speaking to us, I realised they understood exactly what we were building. They understood the vision even though I never explained it publicly. That moment validated everything. It reminded me why I founded the company.

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ZimaOS est une distribution Linux basée sur Debian, conçue pour simplifier l’auto-hébergement et enrichir les fonctionnalités des NAS en DIY. Jusqu’ici proposée gratuitement, la solution évolue avec l’arrivée de ZimaOS+, une déclinaison payante facturée 29 $ pour une licence à vie. Cette évolution marque un tournant important pour l’équipe derrière le projet, qui cherche à renforcer la pérennité et les capacités de son système face aux besoins croissants des utilisateurs…

CasaOS et ZimaOS : 2 approches complémentaires

CasaOS est déjà bien connu des amateurs d’auto-hébergement. Il s’agit d’un ensemble d’outils offrant une interface simple et élégante, permettant de gérer facilement des applications et des services. Contrairement à ce que son nom pourrait laisser penser, CasaOS n’est pas un système d’exploitation à part entière : il vient se superposer à Debian ou Ubuntu par exemple.

ZimaOS, en revanche, est une véritable distribution basée sur Debian. Elle se configure automatiquement en fonction du matériel détecté. Après installation et redémarrage, l’utilisateur dispose immédiatement d’un système opérationnel, avec CasaOS intégré et prêt à l’emploi.

L’équipe derrière ces projets commercialise également du matériel dédié : ZimaBoard et ZimaCube, conçus pour accompagner leur écosystème logiciel.

Un changement de modèle économique : ZimaOS+

Il y a quelques jours, l’éditeur a annoncé l’arrivée de deux déclinaisons : ZimaOS et ZimaOS+. Cette dernière est proposée avec une licence à vie facturée 29 $. Un choix qui traduit un changement de cap : passer d’un modèle gratuit uniquement à l’arrivée d’une offre payante.

Pourquoi ce virage ? Tout simplement parce que développer un système d’exploitation complet, fiable et sécurisé demande des ressources : du temps, des équipes compétentes et… du financement.

Voici ce que dit l’éditeur :

• Choisissez ZimaOS si vous êtes un particulier, un amateur ou un utilisateur occasionnel qui a besoin des fonctions NAS de base, du déploiement d’applications simples et d’une prise en charge multi-utilisateur basique.
• Choisissez ZimaOS+ si vous gérez une configuration familiale, une petite équipe ou un studio de création où un stockage illimité et la prise en charge de plusieurs utilisateurs sont essentiels.

Lors de son annonce initiale, la version gratuite de ZimaOS devait s’appeler ZimaOS CE (Community Edition) et comporter plusieurs restrictions : 10 applications maximum, 4 disques et 3 utilisateurs. Finalement, la mention CE a disparu (tout comme la mention Plus remplacée par +) et la limite sur le nombre d’applications a été levée (voir capture ci-dessus).

Les limites actuelles de ZimaOS

Si ZimaOS et CasaOS séduisent par leur simplicité, ils restent encore éloignés d’un usage professionnel avancé.
Quelques exemples :

• La gestion des utilisateurs est limitée. Il est certes possible d’en créer, mais tous disposent des mêmes droits que l’administrateur.
• Les machines virtuelles ne peuvent pas encore être sauvegardées, migrées ou redéployées.

En l’état, ZimaOS n’est pas à « jeter », loin de là. Mais il reste un système jeune, encore incomplet, qui doit évoluer pour répondre à des besoins plus exigeants.

Quelle place pour ZimaOS face aux géants du secteur ?

Certains articles comparent déjà ZimaOS à DSM (Synology), QTS (QNAP) ou encore ADM (Asustor). La comparaison est tentante, mais elle reste largement prématurée.

ZimaOS en est à ses débuts, tandis que DSM et ses concurrents disposent de plusieurs années de maturité, d’un large catalogue de fonctionnalités et d’un écosystème éprouvé. Pour filer la métaphore automobile : mettre en parallèle ZimaOS et DSM revient à comparer une 2CV à une Porsche. Les deux permettent de rouler, mais l’expérience n’a rien de comparable.

Cela ne retire rien au charme et à la pertinence de ZimaOS pour les passionnés de NAS DIY. Mais pour un usage intensif et professionnel, DSM, QTS ou ADM conservent aujourd’hui une nette avance.

Faut-il parier sur ZimaOS ?

ZimaOS apporte une alternative intéressante sur un marché de niche : celui des systèmes d’exploitation dédiés aux NAS en DIY. La mise en place d’un modèle payant peut être perçue comme une contrainte, mais elle traduit aussi une volonté de pérenniser le projet. L’avenir dira si l’équipe saura transformer cette base prometteuse en un écosystème robuste, capable de rivaliser avec les solutions établies.

Si vous avez déjà adopté (ou testé) ZimaOS et CasaOS… n’hésitez pas à nous partager votre expérience en commentaire !

fnOS Beta Review – Should You Keep an eye on Feiniu NAS OS?

Feiniu Private Cloud, better known by its system name fnOS, is a closed-source Chinese NAS operating system currently in public beta. Developed by a small team of self-described NAS enthusiasts, fnOS is marketed as a “genuinely free” NAS solution for domestic users in China and is designed to run on standard x86 PC and NAS hardware. It offers media management tools, AI-powered photo categorization, Docker container support, RAID configurations, and an app ecosystem — all within a graphical user interface that resembles several other recent Chinese NAS solutions. The system is rooted in a Debian-based Linux distribution and aims to provide plug-and-play functionality for users seeking an alternative to more established platforms like DSM, QTS, or TrueNAS.

However, fnOS arrives with notable caveats. As a closed-source system with minimal public documentation, there is currently no way to verify its internal processes, telemetry behaviour, or long-term data integrity protections. Moreover, its security architecture lacks advanced features like two-factor authentication, iSCSi, ZFS or hardened remote access protocols that have fast become an industry standard of many other NAS software options in the market.

Language support outside of Simplified Chinese is also not fully implemented, creating potential navigation barriers for international users. While the interface and features may seem appealing on the surface, fnOS is still in a formative stage — and with it come the usual risks of data loss, unpatched vulnerabilities, and limited user support. As this review will show, fnOS represents a curious blend of innovation, imitation, and potential. But its closed nature, beta status, and regionally restricted development raise several questions about its readiness for use beyond a testing environment.

Disclaimer for Users Considering fnOS Right Now

Anyone considering the use of Feiniu Private Cloud (fnOS) should do so with full awareness of the risks inherent in testing an early-stage, closed-source operating system. Although the software is being actively developed and presents a relatively complete GUI with numerous features, it remains in public beta. The system has not yet undergone broad public scrutiny, independent code audits, or transparent vulnerability testing, making its real-world reliability uncertain. The developers themselves have issued formal cautions, explicitly stating that the beta version may cause system crashes, compatibility problems, or data loss. Users should avoid deploying fnOS on primary NAS systems, in business environments, or on any hardware storing valuable or irreplaceable data. Thorough offline backups should be made prior to installation, and any testing should be performed in a non-critical sandbox environment. The system’s UI is currently presented almost entirely in Simplified Chinese, with no comprehensive English language support available at this stage. Translation tools such as Google Lens or Microsoft Edge’s built-in translation functions may offer partial usability, but navigation and configuration still present challenges for non-Chinese speakers.

Security considerations are especially important. fnOS lacks industry-standard safeguards such as two-factor authentication, secure portal client tools, and deeper role-based access controls. There is also no detailed public disclosure about how the system handles network traffic, cloud synchronization, or metadata collection, which is a point of concern given its integration with AI services and remote access features. At present, it is unclear whether any telemetry or user analytics are sent back to the developers, and the absence of source code prevents community verification. In summary, fnOS should be treated as experimental software. While it may offer a glimpse into emerging trends in the Chinese NAS market and present intriguing ideas around media organization and local AI integration, users must approach it with caution and a strong understanding of the security and stability limitations that accompany early-stage, proprietary platforms.

Design and UI

The user interface of fnOS is visually structured and attempts to emulate the layout seen in many modern NAS operating systems, with clear menu segmentation and app-like modularity. Upon installation, users are presented with a desktop-style environment that includes access to system configuration, storage management, multimedia tools, and containerized applications.

Navigation is conducted through a web browser, and the interface features icon-driven panels that mirror the design language of platforms like DSM (Synology) or QTS (QNAP), albeit with some localization quirks. Despite its early-stage development, the UI demonstrates a coherent structure that is functional, if not yet polished.

However, the current implementation suffers from language accessibility issues. The interface is only available in Simplified Chinese, and efforts to translate the interface using automated tools like Google Translate are mostly ineffective, as it relies on dynamic rendering elements that these tools cannot parse. Microsoft Edge’s translation feature performs better but still results in fragmented grammar and partially translated system prompts. This creates a substantial usability barrier for non-Chinese speakers, particularly when trying to configure advanced settings such as RAID arrays, user permissions, or application environments.

In terms of responsiveness and performance, the UI behaves relatively smoothly even on modest hardware. Common actions such as creating storage volumes, configuring shares, or launching apps execute without visible lag. While some buttons and system prompts may feel incomplete or imprecise due to beta status, core layout principles like logical menu placement and centralized settings are well applied. The overall experience suggests that while fnOS is clearly designed with user convenience in mind, it is not yet refined enough for a wide international audience.

Services and Features

fnOS provides a wide array of features targeting home media consumption, local data storage, and remote accessibility. One of its most promoted capabilities is its media handling, with built-in applications for organizing video, music, and photos. The system includes automatic metadata scraping for movies and TV shows, AI-driven facial and object recognition for photo libraries, and a basic music playback utility.

These media apps mimic the functionality of solutions like Plex or Jellyfin, offering poster walls, subtitle downloads, and transcoding options. However, it should be noted that many of the multimedia tools are proprietary adaptations or containers wrapping existing open-source tools rather than purpose-built innovations.

The system also integrates AI-driven services at the local level. The photo application includes features like character-based photo aggregation and image search via text input. Users can select from multiple AI models depending on resource availability and desired recognition accuracy, though it’s not entirely clear whether these models run exclusively offline or leverage external processing. While the integration appears functional, it is not yet well-documented, and the practical use cases are still limited by the interface’s language barriers and overall beta stability.

fnOS includes standard NAS features such as RAID configuration (supporting levels like RAID 0, 1, and 5), SSD caching, and storage expansion. It uses BTRFS or EXT4 as file system options, with support for snapshot creation on BTRFS volumes. Network protocols such as SMB3, NFS, FTP, and WebDAV are available, with multi-channel SMB enabled by default.

There is also a built-in file manager allowing basic copy, move, download, and sharing functions, including time-limited and password-protected links. While ZFS is not supported, the storage tools provided are sufficient for basic to intermediate users familiar with RAID and shared folder management.

The included App Center is container-based and supports various community and utility applications. Notable entries include Qbittorrent, Jellyfin, Transmission, Alist, Portainer, and Chromium, alongside more region-specific tools like 115 Network Disk and Baidu Cloud integration.

The application store largely reflects popular Dockerized solutions and offers minimal documentation on integration specifics. fnOS also includes a rudimentary virtual machine manager, which allows for Windows VM creation via ISO files, though functionality is basic.

Backup tools support both local folder sync and remote NAS replication, but third-party cloud sync is limited in scope and likely tied to domestic Chinese services.

 

Pros and Cons of fnOS?

One of the most notable strengths of fnOS is its broad feature coverage for a beta-stage NAS operating system. Despite being early in its development, it includes many of the core functions expected from a modern NAS platform: multi-tiered RAID support, snapshot capabilities (via BTRFS), Docker-based application hosting, multimedia indexing, and even virtual machine support.

For home users interested in media storage, the built-in tools for automatic metadata scraping and subtitle acquisition, combined with basic transcoding support, make it a practical solution for centralized media access — particularly when paired with a TV interface or mobile app.

The inclusion of AI-powered image recognition and customizable AI models in the photo management application is another area where fnOS differentiates itself. Users can configure local facial and object recognition models to assist in organizing large photo libraries, and even perform text-based image searches. While this isn’t entirely unique in the NAS market, the ability to select from different AI models and the implementation of geolocation tagging and facial clustering demonstrates that the development team is thinking beyond basic storage functionality. It suggests potential for future expansion into smart content management if development continues at pace.

However, fnOS also presents several clear drawbacks. Security remains underdeveloped, with no support for two-factor authentication, no publicly available information on encryption practices, and limited visibility into how data is handled or transmitted over the network.

While SSL certificates and basic firewall tools are present, the absence of fine-grained user permission structures or auditing functionality makes it unsuitable for multi-user environments or deployments where data privacy is a primary concern. Additionally, remote access services built into fnOS are proprietary and undocumented, which raises further questions for users concerned about trust and control over their network.

Another key limitation is the lack of proper language support and international readiness. At the time of writing, the UI is only available in Simplified Chinese, and the developers have not confirmed a timeline for multilingual support, also highlighting that this will be phased into a paid/commercial use version. This, combined with limited documentation and forum discussion outside of Chinese-speaking communities, makes troubleshooting and adoption by non-Chinese users significantly more difficult. Moreover, as a closed-source system, fnOS cannot benefit from the auditing, forking, and community patching practices that open-source NAS platforms rely on to maintain user trust and long-term sustainability.

Conclusion and Verdict of fnOS NAS Software

fnOS represents an ambitious attempt to build a full-featured, home-friendly NAS operating system from the ground up, targeting a domestic Chinese audience first and foremost. Its functionality is surprisingly broad for a beta, covering storage management, AI-powered media organization, Docker app deployment, and local VM hosting. However, its closed-source nature, limited language support, and undeveloped security framework make it unsuitable for deployment outside controlled test environments. For users within China who are technically confident, aware of the risks, and seeking a free, self-managed solution, fnOS may have appeal. For international users, particularly those prioritizing transparency, privacy, or robust security, fnOS remains a curiosity—not yet a contender.

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Summary: fnOS Beta – Pros and Cons

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This description contains links to Amazon. These links will take you to some of the products mentioned in today's content. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Visit the NASCompares Deal Finder to find the best place to buy this device in your region, based on Service, Support and Reputation - Just Search for your NAS Drive in the Box Below

Need Advice on Data Storage from an Expert?

Finally, for free advice about your setup, just leave a message in the comments below here at NASCompares.com and we will get back to you. Need Help? Where possible (and where appropriate) please provide as much information about your requirements, as then I can arrange the best answer and solution to your needs. Do not worry about your e-mail address being required, it will NOT be used in a mailing list and will NOT be used in any way other than to respond to your enquiry. [contact-form-7] TRY CHAT Terms and Conditions   Alternatively, why not ask me on the ASK NASCompares forum, by clicking the button below. This is a community hub that serves as a place that I can answer your question, chew the fat, share new release information and even get corrections posted. I will always get around to answering ALL queries, but as a one-man operation, I cannot promise speed! So by sharing your query in the ASK NASCompares section below, you can get a better range of solutions and suggestions, alongside my own.

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