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UniFi Dream Router 7 Review – REALLY Worth $279?
26 février 2025 à 18:00

UniFi Dream Router 7 Review – REALLY Worth $279?

NAS Compares

Par : Rob Andrews

26 février 2025 à 18:00

UniFi Dream Router 7 Review

When it comes to the hardware in your network environment, UniFi has always been one of those companies where you are either fully invested in practically every network appliance in its ecosystem or have nothing to do with it. A UniFi ecosystem is designed to allow you to easily and efficiently manage your entire network environment. In recent years, the brand has expanded beyond simple network appliances into a lot more IoT and client-edge tech found in homes and offices, further expanding this ecosystem. In the last year alone, we’ve seen them double down on surveillance, introduce network-attached storage, open up third-party hardware integration, and more. Today, I want to discuss their latest router, the UniFi Dream Router 7 (UDR 7), a new scaled-up 10G and WiFi 7 refresh of their existing WiFi 6 desktop-style router. Arriving at the mid-range price of around $279, it sits comfortably between affordable entry-level WiFi 7 routers from the likes of TP-Link while significantly undercutting pricing of bigger network routers from Amazon, Netgear, and Asus. Arriving with the UniFi Network and Router operating systems, as well as support for numerous UniFi software appliances, the UDR 7 marks a significant step up for comparatively domestic routers as we enter the seventh generation of wireless connectivity. Can this router be used in your network alongside non-UniFi equipment? And will this router serve you long-term as your client hardware scales up in line with modern tech innovation? Let’s find out.

UniFi Dream Router 7 Review – Quick Conclusion

As appealing as the UniFi router and network software that this system is bundled with are, the main praise I have to give the UDR 7 is that everyone is going to feel the benefits of this router in their network at this price point. The small compromises it has compared to the previous UDR system (such as fewer PoE ports) are immediately outweighed by its versatility, which would be hard to find at a better price elsewhere. The fact that all LAN ports are 2.5G and that the two WAN/LAN ports are 2.5G and 10G SFP+ respectively puts this router massively ahead of most competitors in the sub-$300 market. Equally, support for the UniFi Protect surveillance software and the included WD Purple SD card storage are nice extras that you don’t commonly find elsewhere—let alone the inclusion of a PoE 2.5G port. The router and network management software is, of course, quintessentially UniFi in its presentation. Striking a balance between usability and information is a tough challenge, and the UniFi software almost succeeds. It excels in its presentation and management via the mobile app, though the desktop UI could be a touch more intuitive. How could you make wireless and wired network management truly user-friendly? That said, the UDR 7 is a genuinely WiFi 7-ready router, offering 2×2 6GHz coverage and taking advantage of all the frequency and bandwidth benefits afforded to true WiFi 7 6GHz clients. Add a simple $20 USB WiFi 7 adapter to your system, and you can immediately enjoy base-level 2.8Gbps wireless connectivity, scaling this up substantially with the right WiFi 7 wireless NICs. Even if you’re not in love with the UniFi software platform or handing management of your services over to Ubiquiti’s remote services, you can still set up the device without a UI.com account. You do not need to deploy it with UniFi Network equipment, and VPN and encrypted protocol services can still be managed via popular third-party options if preferred.

Buying a router for your home or business instead of relying on the one supplied by your ISP can often feel like an unnecessary expense. However, considering the price point and the network advantages the UDR 7 provides, I believe this system is worth it. Some of its services might require additional polish over time, and greater network capabilities on this router will be realized as technology progresses, but I wholeheartedly recommend the UDR 7 for the majority of setups.

BUILD QUALITY - 10/10

HARDWARE - 9/10

PERFORMANCE - 9/10

PRICE - 8/10

VALUE - 9/10

9.0

PROS

WiFi 7 Support – Offers Genuine 6GHz connectivity with 320MHz channels, enabling faster speeds and lower latency.

Multi-Gig Networking – Includes three 2.5GbE LAN ports and a 10GbE SFP+ WAN/LAN port, making it highly future-proof.

Comprehensive UniFi Software – Provides robust network management features, including VLANs, QoS, IDS/IPS security, and VPN support.

Integrated UniFi Protect Support – Comes with a pre-installed 64GB WD Purple SD card, allowing local video storage for security cameras.

Flexible WAN/LAN Configurations – Supports dual WAN for failover or load balancing, or repurposing the 10GbE SFP+ port as LAN.

High Customization & Security – Offers advanced firewall controls, application-aware filtering, and in-depth traffic analytics.

User-Friendly Mobile App – Easy setup and management via the UniFi mobile app, with intuitive controls and real-time monitoring.

No UI.com Account Required – Can be set up locally without requiring an online UniFi account, providing more control over network privacy.

CONS

Limited PoE Support – Only includes one PoE-enabled 2.5GbE port, which may be a drawback for users looking to power multiple UniFi cameras or access points.

6GHz Band Availability Varies by Region – While WiFi 7 delivers significant improvements, the 6GHz spectrum and 320MHz channels may not be fully available in all areas, limiting real-world performance.

Not the Most Budget-Friendly Option – Although competitively priced for a WiFi 7 router, there are still more cost-effective alternatives on the market, especially for users who don’t need UniFi’s ecosystem.

Where to Buy

UniFi Dream Router 7 (UDR7) – $279 HERE

UniFi Express 7 (UX7) –$199 HERE

UniFi Cloud Gateway Fiber (UCG-FIBER) – $249 HERE

Feature	Specification
Processor	Quad-Core ARM Cortex-A53, 1.5GHz
Memory	3GB DDR4
Storage	SD Card Slot (64GB WD Purple SD Card pre-installed)
WiFi Standard	WiFi 7 (802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be)
MIMO Configuration	2×2 (2.4GHz, 5GHz, 6GHz)
Maximum Throughput	2.4GHz: 688Mbps 5GHz: 4.3Gbps 6GHz: 5.7Gbps
LAN Ports	3x 2.5GbE (Port 1 PoE)
WAN Ports	1x 2.5GbE WAN/LAN 1x 10GbE SFP+ WAN/LAN
Security Features	– Signature-based IPS/IDS – Application-aware firewall – Content, domain, ad, and country filtering
QoS	– WiFi QoS with UniFi APs – Application, domain, and country-based QoS
VPN Support	– WireGuard, L2TP, OpenVPN server – OpenVPN client – IPsec and OpenVPN site-to-site – One-click Teleport and Identity VPN
Firewall	Full stateful firewall with advanced rules
Segmentation	VLAN and subnet-based traffic segmentation
Internet Failover	LTE backup support
DHCP Features	DHCP relay and customizable DHCP server
IPv6 Support	Yes
IGMP Proxy	Supported
Bluetooth	For setup
LCD/LCM Screen	Integrated
Physical Dimensions	110 x 110 x 184.1 mm
Weight	1.1kg
Encryption Standards	WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA-Enterprise (WPA/WPA2/WPA3)
Max SSIDs	8 per radio frequency/channel
Other Capabilities	– License-free SD-WAN – Application and device identification – Internet quality and outage reporting

UniFi Dream Router 7 Review – Design

The UniFi Dream Router 7 arrives in the same pretty and aesthetically eye-catching packaging as most UniFi products do. The fold-out cardboard packaging does a great job of protecting the device in transit while still looking absolutely great.

The unit is held tightly in custom multi-part card plus foam, and the power cable and small accessory kit are located in their own compartment at the bottom. I say accessory kit, but what there is is simply a two-pin power connector, a small manufacturer’s warranty booklet, and a pin. That’s really it. The router is designed with the software already preloaded in the system and is pretty much good to go as soon as you plug it into the power and connect your existing internet connection into an SFP RJ45 WAN port.

It is very different in design to pretty much every other router in the market, although a touch similar to that of the Apple or Amazon routers. UniFi has bolstered the existing design of the previous router/capsule style of devices and has simply scaled things up a little bit here with improved cooling and venting. It’s actually surprisingly compact for the amount of connectivity it has to offer.

The front of the system is also remarkably understated, though it does feature a small LCD panel that gives real-time information about active traffic utilization on the system. This is not exactly groundbreaking, but it does add to the aesthetic style and is arguably more than a lot of routers give you in the market anyway.

Flipping the device around shows us a bevy of network connections, and I’ll be honest—what there is to see is (brackets mostly closed brackets) absolutely fantastic for a router at this price, but more on that in a bit. The base of the system features a WPS button for easy connections just like you would find on the majority of other routers, as well as additional ventilation to keep things cool when the system’s in operation. I’m not really in love with the idea of the router not featuring much in the way of LEDs, and I do wonder about the temperatures of this system when you’re utilizing all four 2.5G connections and the 10G at once (not to mention all of those antennas running 6GHz connections). Certainly, I might have my reservations about deploying a router like this in a closed cupboard or non-ventilated location.

Instead of individual LEDs that denote connection, health, and internet health, the system instead uses a rather attractive ring color system at the top of the router that denotes the health and connectivity of an internet connection. Again, I think I would much rather have a little bit more front-mounted visualization of what’s going on with the individual connections rather than the streamlined LCD and internet LED indicator at the top, but I also know that, as more of a network systems addict, I do not represent most users. All in all, the design is exactly what you would expect from a UniFi product and does manage to cram a lot in while still maintaining a very unique and appealing aesthetic. However, there is quite a lot of hardware packed under the bonnet here; let’s discuss the ports and connectivity on this system.

UniFi Dream Router 7 Review – Ports and Connections

The previous UniFi Dream Machine Router stood out from a number of other WiFi 6 routers in the market thanks to its affordable price point and support for 2.5G WAN and PoE network connections. Now, the new UDR 7 scales things up in almost every way—but the one area it doesn’t improve upon may annoy some. For now, though, let’s discuss the default network connectivity.

There are five physical ports on the rear of the UniFi Dream Router 7. There are four copper 2.5G connections and a 10G SFP connection. Three of the 2.5G connections are dedicated LAN ports, each of which supports up to 279MB per second active connectivity.

There is then a further 2.5G optional WAN or LAN port, also in copper, that can have its utilization configured in the UniFi router software as needed. With an increase in greater-than-gigabit speeds around the world, alongside traditional ISP routers arriving with 2.5G ports for these higher-speed services, the fact that the default is 2.5G is going to be hugely appealing.

However, the UDR 7 also benefits from the inclusion of a 10G SFP connection, much like a number of premium-priced WiFi 7 routers, but at more than half the price. This is particularly useful as it too can be set as needed as a WAN port or a LAN port. That means the user can decide whether they want to directly pipe a high-speed fiber connection straight into the router to be shared across the other four 2.5G connections (covering the bulk of that 10G input), or leave this port as a LAN port for 10G NAS connectivity. That’s pretty useful and definitely advantageous in terms of scalability and long-term future-proofing as internet services in your home or business increase over time and the network capability of the appliances you buy likewise improves. This is a fantastic base-level network connection setup on the UDR 7. Once again, at $279, it makes it particularly appealing.

However, a little bit of good news/bad news is that, although the UDR 7 features a PoE port, it only features a single PoE copper output compared to the two PoE connections of the previous generation router. As the UDR 7 supports the installation of the UniFi Protect surveillance software (something we’ll touch on later), there are definitely going to be users a little disappointed that the ease of deploying PoE cameras directly into the router has been effectively halved here. This is especially disappointing now that UniFi Protect supports third-party PoE cameras too. Likewise, with an increase in PoE-ready accessories and devices from UniFi being released, some may find it a bitter pill to swallow that this new router has diminished this rather unique selling point of the previous generation UniFi router.

One interesting extra feature of the UniFi Dream Router 7 is that it features a microSD slot that arrives pre-populated with a 64GB card. This card is used in conjunction with the previously mentioned surveillance services and means that this router serves adequately as an alternative to a UniFi Dream Machine Pro or UNVR (albeit on a much smaller storage scale) for recording domestic surveillance cameras and keeping your footage. Another small note here: no one would have blamed UniFi if they’d included domestic SD cards that just happened to have the UniFi logo on them. Indeed, I don’t think anyone would have judged UniFi harshly if they hadn’t included an SD card at all! Nevertheless, this WiFi 7 router not only includes an SD card at no additional cost, but it is a WD Purple surveillance-designed SD card. Fair play.

In terms of WiFi connectivity, the router arrives with support for the 2.4GHz, 5GHz, and WiFi 7-specific 6GHz bands at 2×2. Equally, thanks to the opening of the 320MHz frequency blocks and multi-stream capabilities of WiFi 7, individually connected WiFi 7-ready appliances have the potential to not only exceed legacy physical gigabit LAN connections but achieve multiple times that speed.

For example, utilizing a simple budget $20 USB 6GHz WiFi 7 adapter from AliExpress, I was immediately able to create a direct 2.8Gbps WiFi connection between my Windows 11 laptop and the UniFi Dream Router 7. That is even greater than the physical 2.5Gbps connections on the router.

Let’s dig a little deeper into the wireless capabilities of this router and what it can and cannot do.

UniFi Dream Router 7 Review – Internal Hardware

The UniFi Dream Router 7 is built with a quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 processor clocked at 1.5GHz, paired with 3GB of DDR4 memory. This hardware configuration supports advanced networking functions such as multi-gigabit data throughput, VLAN segmentation, and application-aware security features. The DDR4 memory ensures improved performance and energy efficiency compared to older memory standards, which is crucial for delivering consistent and reliable network performance under load. The router’s CPU architecture is well-suited for multitasking, enabling it to handle multiple operations simultaneously without significant performance bottlenecks. In terms of real-world performance, the quad-core processor and 3GB of memory enable the Dream Router 7 to meet the demands of modern home and small-business networks.

The processor handles resource-intensive tasks like VPN connections, quality-of-service (QoS) adjustments, and advanced intrusion detection systems (IDS) efficiently. The ample memory capacity supports features such as traffic segmentation, advanced firewall configurations, and a high number of concurrent devices, especially over WiFi 7, which allows for faster speeds and improved device management compared to previous wireless standards. When compared to the UniFi Dream Router with WiFi 6, the newer model provides notable hardware enhancements. The older version includes a dual-core processor and 2GB of DDR4 memory, which are sufficient for many home networks but may struggle with more complex setups or environments with multiple high-bandwidth devices. The Dream Router 7’s additional CPU cores and larger memory capacity ensure better scalability and smoother performance when running advanced networking tasks or handling a larger number of connected devices. This makes the newer model more suitable for users with high-performance requirements or future-proofing in mind.

Feature	UniFi Dream Router 7	UniFi Dream Router (WiFi 6)
Processor	Quad-Core ARM Cortex-A53, 1.5GHz	Dual-Core Processor
Memory	3GB DDR4	2GB DDR4
WiFi Standard	WiFi 7 (802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be)	WiFi 6 (802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax)
MIMO Configuration	2×2 (2.4GHz, 5GHz, 6GHz)	2×2 (2.4GHz, 5GHz)
Max Throughput	2.4GHz: 688Mbps 5GHz: 4.3Gbps 6GHz: 5.7Gbps	2.4GHz: 600Mbps 5GHz: 2.4Gbps
LAN Ports	3x 2.5GbE (1 PoE)	4x 1GbE
WAN Port	1x 2.5GbE / 1x 10GbE SFP+	1x 1GbE
Storage	64GB SD Card (included)	No pre-installed storage

The improvements in the UniFi Dream Router 7 align with the growing needs of users who demand robust network performance, advanced features, and support for emerging technologies like WiFi 7. Its enhanced CPU and memory configuration allows for better multitasking, improved throughput, and reliable operation in demanding environments. These hardware upgrades ensure the router is capable of handling both current and future network demands efficiently.

UniFi Dream Router 7 Review – Software and Controls

Realistically, no one should be spending inordinate amounts of time using the software that your router arrives with – that’s just a simple fact. Indeed, you want you router (or any network appliance) to just do it’s job! Therefore talking about just how good the UniFi network software is, and how the UniFi Dream Router 7 capitalized on it, is going get a mixed reaction depending on your own level of network knowledge and custom requirements. I will say straight away though that you will really, REALLY struggle to find a more capable and flexible router software at this price point. You will struggle to find ANY setting, config, adjustable parameter of control measure not included with the UDR7. First off, there is the mobile application. As the UDR7 hosts the UniFi network software, ALOT of the iOS and Android official UniFi applications are supported by the UDR7.

Firs time setup of the router using the mobile application (you can use a desktop machine with your web browser if you prefer of course) is incredibly straight forward. The Router can be found via the local area network or Bluetooth within 2 minutes of it’s first power-on. One big misconception (I was guilt of this too a while back) was that you have to register a UI.com account online in order to use UniFi appliances. This is NOT true. You can set the device up without a UI account (and even WITHOUT an internet connection) and doing so just needs to you create a local administrator account. It is recommended to use a UI account of course, as it allowed for easier comms and access for your larger Unifi network, but it is by no means compulsory. You can also create a system backup (with your config data of users, settings, SSIDs, etc) and backup online if you choose – and then easier pull this backup if you wish during initialization easily.

Upon creating local credentials or resisting an online account, the router performs an initial internet performance test and then goes about setting up your router. Much like other recent UniFi releases, the system has a ‘gamer’ style installation screen that shows tips and guides on how to get the most out of your router – very rare in a router I will say.

The setup process takes around 2-3 minutes and after that, you have pretty much FULL control and access to the Router’s configuration from your mobile phone. You can definitely tell that UNiFi have put the hours in with regard to the UX of the mobile application. Routers (and switches for that matter) are NOT easy systems to try and simplify – let along ocndence in a compact mobile UI. However they really have excelled in the latest version of their software.

Management of individual devices on the network are all presented intuitively in the app, and alongside their position/priority/bandwidth/consumption being presented, you can also use the app to institute controls and rules for 1, some or all devices on the fly – with instant implementation. Again, it’s no the fact that you can ‘do’ this that I am impressed by, it is the ease and intuitive way it is presented in a mobile app.

The same applies to the physical connections and wireless connections on the UDR7 itself, with full remote control with the app to bridge, negotiate, failover, vLAN, disable, etc any port easily – as well as create new SSIDs, assign channels and push client devices around on the router side in 3-4 clicks. All of this is performed responsively and easily in the app.

On the subject of client devices, let’s discuss that WiFi 7 support. WiFi 7 opens up ALOT of performance and general bandwidth advantages. WiFi routers and client devices have been around now for around 10-12 months, as well as the increase in availability globally of greater than Gigabit internet services. Most internet service providers have already a router with their services – but not many provide WiFi 7 routers with their services, even at greater than gigabit speeds. So, what is the advantage? For the quicker (ish) version, watch my video below.

Now, you might well not have any devices right now that are WiFi 7, but plan on upgrading to WiFi 7 at some point in the further over a PCIe upgrade card. Even if you are using a system that lacks a PCIe upgrade clot, you can get small m.2 upgrade cards for a WiFi 7 / 802.11be upgrade for as little as $15-20 here. Hell, you do not even need to open up your system, as you can now get WiFi 7 to USB adapter upgrades for as little as $25-30, which is exactly what used when testing the router with my Windows 11 laptop for the earlier testing of the UDR7.

The USB-to-WiFi 7 Adapter I used in my testing of the UDR7 was this one HERE on Aliexpress.

This USB to WiFi 7 adapter allowed for immediate 802.11be connectivity between my laptop and the UniFi Dream Router 7, over the now available 6Ghz band. Although there is more to WiFi 7 and this router than just that additional frequency. tHE udr7 SUPPORTS 2.4Ghz and 5ghz (just like all WiFi 6 and 6E routers), but crucially alongside the 6Ghz band allowing for more active concurrent connections, you are also able to take advantage of 320Mhz bandwidth (till now WiFi 6/6E only allowed for up to the 160Mhz connections). This means that you have a greater bandwidth per connection – though you can only have a finite amount of connections at 320Mhz at once. This is COMBINED with WiFi allowing for overlapping connections too and 1 device enjoying multiple connections at once.

This means that not only can you match the speed of a normal wired gigabit connection, but you can ABSOLUTELY SMASH IT! As you can see below, using this USB adapter on my regular windows laptop, connecting to the UniFi Dream Router 7 over the 6Hz band – I was able to hit 2.8Gb/s wireless connectivity!!! That is even faster than using one of the physical 2.5GbE connections on the UDR7.

It’s worth remembering though that WiFi 7 is NOT perfect and although it presents a lot of benefits for bandwidth improvements, reduced latency and increased encryption options, support of the wider frequencies and abilities of a larger WiFi 7 populated network are still a little ‘early days’.

By that, I mean that although you can hit high performance with 320Mhz connections, the actual radio frequency opened up right now (depending on your region) is pretty slim. The UDR7 router DOES show you the full radio spectrum, separated dynamically with each 20/40/80/160/320Mhz block that is spread across 2.4/5/6Ghz – but ALOT of it is still unavailable to use in many regions.

These limitations are likely going to reduce over time and, therefore you have to look at a decent % of the WiFi capabilities of the UniFi Dream Router 7 as ‘future proofing’ – but just keep in mind that although you can deploy ALOT of wireless (and wired) devices in a UDR7 managed environment, those peak 802.11be/WiFi 7 bandwidth improvements are going to be shared only by a few client devices – in reality the real benefits are going to be felt with the opening up of the 6Ghz frequency allowing for more devices to be spread over all three frequencies and bands at 80/160Mhz.

Anotehr note to keep in mind is that the 6Ghz band has a shorter area of effect than 5Ghz (which likewise has a shorter area than WiFi 5). So WiFi7 is at it’s best in closer proximity without walls – more as a cable alternative if you are in the same areas as your UniFi router. But when I connected to a 10GbE NAS (connected to the 10GbE port of my UDR7), I was able to hit 187MB/s write easily (though read performance was oddly inconsistent – possibly related to the NAS, still investigating – TBC) in CrystalDiskMark.

Likewise, similar testing with the WiFi 7 USB Adapter, through the UDR7 and at the 10GbE connected NAS hit 260MB/s+ easily. Once again, I would have easily respected this if I had been connecting with the NAS using the 2.5GbE ports – but I am hugely impressed that I was able to hit this benchmark over a WiFi connection (thanks to that 2.8Gbps 6Ghz setup). Respect!

Additionally it is very easy to monitor the position, WiFi coverage, Channel and performance of any device connected to the UDR7 controller software. Also allowing you to create rules o the fly to automatically manage them later as/when devices arrive.

These same controls also extend all the way down to the ISP input of the UDR7 AND IF YOU HAVE MULTIPLE uNIfI AP/Nodses in your setup, can control how/where bandwidth is allocated and the priority of devices/nodes that are unique to your own deployment.

The dashboard features a grouped UI and analytics overview that allows you to see the price traffic that is going into a physical LAN, grouped VLAN or just a single devices on the network – allowing you to see the sites/services/geo data in real time too!

And likewise as before, you can extent these analytics all the way to the root UDR7 router to see EVERYTHING happening in realtime in your network and internet connectivity.

Blacklisting (and whitelisting occasionally) or certain websites is also easy to action manually when needed too – or you can import an existing database of ‘bad’ site lists directly into the UDR7 to simplify the process.

Once rules, priorities, orders of services and limits have been created, you can then apply them to individual devices, networks, groups, vLANS, etc – even to a physical LAN port if needed. These rules are completely customizable and if 1 parameter is changed on the fly, it immediately actions across all selected devices.

It’s also worth highlighting that UniFi has its own enterprise user identity service (‘Identity Endpoint’) that you can apply to devices if you want to ensure that connected devices on the LAN or WAN are truly secure (client auth tools on each device) and this extends to the VPN and UniFi network client device access too.

I also should stress that although the UDR7 seems like a very, VERY proprietary router – UniFi do NOT lock you into having to create an account with them or use only their services. You can set the system up for LOCAL ONLY management and control if you choose. Or even hybrid the two and create 1 secure ‘Identity Endpoint sys admin’, but others are ‘local’ only – nice balance tbh.

And new users (super user or billy basic!) can be created, modified and deleted at any time!

Control and configuration of the UDR7 are very straight forward and there are pretty high end configuration options in the backend of the system to control both the local network setup, as well as WiFi connectivity out the box (or added later in the case of systems like the UCG Fiber via the U7/U7 Pro/U6).

And professional SI’s/Technicians can set the system to ‘truly open’ if they wish, and this can be securely controlled as needed. This allows for opening up frequencies in the case of a WiFi setup down the road and advanced settings related to antenna gain/adaption.

The system configuration and control are surprisingly extensive for a $279 router and puts it well, well into the realms of an enterprise-grade solution, despite its Prosumer/SMB price point.

Unsurprisingly, the UDR7 has internet speed test tools (either using the native web browser GUI or the WiFiman application for Android/iOS).

But its goes further, with the ability to monitor the packet management in your network (covered earlier) to such as extent that you can even block the server calls to specific sites/vendors that are going through the UniFi manager and block them SPECIFICALLY. Eg, want to keep google services, but NOT YouTube (either for work/professional reasons, or because of your kids homework deadline?) – you can do that REALLY easily.

And you can apply these rules easily and analytics with ease via the topographical network monitoring window. So you can visually see the devices in the network, then apply the rules, in case a new device gets sneakily added to circumnavigate any limits/restricts in palce.

And if you see a sudden spike in internet use, you can (in seconds) isolate the device that is causing it AND see what it is – allowing yo to block/monitor as needed.

Equally, you can set some pretty extensive security provisions to pre-emptively kick in when an unknown device arrives on the scene, or if an existing device in the network begins to be suspicious.

The same goes for creating day 1/100 rules for port forwarding, traffic management and Firewall rules. All of this is HUGELY customizable and most pages in the UniFi GUI feature both ‘simple/easy’ views, as well as much more complex advanced views as needed at the top of each page.

The multiple LAN ports can also be scaled up/down as needed if your existing network is not quite ready for the full network connectivity of the UDR7 too.

And thanks to the UDR7 featuring multiple WAN ports, you can decide how you want to handle multiple ISP services into your home/business, to separate/combine/balance between them with ease across your connected devices.

Additionally, each WAN port can be adjusted to a ‘WAN’ or ‘LAN’ roles as needed – even disabled. So, whether it is as a failover internet connection, or that you want to free up that 10GbE port for use as a LAN – The choice is yours!

Also, as mentioned earlier, as the system supported internal storage via the slot, you can go ahead and run UniFi Protect surveillance software too – as well as as an additional switch to the available LAN ports, for cameras or add a camera to the POE port.

There are actually several different surveillance, communications, display or smart appliances in the UniFi portfolio that can be installed on the internet storage drive + also means you have more scope for that POE ready port.

It gets to a point (perhaps) that there are TOO many security and configuration options, and people looking for just a router to ‘just do it’s job’ will be somewhat overwhelmed. Most of the important settings are already set pretty well, but I never the less recommend first time buyers take the time to explore the configuration options present in order to better understand what they are buying here in terms of it’s abilities to protect your network and internet services.

This extends right the way down to the more advanced prevention and intrusion protection measures (Dark Web blocking too). Again, pretty advanced for many, but take the time to look through them if you purchase the UDR7.

And if in doubt, you can use the UniFi Teleport VPN service to anonymize your site-to-site exchanges (again, very ‘first party’ and more about SD-WAN level stuff, but does form part of the purchase here).

Also, keep in mind that the UDR7 has the option to create Airgaps in it’s wired network AND WiFi connectivity (if you want to add that) that allows you to create automated access times – especially useful for businesses who want to lock down access outside of the usual 9-5 operational hours.

If you want to use WiFi services, yo can create multiple SSIDs of varying degrees of access – and yes, all the controls on security, speed, antenna, frequency, vLAN, etc are all present here too.

When creating those VLANS, you can add specific physical ports, IDs, WiFi APs etc to that vLAN to segregate your network as securely as possible.

And from there you can adjust the vLAN configuration in terms of it’s smooth operation and security directly from the network management panel (as well as view all active vLANS on one page if needed to see how they interact/clash + show each device you have moved in/out of them easily.

And again, all packet management/monitoring are available within the vLAN if you need.

If this all sounds tremendously intimidating, there is a much, MUCH easier 1 panel view in the ‘Insights’ tab that just shows each current network branch and it’s connections/clients in a list format.

Not good enough? How about a global view that shows the data packet exchange in real time with regard to each region (i.e worried that your data is being harvested to an overseas location, this will show you which countries are currently connected with on your UDR7 for upload/download (websites? server? It’s easy to check and find out here!).

Bottom line – the bulk of the UniFi Control Software here is available on the majority of UniFi Router, Express, Cloud Gateway and Dream Machine devices – but the EXTENT to which you can use it is heavily dependent on the device you buy. In the case of the UDR7, you have a fantastic balance of Day 1 control sure, but you have an even better management and scalability on the system for when your ISP services double/triple, as well as the number of devices in your network expand.

UniFi Dream Router 7 Review – Conclusion and Verdict

The UniFi Dream Router 7 (UDR 7) is a well-rounded offering that brings WiFi 7 connectivity, multi-gig networking, and UniFi’s robust software ecosystem into a single package. Its combination of 2.5GbE LAN ports, a 10GbE SFP+ WAN/LAN port, and built-in UniFi network management tools make it a compelling option for users looking to future-proof their network without stepping into enterprise pricing. Features such as VLAN segmentation, VPN support, and content filtering provide a high level of customization for both home and small business users. However, the router’s design choices—such as the removal of an additional PoE port from its predecessor—may limit its appeal for those heavily invested in UniFi’s surveillance ecosystem.

While the UDR 7 shines in many areas, it is not without drawbacks. The router’s software, while feature-rich and highly configurable, may be overwhelming for users who simply want a plug-and-play experience. The reliance on UniFi’s ecosystem means that those who prefer third-party integrations may not fully benefit from its capabilities. Additionally, despite its strong WiFi 7 performance, the real-world benefits of the 6GHz band will depend on device compatibility and regulatory limitations, which are still evolving. The absence of more detailed LED indicators and the reliance on a single PoE port may also be seen as minor inconveniences for users who expected more from this mid-range offering.

Overall, the UniFi Dream Router 7 offers an excellent balance of performance, features, and pricing, making it a solid choice for users looking to upgrade to WiFi 7 and multi-gig networking. Its strong hardware, extensive software options, and future-proofing potential make it a standout option in the sub-$300 price range. However, its best value is realized within a UniFi-centric network, and those seeking broader third-party compatibility or simpler setups may need to weigh their options carefully.

PROS

CONS

WiFi 7 Support – Offers 2×2 6GHz connectivity with 320MHz channels, enabling faster speeds and lower latency.
Multi-Gig Networking – Includes three 2.5GbE LAN ports and a 10GbE SFP+ WAN/LAN port, making it highly future-proof.
Comprehensive UniFi Software – Provides robust network management features, including VLANs, QoS, IDS/IPS security, and VPN support.
Integrated UniFi Protect Support – Comes with a pre-installed 64GB WD Purple SD card, allowing local video storage for security cameras.
Flexible WAN/LAN Configurations – Supports dual WAN for failover or load balancing, or repurposing the 10GbE SFP+ port as LAN.
High Customization & Security – Offers advanced firewall controls, application-aware filtering, and in-depth traffic analytics.
User-Friendly Mobile App – Easy setup and management via the UniFi mobile app, with intuitive controls and real-time monitoring.
No UI.com Account Required – Can be set up locally without requiring an online UniFi account, providing more control over network privacy.

Limited PoE Support – Only includes one PoE-enabled 2.5GbE port, which may be a drawback for users looking to power multiple UniFi cameras or access points.
6GHz Band Availability Varies by Region – While WiFi 7 delivers significant improvements, the 6GHz spectrum and 320MHz channels may not be fully available in all areas, limiting real-world performance.
Not the Most Budget-Friendly Option – Although competitively priced for a WiFi 7 router, there are still more cost-effective alternatives on the market, especially for users who don’t need UniFi’s ecosystem.

Where to Buy

UniFi Dream Router 7 (UDR7) – $279 HERE

UniFi Express 7 (UX7) –$199 HERE

UniFi Cloud Gateway Fiber (UCG-FIBER) – $249 HERE

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4sysops
Install an iSCSI Server on Windows Server 2025
12 février 2025 à 16:29

Install an iSCSI Server on Windows Server 2025

4sysops

Par : Markus Elsberger

12 février 2025 à 16:29

Installing an iSCSI server on Windows Server 2025 enables the creation of scalable and flexible storage solutions by presenting remote drives as locally accessible resources. This guide provides a step-by-step approach to deploying an iSCSI server, configuring iSCSI virtual disks, and establishing connections to iSCSI targets from a client. Additionally, it examines the advantages and potential limitations of the iSCSI protocol.

NAS Compares
Not Getting 10GbE Speed? 20 Fixes and Solutions
10 février 2025 à 18:00

Not Getting 10GbE Speed? 20 Fixes and Solutions

NAS Compares

Par : Rob Andrews

10 février 2025 à 18:00

20 Ways to Improve Your 10GbE Network Speeds

Upgrading to 10GbE networking should, in theory, allow you to achieve 1GB/s (1000MB/s) network speeds, unlocking ultra-fast data transfers for large files, backups, and high-performance applications. However, many users find that real-world performance falls far short of these expectations. Instead of the seamless, high-speed experience they anticipated, they encounter slower-than-expected speeds, inconsistent performance, and unexplained bottlenecks that limit throughput.

Whether you’re using a NAS, a 10GbE switch, or a direct PC-to-NAS connection, numerous factors can influence network performance. These can range from hardware limitations (such as underpowered CPUs, slow storage, or limited PCIe lanes) to misconfigured network settings (like incorrect MTU sizes, VLAN issues, or outdated drivers). Even the quality of your network cables and transceivers can play a crucial role in determining whether you’re getting the full 10GbE bandwidth or suffering from hidden bottlenecks.

In this guide, we’ll explore TWENTY common reasons why your 10GbE network might not be delivering full speeds, along with detailed fixes and optimizations for each issue. Each point is carefully explained, ensuring that you can identify, diagnose, and resolve the specific problems affecting your network performance. Whether you’re dealing with a NAS that isn’t reaching expected speeds, a 10GbE adapter that’s underperforming, or a switch that isn’t behaving as expected, this guide will help you troubleshoot step by step, so you can fully unlock the potential of your 10GbE network.

1. (Obvious one) Your Storage is Too Slow to Keep Up with 10GbE Speeds

The Problem:

One of the biggest misconceptions about 10GbE networking is that simply having a 10GbE network adapter means you will automatically get 1GB/s speeds. However, your actual storage performance is often the bottleneck. Most traditional hard drives (HDDs) have a sequential read/write speed of only 160-280MB/s, meaning that a single drive cannot fully saturate a 10GbE connection. Even with multiple HDDs in a RAID array, performance may still fall short of 1GB/s due to RAID overhead and the limitations of mechanical disks.

For example, if you have a 4-bay NAS with standard 7200RPM hard drives in RAID 5, you may only reach 500-600MB/s, which is half the potential of your 10GbE network. The situation gets worse if you are using RAID 6, as the additional parity calculations introduce a write performance penalty.

The Fix:

Switch to SSDs: If you need consistent 10GbE performance, you will need SSDs instead of HDDs. Even four SATA SSDs in RAID 5 can saturate a 10GbE connection (~1GB/s read/write).
Use NVMe Storage for Maximum Speeds: If your NAS supports NVMe SSDs, using them will provide 3-5GB/s speeds, which far exceeds 10GbE bandwidth.
Optimize RAID Configuration:
- RAID 0 offers maximum speed, but no redundancy.
- RAID 5 or RAID 10 is the best balance for speed and data protection.
- RAID 6 is great for redundancy but can severely impact write performance.

How to Check Disk Speeds:

Run a disk speed test to verify if storage is the issue:

Windows (CrystalDiskMark)

Download and install CrystalDiskMark.
Select your storage volume (NAS drive, local SSD, etc.).
Run a sequential read/write test.
If speeds are below 1GB/s, your storage is the bottleneck.

Linux/macOS (dd Command)

dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/testfile bs=1G count=5 oflag=direct

This writes 5GB of data to test sequential write speeds.
Check the MB/s value after the test completes—if it’s below 1000MB/s, your storage is too slow.

2. Your SSDs or NVMe Drives Are Running at Lower PCIe Speeds

The Problem:

Even if your NAS or PC is using SSDs, you might not be getting full speeds due to PCIe lane limitations. Some NAS devices throttle M.2 NVMe SSDs to PCIe 3.0 x1 or x2, which caps speeds at 800-1600MB/s—not enough to fully saturate a 10GbE connection.

This issue is particularly common in budget-friendly NAS systems and motherboards where multiple M.2 slots share bandwidth with SATA ports or other PCIe devices. Even high-speed SSDs like the Samsung 980 Pro (7000MB/s rated speed) will be bottlenecked if placed in an underpowered slot.

The Fix:

Check PCIe Lane Assignments:
- Some motherboards share PCIe lanes between M.2 slots and other components (e.g., GPU, SATA ports).
- Move your NVMe SSD to a full x4 slot for maximum speed.

Linux/macOS (Check PCIe Speeds)

lspci -vvv | grep -i nvme

Look for PCIe x1 or PCIe x2—this means your SSDs are not running at full bandwidth.

Windows (Check with CrystalDiskInfo)

Download CrystalDiskInfo.
Look for the PCIe link speed in the SSD details.

If speeds are lower than expected, try moving the SSD to a different M.2 slot or checking BIOS settings to enable full PCIe bandwidth.

3. You’re Using DRAM-less SSDs (HMB-Only SSDs Can Throttle Speeds)

The Problem:

Not all SSDs are created equal. Some budget SSDs lack DRAM cache and instead rely on Host Memory Buffer (HMB), which offloads caching duties to system RAM. While this design helps reduce costs, it also means significantly lower sustained write performance.

For a single SSD, this might not be an issue, but in a RAID configuration, the problem worsens as multiple drives compete for system memory. DRAM-less SSDs also tend to overheat faster, leading to thermal throttling, further reducing performance.

The Fix:

Use SSDs with DRAM cache: High-performance SSDs like the Samsung 970 EVO, WD Black SN850, and Crucial P5 Plus have dedicated DRAM to prevent slowdowns.
Monitor SSD temperatures:
- If SSDs are overheating (above 70°C), use heatsinks or active cooling.
Check SSD type in Windows:
1. Open Device Manager → Expand Disk Drives.
2. Search your SSD model online—if it lacks DRAM, it could be a performance bottleneck.

4. Your Switch is Not Actually 10GbE (Misleading Switch Descriptions)

The Problem:

Many users unknowingly purchase “10GbE” switches that only have limited 10GbE ports. Some switches advertise 10GbE speeds, but only one or two ports support it, while the rest run at 1GbE.

It’s also possible that your NAS or PC is plugged into a non-10GbE port, creating an invisible bottleneck.

The Fix:

Check the switch model’s specifications to confirm the number of true 10GbE ports.
Log into your switch’s admin panel and confirm the port speeds:
- If using Netgear, Ubiquiti, or Cisco, log in and check the port status.
- If using a managed switch, run the following command via SSH:
  
  show interfaces status
- Look for 10G/10000M to confirm that the port is running at full speed.

Windows (Check Network Speed)

Open Control Panel > Network and Sharing Center.
Click on your 10GbE adapter → Check Speed (should show 10.0Gbps).

If your switch only has 1-2 ports at 10GbE, you may need to reconfigure your network layout or upgrade to a full 10GbE switch.

5. You’re Using the Wrong Ethernet Cables (Cat5e vs. Cat6/Cat7)

The Problem:

Not all Ethernet cables can handle 10GbE speeds over long distances. If you’re using Cat5e, performance drops significantly after 10 meters.

The Fix:

Use at least Cat6 for short runs (up to 30 meters).
Use Cat6a or Cat7 for long runs (30m+).
Inspect cables—cheap or old cables may not be rated for 10GbE.

How to Check Your Cable Type

Look at the cable jacket—it should say Cat6, Cat6a, or Cat7.
If the cable does not specify, assume it’s Cat5e and replace it.

If using fiber, make sure your SFP+ transceivers are rated for 10GbE—many cheap adapters are 1GbE only.

6. Your Network Adapter is Using the Wrong Driver or Firmware

The Problem:

Even if you have a 10GbE network adapter installed, outdated or incorrect drivers can limit speeds or cause inconsistent performance. Many network cards rely on manufacturer-specific drivers for optimal performance, but some operating systems may install generic drivers that lack key optimizations.

This issue is common with Intel, Mellanox, Broadcom, and Aquantia/AQC NICs—especially if they were installed manually or came pre-installed with a NAS or prebuilt server.

The Fix:

Check your network adapter model:
- Windows: Open Device Manager > Network Adapters and find your 10GbE NIC name.
- Linux/macOS: Run the following command to list your installed NICs:
  
  lspci | grep Ethernet
Update the driver manually:
- Windows: Go to the manufacturer’s website (Intel, Broadcom, Mellanox, etc.) and download the latest driver.
- Linux: Update using ethtool:
  
  sudo ethtool -i ethX # Replace ethX with your network interface
Check and update NIC firmware: Some network cards require a firmware update for full 10GbE support. Many Aquantia NICs, for example, need firmware updates to fix link speed negotiation issues.
Ensure your OS isn’t using a generic driver:
- In Windows, open Device Manager, right-click the NIC, and select Properties > Driver. If it says Microsoft Generic Adapter, update it manually.
- In Linux, check driver details with:
  
  ethtool -i ethX
  
  If the driver is a generic kernel driver, install the manufacturer’s official driver.

7. MTU (Jumbo Frames) is Not Set Correctly

The Problem:

By default, most network devices use a 1500-byte MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit). However, 10GbE networks can benefit from larger packet sizes (9000 bytes, known as Jumbo Frames). If one device has Jumbo Frames enabled but another doesn’t, packets get fragmented, leading to lower speeds, higher latency, and increased CPU usage.

The Fix:

Enable Jumbo Frames (MTU 9000) on All Devices:
- Windows:
  - Go to Control Panel > Network and Sharing Center > Change Adapter Settings.
  - Right-click your 10GbE adapter, select Properties > Configure > Advanced.
  - Set Jumbo Frame / MTU to 9000.
- Linux/macOS:
  
  sudo ifconfig ethX mtu 9000
- NAS:
  - Synology: Go to Control Panel > Network > Interfaces > Edit and set MTU to 9000.
  - QNAP: Go to Network & Virtual Switch > Interfaces > Jumbo Frames.
Check MTU Settings on Your Switch:
- If your switch does not support MTU 9000, disable Jumbo Frames or upgrade the switch.
Verify MTU Configuration:
- Run a ping test with large packets:
  
  ping -f -l 8972 NAS_IP
  
  If the packets fragment, MTU isn’t properly configured.

8. Your NAS or PC CPU is Too Weak to Handle 10GbE Traffic

The Problem:

Even if you have fast storage and a 10GbE adapter, a low-power CPU can bottleneck network performance. Many NAS devices use ARM-based or low-end Intel CPUs (e.g., Celeron, Atom, or N-series processors) that struggle to handle high-speed transfers, encryption, or multi-user traffic.

For example, some budget NAS units advertise 10GbE connectivity, but their CPU is too weak to push consistent 1GB/s speeds—especially if multiple users are accessing data simultaneously.

The Fix:

Check NAS CPU specs:
- If your NAS has a quad-core ARM or low-end Intel CPU, it may not be capable of full 10GbE speeds.
Monitor CPU Usage:
- Windows: Open Task Manager > Performance and check if the CPU is maxed out during transfers.
- Linux/macOS: Use:
  
  top
Disable resource-heavy background tasks:
- Stop or schedule RAID scrubbing, snapshots, virus scans, and indexing during off-hours.
Use an x86 NAS with a high-performance CPU:
- Intel Core i3/i5, Ryzen, or Xeon-based NAS units handle 10GbE much better than Celeron/ARM-based models.

9. VLAN, QoS, or Network Prioritization is Throttling Your 10GbE Traffic

The Problem:

If you’re using a managed switch or router, incorrect VLAN (Virtual LAN) or QoS (Quality of Service) settings may be limiting your 10GbE speeds. Some switches automatically assign lower priority to high-bandwidth devices, throttling performance.

The Fix:

Check VLAN settings:
- If your 10GbE NAS or PC is in a VLAN with limited bandwidth, remove it from that VLAN or adjust the priority settings.
Disable or Adjust QoS Settings:
- Log into your switch’s admin panel and look for QoS (Quality of Service) settings.
- If enabled, check if bandwidth limits are applied to your 10GbE ports.
- In some switches (e.g., Ubiquiti, Netgear, Cisco), set QoS priority for 10GbE devices to “High”.
Run a Speed Test Without VLAN or QoS:
- Temporarily disable VLAN/QoS, then test file transfer speeds again.

If speeds improve, your VLAN/QoS settings were throttling your network.

10. Background Processes or Other Network Devices Are Consuming Bandwidth

The Problem:

If you’re not getting full 10GbE speeds, it’s possible that another device is using the NAS at the same time. Even if your PC or NAS seems idle, background tasks like cloud syncing, automated backups, Plex transcoding, or surveillance camera recording can consume CPU, storage I/O, and network bandwidth.

The Fix:

Check if other devices are using the NAS:
- Windows: Open Task Manager > Network and check if any background processes are consuming bandwidth.
- Linux/macOS: Use:
  
  iftop -i ethX
- On your NAS, check if:
  - Plex or media servers are streaming.
  - Security cameras are recording to the NAS.
  - Backups/snapshots are running in the background.
Pause Background Tasks:
- Temporarily disable cloud syncing, RAID scrubbing, and backups, then retest network speeds.
Run an IPerf Network Speed Test:
- Windows/Linux:
  - On NAS:
    
    iperf3 -s
  - On PC:
    
    iperf3 -c NAS_IP -P 4
- If IPerf shows 1GB/s speeds but file transfers don’t, then background processes or storage limitations are the issue.

11. Your SFP+ Transceiver or Media Converter is Bottlenecking Performance

The Problem:

If you’re using SFP+ transceivers or fiber-to-RJ45 media converters, they might not be running at full 10GbE speeds. Many budget-friendly SFP+ modules are actually 1GbE-only or have compatibility issues with certain switches and NICs. Additionally, some fiber-to-copper converters (e.g., cheap third-party models) overheat quickly, leading to throttling and slow speeds.

The Fix:

Check Your SFP+ Transceiver Rating:
- Run the following command on a Linux-based NAS or switch:
  
  ethtool ethX
- If the output shows 1000Mbps instead of 10000Mbps, your SFP+ module is not running at full speed.
Use Verified SFP+ Modules:
- Stick to brand-certified transceivers (e.g., Intel, Mellanox, Cisco, Ubiquiti, MikroTik).
- Generic eBay/Amazon SFP+ transceivers may not properly negotiate at 10GbE.
Check for Overheating:
- Touch the transceiver—if it’s too hot to hold, it may be thermal throttling.
- Consider active cooling (small heatsinks or airflow near the module).
Verify Media Converters:
- Some cheap SFP-to-RJ45 converters cap speeds at 5GbE or lower.
- Try swapping the converter for a direct 10GbE-capable SFP+ transceiver.

12. Your PCIe Slot is Throttling Your 10GbE NIC

The Problem:

Your 10GbE network card (NIC) might be plugged into a PCIe slot that doesn’t provide full bandwidth. Some motherboards limit secondary PCIe slots to x1 or x2 speeds, which reduces network performance significantly.

For example:

A PCIe 2.0 x1 slot only supports 500MB/s, far below 10GbE speeds.
A PCIe 3.0 x4 slot is required for full 10GbE performance.

The Fix:

Check PCIe Slot Assignment:
- Windows: Use HWiNFO64 or Device Manager to check PCIe link speed.
- Linux/macOS: Run:
  
  lspci -vvv | grep -i ethernet
  
  If it says PCIe x1, your NIC is bottlenecked.
Move the 10GbE NIC to a Better Slot:
- Use a PCIe 3.0/4.0 x4 or x8 slot for full bandwidth.
- Avoid chipset-controlled PCIe slots, as they share bandwidth with SATA, USB, and other devices.
Enable Full PCIe Speed in BIOS:
- Go to BIOS > Advanced Settings > PCIe Configuration.
- Set the slot to “Gen 3” or “Gen 4” (depending on your motherboard).

13. SMB or NFS Protocol Overhead is Slowing Transfers

The Problem:

If you’re transferring files over a mapped network drive (SMB/NFS), protocol overhead can reduce real-world speeds. Windows SMB, in particular, can limit large file transfers due to encryption, signing, or buffer settings.

The Fix:

Enable SMB Multichannel for Faster Transfers (Windows):
- Open PowerShell as Administrator and run:
  
  powershell
  
  Set-SmbClientConfiguration -EnableMultiChannel $true
- This allows multiple TCP connections for higher throughput.
Disable SMB Signing (If Safe to Do So):
- Windows:
  
  powershell
  
  Set-SmbClientConfiguration -RequireSecuritySignature $false
- Linux:
  Add the following line to /etc/fstab when mounting an SMB share:
  
  ini
  
  vers=3.0,seal=no
Try NFS Instead of SMB (If Using Linux/macOS):
- SMB can be slow for large sequential transfers.
- NFS performs better for 10GbE direct-attached storage (NAS to PC).
Use iSCSI for Direct Storage Access:
- If your NAS supports iSCSI, mount an iSCSI target for block-level access, which can be much faster than SMB/NFS.

14. Your Router or Network Switch is Blocking Full Speeds

The Problem:

Many consumer-grade routers and switches have built-in traffic management features that can throttle high-speed connections. Even some high-end managed switches may have bandwidth limits, VLAN misconfigurations, or QoS settings that restrict speeds.

The Fix:

Disable Traffic Shaping or QoS:
- On a managed switch, log in and disable bandwidth limits on your 10GbE ports.
- On a router, look for:
  - Smart QoS / Traffic Prioritization (disable it).
  - Bandwidth Limiting (set to unlimited).
Check VLAN Configuration:
- If your NAS and PC are in different VLANs, traffic might be routed through the main router, slowing speeds.
- Move both devices into the same VLAN for direct 10GbE connectivity.
Ensure Your Switch Supports Full 10GbE Throughput:
- Some low-end 10GbE switches have an internal bandwidth cap.
- Example: A switch with five 10GbE ports but only a 20Gbps internal backplane will throttle performance under heavy load.

15. Windows Power Management is Throttling Your 10GbE Card

The Problem:

Windows Power Management settings may be automatically throttling your 10GbE network adapter to save energy. This can cause inconsistent speeds and unexpected slowdowns.

The Fix:

Disable Energy-Efficient Ethernet (EEE):
- Open Device Manager → Expand Network Adapters → Right-click your 10GbE adapter → Properties.
- Under the Advanced tab, find “Energy-Efficient Ethernet” and set it to Disabled.
Set Windows Power Plan to High Performance:
- Open Control Panel > Power Options.
- Select High Performance (or Ultimate Performance if available).
Disable CPU Power Throttling:
- Open PowerShell as Administrator and run:
  
  powershell
  
  powercfg -setactive SCHEME_MIN
- This forces Windows to prioritize performance over power saving.
Check for Interrupt Moderation & Adaptive Inter-Frame Spacing:
- In Device Manager, under the Advanced tab of your 10GbE adapter, disable:
  - Interrupt Moderation
  - Adaptive Inter-Frame Spacing

16. Your NAS or PC is Routing Traffic Through the Wrong Network (Subnet Mismatch)

The Problem:

Even if you have a direct 10GbE connection between your NAS and PC, your operating system might still route traffic through a slower network interface (e.g., a 1GbE connection or even Wi-Fi). This can happen if your system prioritizes the wrong network adapter, or if your NAS and PC are on different subnets, causing traffic to be routed through a slower router or switch instead of using the direct 10GbE link.

For example:

Your NAS has two network interfaces:
- 10GbE: 192.168.2.10
- 1GbE: 192.168.1.10
Your PC has two interfaces:
- 10GbE: 192.168.2.20
- Wi-Fi: 192.168.1.50

If your PC is trying to reach the NAS using the 1GbE or Wi-Fi address, it may bypass the 10GbE connection entirely, leading to slow speeds.

The Fix:

Ensure Both Devices Are on the Same Subnet
- Assign both 10GbE interfaces an IP in the same range (e.g., 192.168.2.x).
- Set the 1GbE and Wi-Fi interfaces to a different subnet (e.g., 192.168.1.x).
Manually Set the 10GbE Network as the Preferred Route
- Windows (CMD – Run as Administrator):
  
  powershell
  
  netsh interface ipv4 set interface "10GbE Adapter Name" metric=1
- Linux/macOS:
  
  sudo ip route add 192.168.2.0/24 dev ethX metric 10
- A lower metric prioritizes the 10GbE connection over slower networks.
Check Active Routes to Ensure 10GbE is Being Used
- Windows:
  
  powershell
  
  route print
- Linux/macOS:
  
  ip route show
- Look for 192.168.2.x going through the 10GbE adapter. If another network is being used, adjust the routing table.

17. Your SATA Controller is Bottlenecking Multiple Drives

The Problem:

Even if you have fast SSDs or multiple hard drives in RAID, the SATA controller inside your NAS or PC might be the bottleneck. Some budget NAS units and lower-end PC motherboards use cheap SATA controllers (e.g., JMicron, ASMedia, Marvel) that bottleneck total disk throughput.

For example:

Your NAS or PC has six SATA ports, but they are all routed through a single PCIe 2.0 x1 controller (which has a max bandwidth of 500MB/s).
Even though each SSD is capable of 500MB/s, the total throughput is capped by the controller’s bandwidth.

The Fix:

Check the SATA Controller in Use:
- Windows (Device Manager): Expand Storage Controllers and check the SATA controller manufacturer.
- Linux/macOS:
  
  lspci | grep SATA
- If you see JMicron, ASMedia, or Marvel, you might have a bandwidth-limited controller.
Use an HBA (Host Bus Adapter) Instead
- If your motherboard or NAS has limited SATA bandwidth, install a dedicated LSI/Broadcom HBA card (e.g., LSI 9211-8i, LSI 9300-8i) to get full-speed SATA connectivity.
Check the SATA Backplane in NAS Enclosures
- Some NAS enclosures have a shared SATA controller for all drives, limiting total speed.
- If possible, upgrade to a NAS with multiple SATA controllers or use NVMe SSDs instead.

18. Your System’s TCP/IP Stack is Not Optimized for High-Speed Transfers

The Problem:

By default, most operating systems have conservative TCP settings that are optimized for 1GbE networks, but not for high-speed 10GbE connections. Without proper tuning, TCP window size, congestion control, and buffer settings can limit data transfer rates over high-bandwidth connections.

The Fix:

Windows: Optimize TCP Settings via PowerShell

Enable TCP Window Auto-Tuning:

powershell

netsh int tcp set global autotuninglevel=normal
Enable Receive Side Scaling (RSS) to Use Multiple CPU Cores:

powershell

Set-NetAdapterRss -Name "10GbE Adapter Name" -Enabled $true
Increase TCP Receive Buffers:

powershell

netsh int tcp set global rss=enabled netsh int tcp set global ecncapability=disabled netsh int tcp set global chimney=enabled

Linux/macOS: Increase TCP Buffers

Edit /etc/sysctl.conf and add:

net.core.rmem_max = 67108864

net.core.wmem_max = 67108864

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 67108864

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 67108864

Then apply the changes:

sudo sysctl -p

19. Antivirus or Firewall Software is Interfering with Network Speeds

The Problem:

Many antivirus and firewall programs scan all incoming and outgoing network traffic, which can significantly slow down 10GbE speeds. Some intrusion prevention systems (IPS), such as those in Sophos, Norton, Bitdefender, and Windows Defender, can introduce latency and CPU overhead when processing large file transfers.

The Fix:

Temporarily Disable Your Antivirus/Firewall and Run a File Transfer Test
- If speeds improve, your security software is causing the slowdown.
Whitelist Your NAS or 10GbE Connection in Security Software
- Add your NAS IP address as an exclusion in your antivirus or firewall settings.
Disable Real-Time Scanning for Large File Transfers
- In Windows Defender:
  - Open Windows Security → Go to Virus & Threat Protection.
  - Under Exclusions, add your NAS drive or network adapter.
Check for Router-Level Security Features
- Some routers have Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) or Intrusion Prevention (IPS) enabled, which can slow down traffic.
- Log into your router’s admin panel and disable unnecessary security features for local transfers.

20. Your Network is Experiencing Microburst Congestion (Overloaded Buffers)

The Problem:

Some 10GbE switches have limited packet buffers, causing microburst congestion when multiple devices transfer data simultaneously. This results in random slowdowns, packet loss, and jitter, even if total traffic is well below 10GbE capacity.

The Fix:

Enable Flow Control on Your Switch
- Log into the switch’s admin panel.
- Enable 802.3x Flow Control on your 10GbE ports.
Use a Higher-Quality Switch with Larger Buffers
- Some cheap 10GbE switches have small packet buffers, leading to congestion.
- Consider an enterprise-grade switch (e.g., Netgear XS716T, Cisco SG550X, Ubiquiti EdgeSwitch).
Monitor Switch Traffic for Spikes
- Use iftop or Wireshark to monitor packet loss or delays.
- If needed, upgrade your switch to one with better buffering.

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Finally, for free advice about your setup, just leave a message in the comments below here at NASCompares.com and we will get back to you.

Need Help? Where possible (and where appropriate) please provide as much information about your requirements, as then I can arrange the best answer and solution to your needs. Do not worry about your e-mail address being required, it will NOT be used in a mailing list and will NOT be used in any way other than to respond to your enquiry. [contact-form-7]

If you like this service, please consider supporting us. We use affiliate links on the blog allowing NAScompares information and advice service to be free of charge to you.Anything you purchase on the day you click on our links will generate a small commission which isused to run the website. Here is a link for Amazon and B&H.You can also get me a

Ko-fi or old school Paypal. Thanks!To find out more about how to support this advice service check HEREIf you need to fix or configure a NAS, check Fiver Have you thought about helping others with your knowledge? Find Instructions Here

Or support us by using our affiliate links on Amazon UK and Amazon US

Alternatively, why not ask me on the ASK NASCompares forum, by clicking the button below. This is a community hub that serves as a place that I can answer your question, chew the fat, share new release information and even get corrections posted. I will always get around to answering ALL queries, but as a one-man operation, I cannot promise speed! So by sharing your query in the ASK NASCompares section below, you can get a better range of solutions and suggestions, alongside my own.

4sysops
PXE Troubleshooting: Analyzing the boot process with Wireshark
5 février 2025 à 17:18

PXE Troubleshooting: Analyzing the boot process with Wireshark

4sysops

Par : Thomas Joos

5 février 2025 à 17:18

PXE is often used to boot devices over the network, such as for OS deployment. If the clients can't connect to the PXE server, a structured analysis of the associated network traffic helps. Wireshark allows for a detailed analysis of each step.

NAS Compares
The Sharge Loomos AI Glasses – Do You Want AI on Your Face?
29 janvier 2025 à 18:00

The Sharge Loomos AI Glasses – Do You Want AI on Your Face?

NAS Compares

Par : Rob Andrews

29 janvier 2025 à 18:00

Loomos AI Smart Glasses: A CES 2025 Highlight in Wearable Technology

At CES 2025, Sharge introduced the Loomos AI Smart Glasses, marking the debut of its overseas sub-brand, Loomos. The glasses offer a range of advanced features, including AI-powered assistance, 4K photo and 1080p video capture, and ergonomic design tailored for everyday use. Positioned as an international adaptation of the Flash AI “Snap Mirror,” Loomos aims to balance innovation and practicality in the growing smart glasses market. Now LIVE on Kickstarter, at the starting backing price of $199, do you want AI glasses on your face? Let’s find out more.

Key Highlights / The TL;DR

AI Assistance: GPT-4o-powered features include translation, object recognition, note summarization, and general information retrieval.
Camera Technology: Equipped with a Sony 16MP sensor, the glasses support 4K photos and 1080p videos, with a 123° field of view and video stabilization.
Battery Life: A 450mAh built-in battery supports up to 40 hours of standby, expandable with an optional 6,500mAh neckband power bank.
Audio Features: Open-ear Hi-Fi speakers with dual DSP amplifiers offer high-quality sound without earbuds.
Privacy Measures: Local data storage, encrypted cloud options, and a visible LED indicator ensure user privacy and transparency.

Design and Comfort

Loomos emphasizes wearability with a lightweight 50-gram frame, flexible hinges, and adjustable nose pads. The design, created in collaboration with the eyewear brand LOHO, incorporates features like air-cushion nose pads to ensure comfort for diverse facial structures. The glasses also accommodate prescription lenses, increasing accessibility for a wider audience.

In terms of durability, Loomos is rated IPX4 for water resistance and IP5X for dust resistance, making it suitable for daily use in various environments. The glasses feature a magnetic Pogo-Pin charging interface, allowing users to charge them while wearing.

AI and Multimedia Features

The GPT-4o-powered AI assistant provides practical functionalities such as real-time text translation, object identification, and productivity tools like note summarization. The glasses also include Loomo OS, a proprietary memory system that locally records and stores audio, text, and images, enabling offline functionality for many tasks.

The audio system, developed with AAC Technologies, offers stereo sound through Hi-Fi open-ear speakers, supported by dual DSP amplifiers. Future updates will introduce Wi-Fi music streaming for added entertainment options. The Sony 16MP camera provides high-quality imaging and low-light performance, complemented by video stabilization for consistent results.

Privacy and Security

Sharge has implemented several privacy measures to address concerns surrounding wearable cameras. Data is stored locally on the device, with encryption for optional cloud services. A visible LED indicator activates during recording to ensure transparency, while a magnetic frame attachment disables the camera for use in sensitive areas. Once paired with a smartphone, the glasses’ data remains secure even if lost or stolen.

Launch and Pricing

The Loomos AI Smart Glasses will launch on Kickstarter on January 28, 2025, with a starting price of $199.99 for the first 2,000 units. Pricing will incrementally increase to $219, with an expected retail price of $299. An optional neckband power bank will also be available to extend battery life. Sharge plans to expand globally, with subsidiaries in North America and Europe to support broader market adoption.

Specifications Table

Feature	Details
Processor	Unisoc W517, 2.0GHz quad-core
AI Integration	GPT-4o
Camera	Sony 16MP, 4K photos, 1080p video
Field of View	123°, low-light and stabilization
Audio	Hi-Fi speakers with dual DSP amplifiers
Storage	32GB eMMC
Connectivity	Bluetooth 5.0, Wi-Fi
Battery	450mAh (40-hour standby), expandable
Water Resistance	IPX4 water, IP5X dust
Weight	50 grams
Charging	Pogo-Pin magnetic interface
Launch Date	January 28, 2025 (Kickstarter)
Starting Price	$199.99

The Loomos AI Smart Glasses present an ambitious approach to merging AI capabilities with practical wearability. Their Kickstarter launch will provide an early indication of how consumers respond to this innovative product in a competitive smart glasses market.

Click Below to visit the Kickstarter campaign for the Sharge Loomos AI Glasses:

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This description contains links to Amazon. These links will take you to some of the products mentioned in today's content. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Visit the NASCompares Deal Finder to find the best place to buy this device in your region, based on Service, Support and Reputation - Just Search for your NAS Drive in the Box Below

Need Advice on Data Storage from an Expert?

Finally, for free advice about your setup, just leave a message in the comments below here at NASCompares.com and we will get back to you.

Need Help? Where possible (and where appropriate) please provide as much information about your requirements, as then I can arrange the best answer and solution to your needs. Do not worry about your e-mail address being required, it will NOT be used in a mailing list and will NOT be used in any way other than to respond to your enquiry. [contact-form-7]

If you like this service, please consider supporting us. We use affiliate links on the blog allowing NAScompares information and advice service to be free of charge to you.Anything you purchase on the day you click on our links will generate a small commission which isused to run the website. Here is a link for Amazon and B&H.You can also get me a

Ko-fi or old school Paypal. Thanks!To find out more about how to support this advice service check HEREIf you need to fix or configure a NAS, check Fiver Have you thought about helping others with your knowledge? Find Instructions Here

Or support us by using our affiliate links on Amazon UK and Amazon US

Alternatively, why not ask me on the ASK NASCompares forum, by clicking the button below. This is a community hub that serves as a place that I can answer your question, chew the fat, share new release information and even get corrections posted. I will always get around to answering ALL queries, but as a one-man operation, I cannot promise speed! So by sharing your query in the ASK NASCompares section below, you can get a better range of solutions and suggestions, alongside my own.

Where to Buy a Product
			VISIT RETAILER ➤
			VISIT RETAILER ➤

If you like this service, please consider supporting us.
We use affiliate links on the blog allowing NAScompares information and advice service to be free of charge to you. Anything you purchase on the day you click on our links will generate a small commission which is used to run the website. Here is a link for Amazon and B&H. You can also get me a

Ko-fi or old school Paypal. Thanks! To find out more about how to support this advice service check HERE If you need to fix or configure a NAS, check Fiver Have you thought about helping others with your knowledge? Find Instructions Here

Or support us by using our affiliate links on Amazon UK and Amazon US

NAS Compares
GL.iNet Slate 7 (GL-BE3600) Portable Wi-Fi 7 Router Revealed
15 janvier 2025 à 18:00

GL.iNet Slate 7 (GL-BE3600) Portable Wi-Fi 7 Router Revealed

NAS Compares

Par : Rob Andrews

15 janvier 2025 à 18:00

GL.iNet Slate 7 Travel Router @ CES 2025

As someone who travels a lot professionally and personally, having a decent mobile router is absolutely essential for me. At any given time, I carry a mobile phone, a laptop, a tablet, and a network-enabled camera. The minute you start traveling with my partner or colleagues professionally, the devices can comfortably hit 10 to 12 network-ready client tools easily. That’s why I’ve always been a tremendous fan of both mobile routers and mobile internet management systems, as these allow you to create an easy pop-up network for a family of devices quickly and securely when done right. For the last two years, a lot of my travel has included the use of GL.iNet Beryl mobile travel routers and the Puli AX router. These two systems have not let me down, and when I heard that the brand was working on a Wi-Fi 7-enabled travel router, you better believe I was interested! Which brings me to the new GL.iNet Slate 7 router, which I had the opportunity to get my hands on at CES 2025.

Feature	Details
Model	Slate 7 / GL-BE3600
Processor	Qualcomm Quad-core @ 1.1 GHz
RAM	DDR4 1GB
Storage	512MB NAND
Wi-Fi Standard	802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be
Wi-Fi Bands	Dual-band: 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz
Wi-Fi Speeds	– 2.4 GHz: 688 Mbps – 5 GHz: 2882 Mbps
Ethernet Ports	2 (1 WAN, 1 LAN)
Ethernet Speed	2 x 2.5 Gbps
USB Port	USB 3.0
Power Supply	USB-C (5V/3A)
Power Consumption	<8W (Still TBC – As Testing is still in progress by the brand, subject to change)
Encryption Support	OpenVPN, WireGuard, AdGuard, Tor (natively supported)
Control Interface	Touchscreen control panel
Additional Controls	Physical “Mode” button
Special Features	– LCD panel for QR code generation – foldable antennas
Weight	295 grams
Dimensions	130 x 91 x 34 mm
Operating Temperature	0~~40°C (32~~104°F)
Use Cases	Travel router, secure connectivity for remote workers, portable internet solution

Let’s discuss what this system can do, what it can’t do, what hardware it runs on, and whether this needs to be your next travel hardware upgrade!

What Can This Travel Router Do? Who Needs the GL.iNet Slate 7 Router?

It’s an important question. Travel routers are not built equally and tend to arrive with a variety of hardware support under the bonnet. A travel router is more than just about having access to the internet. If all you want is a basic connection to the internet, most devices that you take with you on the go will have the simple wireless capability to connect to public Wi-Fi and hotspots. However, how secure are these public hotspots? Is data necessarily encrypted securely enough? And are there any limitations to per-device connections? This is often where a travel router absolutely excels in its functionality.

The benefit of travel routers like the GL.iNet Slate 7 and the Beryl that came before it is that you can connect all of your wireless and wired network devices to it as needed, and then set the wireless router to connect with the public Wi-Fi connection. For example, let’s say you are connecting your phone and your laptop to the internet while you are in a coffee shop. If you already have the travel router SSID saved to your phone and laptop, all you need to do is connect the travel router to the public Wi-Fi, and then both of your handheld network devices will be able to take advantage of that public internet connection. But with the added benefit that you can control the network traffic that is exchanged between those devices and the travel router, their priority of bandwidth, and even apply VPN and encrypted tunnel software to the travel router to ensure that data exchanged between the router and the public Wi-Fi service is completely encrypted and anonymized as needed.

GL.iNet travel routers all arrive with the ability to apply your own user credentials from popular internet security services such as OpenVPN, WireGuard, AdGuard, and Tor. Once signed into on the Slate 7, you can enable or disable these via the on-screen LCD of the device or even a physical mode switch in some cases. The ability to choose when to apply security services, depending on the trustworthiness of the Wi-Fi you are using on the go, is phenomenally useful. But the benefits of a travel router do not stop there.

Another example of a travel router’s benefits being perhaps overlooked is the ability to attach storage to a travel router via native internal storage or a USB drive. This storage then becomes accessible over the network via popular services such as Samba or FTP, allowing connected individual devices to the travel router to share that media, target that storage media for backups, or be used for communal data sharing when on the go. Imagine you are a small company traveling together, or a group of students working on a project on the go. The utilization of a travel router will allow all of those users and their devices to only have to use a single SSID that they sign into once, with secure authentication. Then the public Wi-Fi or trusted Wi-Fi service just needs to be connected to the travel router physically via a WAN connection or wirelessly via the mobile app synced with the travel router.

Ultimately, this all adds up to saving significant amounts of time when connecting lots of devices to new public Wi-Fi services. It increases the security of all those connected devices via a single pathway, prevents device restrictions when users try to sign into public Wi-Fi with limited client connections allowed, and allows for shared storage to be provided conveniently yet securely to users in the chosen network.

GL.iNet Slate 7 Router Hardware Specifications

The GL.iNet Slate 7 mobile router is very similar in general specifications to the Beryl AX predecessor travel router. However, it has scaled up practically every hardware specification in this new revision—from more modern network connectivity to simple but essential base-level hardware specifications in storage, RAM, and processor ability. Here is a brief overview of the hardware specifications that are confirmed so far:

The physical design is only fractionally larger than the predecessor Beryl device. The Slate 7 opts for a slightly more industrial design, favoring a black, sharp-edged aesthetic. It is still pocket-sized, measuring 130 mm by 91 mm by 34 mm and weighing just 295 grams.

The router includes two solid, foldable antennas that can be adjusted 180° from flat to vertical against a wall if needed. Each antenna is Wi-Fi 7 ready, which improves the overall bandwidth and frequency afforded to each band. The Slate 7 supports dual bands at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, offering speeds of 688 Mbps and 2882 Mbps, respectively. Needless to say, this bandwidth is shared across multiple devices and their individual Wi-Fi 5/6/7 network adapters.

Currently, there is no confirmation on support for the 6 GHz frequency or 320 MHz band frequency packets. It appears the Slate 7 does not support 6 GHz, but until the official release, full confirmation on this detail is pending.

The physical network interfaces are impressive for a travel router. The previous generation had one 1 Gbps Ethernet port and one 2.5 Gbps Ethernet port. The new device upgrades both ports to 2.5 Gbps, with one as a dedicated LAN port and the other configurable as a WAN or LAN port. There is no confirmation if this device supports multi-channel or port trunking, but at this scale and hardware spec, it would not be surprising if it doesn’t.

The system does not feature an internal battery, as found in the Puli AX mobile router. Instead, it features a USB-C power input for a 5V connection and is reported to consume less than 8W at full utilization (note – the brand informal me that this is s till subject to change, as testing and evaluation is still in progress). This is based on the official specifications, pending confirmation through testing.

The Slate 7 also includes a USB 3.2 Gen 1 (5 Gbps) Type-A port, which can be used for tethering or connecting a storage drive. FTP and other services available in other GL.iNet travel routers are supported here as well. This USB port can also be utilized by installed applications via the GL.iNet router software.

Information is still limited on the precise CPU model that is featured inside the Slate 7 router, but documentation available during CES indicates that it is a quad-core Qualcomm 1.1 GHz ARM CPU. This would be twice the cores available than that of the MediaTek CPU inside the Beryl AX travel router, though the clock speed is a pinch lower.

The system also arrives with an impressive 1 GB of DDR4 memory internally for handling network operations alongside that quad-core ARM CPU. Once again, they have doubled the available memory that you would find on the Beryl AX travel router, scaling up from the original 512 MB. This memory is fixed to the internal PCB and cannot be upgraded. This is not a huge surprise, as that’s fairly standard for both router devices and for ARM-powered devices too.

Alongside the ability to add additional storage via the USB port, the system already arrives with its own internal storage, doubling the 256 MB featured in the Beryl AX. The Slate 7 features 512 MB of base storage. This isn’t huge in terms of storing your domestic data, but for storing and deploying applications installed via the GL.iNet router software, it is a decent amount of base storage to get the job done, alongside storage for logs and for creating multiple profiles with the system.

Interestingly, this is one of the first GL.iNet travel routers to feature a touchscreen LCD panel. What that means in reality is that although this router can still be managed and configured via the partner client app available via iOS and Android (as well as over the local area network and IP via GUI in the browser), it also features the ability to be managed directly on the physical device itself. This panel, although it looks a little dated in its black-and-white display, means that next to no power is being utilized when displaying it.

In my brief time with the LCD panel controls, it was very reactive, provided all the network information that I seemingly needed to see which devices were connected, allowed me to activate or deactivate active encryption/VPN services, and also allowed me to monitor system resource utilization in real time. I was pretty impressed with them squeezing that onto this travel router to allow me to very quickly identify what the system is doing as well as action things I want it to do on the fly without the mobile app authentication needed.

Final Thoughts – Should You Wait for the GL.iNet Slate 7 Router?

All in all, I’m really happy with what we’re seeing in the scale-up on this device from the Beryl AX. As mentioned earlier, it is effectively doubling the specifications and feature set of its predecessor, and the Slate 7 is gearing up to be a superior travel router in terms of usability and capabilities. That said, I still can’t really call this the ultimate travel router as, frankly, that is still the GL.iNet Puli AX. I understand that this device serves as a successor to the Beryl AX router, and therefore it makes sense that it would be similarly scaled in hardware and design. However, the Puli AX is simply still superior thanks to more antennas, a higher hardware level, SIM/LTE support, and a removable battery pack for portability.

Nevertheless, the GL.iNet Slate 7 looks exceedingly promising and definitely is a device worth keeping an eye on for your travel needs. With full confirmation still yet to be provided until their full review, it seems rather promising. And now that we’re seeing more client mobile devices from the likes of Google and Apple rock out with Wi-Fi 7 included, travel routers that support this protocol are going to be growing in appeal quite rapidly for those on the go. I will hold off my full review on this device until I’ve got one in the studio for testing, but until then, I like what I see!

Why Not Just Use a Mobile Hotspot instead of a Travel Router?

A lot of people will ask why you would bother using a travel router when you could just use a mobile hotspot on a phone and then connect all of your devices—and those of your friends and family—to it. A mobile hotspot works and, in practice, is great for when you want to use your SIM. Additionally, mobile hotspots require additional power to work, which can seem inconvenient when compared to utilizing your mobile phone, which already has a battery! However, SIM/LTE/cellular data mobile hotspots are not designed for large-scale client network sharing and typically handle packets of data across multiple connected devices poorly compared to a dedicated router.

Equally, you cannot physically attach multiple devices to a phone conveniently, other than a single device utilizing USB tethering. A decent travel router, however, will provide physical connectivity for multiple devices, as well as USB tethering. Finally, if you connect a mobile phone to a public Wi-Fi hotspot and then enable a hotspot on your phone to allow other devices to connect, it leads to significant drag and reduced packet management—all resulting in terrible speeds. Travel routers differ in their hardware specifications, and some are better than others, but in most cases, a travel router will always provide a better experience.

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This description contains links to Amazon. These links will take you to some of the products mentioned in today's content. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Visit the NASCompares Deal Finder to find the best place to buy this device in your region, based on Service, Support and Reputation - Just Search for your NAS Drive in the Box Below

Need Advice on Data Storage from an Expert?

Finally, for free advice about your setup, just leave a message in the comments below here at NASCompares.com and we will get back to you.

Need Help? Where possible (and where appropriate) please provide as much information about your requirements, as then I can arrange the best answer and solution to your needs. Do not worry about your e-mail address being required, it will NOT be used in a mailing list and will NOT be used in any way other than to respond to your enquiry. [contact-form-7]

If you like this service, please consider supporting us. We use affiliate links on the blog allowing NAScompares information and advice service to be free of charge to you.Anything you purchase on the day you click on our links will generate a small commission which isused to run the website. Here is a link for Amazon and B&H.You can also get me a

Ko-fi or old school Paypal. Thanks!To find out more about how to support this advice service check HEREIf you need to fix or configure a NAS, check Fiver Have you thought about helping others with your knowledge? Find Instructions Here

Or support us by using our affiliate links on Amazon UK and Amazon US

Alternatively, why not ask me on the ASK NASCompares forum, by clicking the button below. This is a community hub that serves as a place that I can answer your question, chew the fat, share new release information and even get corrections posted. I will always get around to answering ALL queries, but as a one-man operation, I cannot promise speed! So by sharing your query in the ASK NASCompares section below, you can get a better range of solutions and suggestions, alongside my own.

Where to Buy a Product
			VISIT RETAILER ➤
			VISIT RETAILER ➤

If you like this service, please consider supporting us.
We use affiliate links on the blog allowing NAScompares information and advice service to be free of charge to you. Anything you purchase on the day you click on our links will generate a small commission which is used to run the website. Here is a link for Amazon and B&H. You can also get me a

Ko-fi or old school Paypal. Thanks! To find out more about how to support this advice service check HERE If you need to fix or configure a NAS, check Fiver Have you thought about helping others with your knowledge? Find Instructions Here

Or support us by using our affiliate links on Amazon UK and Amazon US

4sysops
Windows Server 2025 Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS)
7 janvier 2025 à 14:57

Windows Server 2025 Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS)

4sysops

Par : Markus Elsberger

7 janvier 2025 à 14:57

Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) provides secure remote connectivity and network management on Windows Server. With support for modern VPN protocols like SSTP and IKEv2, RRAS ensures encrypted connections, reliable routing, and seamless access to internal resources, making it ideal for hybrid and remote work environments. This guide covers the latest updates in Windows Server 2025, including changes to VPN protocol support and step-by-step instructions for configuration and optimization.

4sysops
Windows 11 Zero Trust DNS (ZTDNS): Only permit outbound connections via protective DNS
27 décembre 2024 à 15:33

Windows 11 Zero Trust DNS (ZTDNS): Only permit outbound connections via protective DNS

4sysops

Par : Wolfgang Sommergut

27 décembre 2024 à 15:33

The Domain Name System (DNS) is susceptible to attacks that redirect clients to malicious services. Technologies like DNSSEC, DoH, and DoT have been developed to mitigate such threats. In addition, Microsoft introduced Zero Trust DNS (ZTDNS) in Windows 11, which blocks all connections unless a trusted and secure DNS server has resolved their IP addresses.

NAS Compares
N305 6-Bay 10GbE NAS Motherboard Review – BUDGET BRILLIANT DIY NAS BUILD?
20 décembre 2024 à 18:00

N305 6-Bay 10GbE NAS Motherboard Review – BUDGET BRILLIANT DIY NAS BUILD?

NAS Compares

Par : Rob Andrews

20 décembre 2024 à 18:00

The N305 M-ITX NAS Motherboard with 10GbE – Should You Buy It?

If you’re considering a custom NAS or server build, the N305 M-ITX NAS Motherboard with 10GbE offers an enticing mix of performance, power efficiency, and networking prowess. Designed with modern demands in mind, it combines Intel’s Alder Lake-N processors with a robust set of connectivity options, including a standout 10GbE port. Whether for personal media servers, small office NAS setups, or edge computing, this motherboard brings noteworthy improvements over its predecessors. Let’s explore its design, hardware, connectivity, and practical applications.

NOTE 1 – A version of this motherboard has appeared that features a x4 PCIe slot, but it is shared with the 2nd M.2 slot. You can learn more about it HERE on the Amazon listing

NOTE 2 – The review of the N100 version of this motherboard is now live and HERE on YouTube and HERE on the blog

Where to Buy the 10GbE N300/N305 NAS MoBo?

Aliexpress $138.96 (N100 10GbE, No Memory or SSD) – HERE
Aliexpress $214.99 (N300 10GbE, 8GB Memory, 128GB OS SSD) – HERE
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Topton MW-N305-NAS ITX DiY NAS Review – Quick Conclusion

The Topton MW-N305-NAS motherboard is an affordable M-ITX option for basic NAS setups, featuring a low-power yet high capability 8 core i3 CPU, dual 2.5GbE ports, and a rare built-in 10GbE port for faster data transfer. With six SATA ports and two M.2 slots, it offers versatile storage options, although the M.2 slots are limited to PCIe Gen 3 x1, restricting maximum speeds. While the lack of a PCIe slot and ECC support may limit its appeal for advanced users, the N305 10G NAS board performs reliably for general NAS tasks like file storage, backups, and moderate streaming. It’s best suited for budget-conscious users who need a compact and low-power NAS with decent networking options, though not for those requiring extensive expandability or high-speed processing. It’s a shame about the lack of PCIe upgradability (there is a split m.2/PCIe x4 version from Topton in the market), but aside from that, it is incredibly difficult to fault this value 10GbE DIY NAS offering!

BUILD QUALITY - 8/10

HARDWARE - 8/10

PERFORMANCE - 7/10

PRICE - 10/10

VALUE - 9/10

8.4

PROS

Affordable price for an ITX motherboard with 10GbE networking capabilities.

Built-in 10GbE port (Marvell AQC113C) and dual 2.5GbE ports (Intel i226-V) for versatile networking options.

Low power consumption (6W TDP for CPU), suitable for continuous 24/7 operation.

Six SATA 3.0 ports and two M.2 NVMe slots, providing flexible storage configuration options.

Compact form factor, making it ideal for small NAS builds and limited-space installations.

Supports up to 32GB of DDR5 memory, which is adequate for general NAS use.

Low heat output with stable thermal performance, reducing the need for extensive cooling.

User-friendly BIOS with customization options for PCI and USB settings.

CONS

No PCIe slot, limiting expansion options for additional hardware like GPUs or other high-speed components.

Lacks ECC memory support, which is often preferred in NAS setups for data integrity.

M.2 slots are limited to PCIe Gen 3 x1 lanes, restricting maximum speed for high-performance applications.

Requires a 300W power supply despite low power demands, adding potential extra cost and size requirements.

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N305 M-ITX NAS Motherboard – Design and Build Quality

The N305 10GbE motherboard adheres to the Mini-ITX standard (17cm x 17cm), making it an excellent choice for compact builds. Its matte black PCB not only enhances aesthetic appeal but also signifies durability, with an 8-layer high-density fiber design that provides resistance against environmental stressors like moisture. This level of build quality ensures long-term reliability, critical for 24/7 NAS operation or server usage.

One of the key selling points of this model is its ability to balance compactness with functionality. Despite its small footprint, the board integrates a range of advanced components, including the Intel Alder Lake-N N305 CPU and a robust networking stack.

Thermal management is supported with well-placed headers for CPU and system cooling fans, ensuring stable performance even under continuous operation.

A notable upgrade in this model is the inclusion of a 10GbE LAN port, alongside two 2.5GbE ports. These features position the N305 as a professional-grade option, capable of handling demanding data transfer and network management tasks. The board also supports dual M.2 NVMe slots and six SATA3.0 ports, offering ample storage flexibility for SSDs and HDDs alike.

Component	Details
CPU	Intel Alder Lake-N N305, 8 Threads, 3.8 GHz boost
Memory	1x SO-DIMM DDR5 (4800-5600MHz), up to 32GB
Networking	1x 10GbE (Marvell AQC113C), 2x 2.5GbE (Intel i226-V)
Storage	6x SATA3.0, 2x M.2 NVMe (PCIe 3.0, 2280)
Graphics	Intel UHD Graphics, 4K@60Hz via HDMI 2.1 and DP 1.4b
Power	ATX 24+4 Pin, minimum 300W PSU recommended

With its thoughtful design and robust specifications, the N305 10GbE motherboard proves to be a versatile and compact solution for users requiring reliability and high performance in a small form factor.

N305 M-ITX NAS Motherboard – Processor and Performance

The heart of this motherboard is the Intel Alder Lake-N N305 processor, an 8-thread chip with a maximum clock speed of 3.8 GHz. Designed with efficiency in mind, it features a modest TDP of 9-15W, making it ideal for systems running 24/7.

This processor delivers the computational power needed for a wide range of applications, from lightweight virtualization to handling multiple network clients in a NAS setup. I tested the N305 NAS mobo and below are the stats power consumption numbers for both IDLE and 30-50% power use with all drives in use. Testing revealed idle power consumption of just 27-28 watts with six connected drives in hibernation, and a peak utilization of 64-66 watts under heavy RAID 5 operations across six hard drives via 10GbE.

Built on Intel’s Alder Lake-N architecture, the N305 achieves a balance between energy efficiency and performance. This makes it particularly suitable for edge computing, media streaming, and private cloud hosting. Whether you’re transcoding videos for Plex or running containerized workloads in Docker, this CPU handles it all with ease. Additionally, the integrated Intel UHD Graphics (32 execution units) ensures smooth playback of 4K media.

Memory performance on this board is another highlight. The single SO-DIMM DDR5 slot supports frequencies up to 5600MHz and capacities of up to 32GB, delivering fast data access speeds. This enables seamless multitasking and rapid handling of large files, critical for NAS environments where throughput is essential. While the single memory slot may limit scalability for some, it fits well with the board’s compact and power-efficient design. That said, even with it’s more affordable price, the lack of ECC memory support (both a CPU and MoBo limitation) is going to be a dealbreaker for storage veterans.

The N305’s low power consumption doesn’t compromise its capabilities. It can handle a surprising range of tasks for a CPU of its class, making it suitable for both personal and small business setups. The combination of processing power, efficiency, and modern architecture makes this motherboard a compelling choice for users looking to maximize performance without incurring high energy costs.

M-ITX NAS Motherboard – Ports and Connections

Ports and connections are a critical factor for any motherboard, and the N305 doesn’t disappoint. Its rear I/O panel includes a rich mix of options, catering to various connectivity needs.

The standout feature is the 10GbE LAN port, supported by the Marvell AQC113C chipset, which is complemented by two 2.5GbE LAN ports for additional network flexibility.

This combination allows users to configure advanced setups, such as load balancing or link aggregation.

For display outputs, the board features HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 1.4b, both supporting 4K@60Hz resolution. These ports ensure crisp visuals for administrative tasks, media playback, or light graphical workloads. Additionally, a 3.5mm audio jack powered by the Realtek ALC897 codec provides basic audio output, suitable for most NAS or server setups.

USB connectivity includes a mix of USB 3.0 and USB 2.0 ports, alongside a Type-C port (albeit limited to USB 2.0 speeds). Internally, headers for additional USB ports and front-panel connectivity provide customization options, enhancing the board’s adaptability for various builds.

Port Type	Details
LAN	1x 10GbE, 2x 2.5GbE
Display	HDMI 2.1, DP 1.4b (4K@60Hz support)
USB	1x USB 3.0, 2x USB 2.0, 1x Type-C (USB 2.0 rate)
Audio	3.5mm jack (Realtek ALC897 codec)
Internal Headers	USB 2.0, fan control, front panel

Internally, the motherboard is equipped with headers for fan control, USB expansion, and front-panel connections, ensuring that builders can optimize cooling and functionality. The thoughtful inclusion of multiple ports and expansion headers makes the N305 10GbE motherboard suitable for a wide range of applications, from data-intensive NAS setups to compact home labs.

M-ITX NAS Motherboard – Storage Capabilities

Storage flexibility is one of the N305’s strongest features. The board includes six SATA3.0 ports, capable of speeds up to 6Gbps, ideal for building RAID arrays or connecting multiple high-capacity drives.

These ports are managed by the JMB585 controller, which ensures efficient throughput and compatibility with various storage devices.

The two M.2 NVMe slots provide high-speed storage options for caching or boot drives. These slots are PCIe 3.0 x1, supporting 2280-sized drives, and deliver sequential read/write speeds sufficient for most NAS or server needs.

#However, one M.2 slot shares its signal with the PCIe x1 lane, requiring users to carefully plan resource allocation depending on their build priorities.

The storage setup also supports features like TRIM for SSDs and port multiplier configurations, allowing users to expand their storage options further. This is particularly useful for creating large-scale NAS setups, where maximizing drive connectivity is a priority.

The performance of the MW-N305-NAS motherboard showcases a balance of efficiency and capability for its price point. Storage speeds on the six SATA ports, powered by a JMB 58x controller on a Gen 3×1 lane, achieved sequential read and write rates of approximately 495 MB/s and 350-380 MB/s respectively.

While the 10GbE Aquantia AQC113C controller delivered fully saturated 10GbE throughput, the advertised USB 20Gbps port fell short, maxing out at 1GB/s during tests. Despite its modest clock speeds and limited PCIe lanes, the MW-N305-NAS excels as a cost-effective, low-power NAS motherboard for DIY builders, especially when considering its compact ITX form factor and versatile connectivity. In short – SATA HDD performance over the single 10GbE connection was pretty standard and acceptable, and the 3×1 lane allocation to each m.2 resulted in the expected sub 1GB internal throughput. The two M.2 NVMe slots, also Gen 3×1, reached read speeds of 783 MB/s and write speeds around 655-690 MB/s, performing consistently within the bandwidth constraints.

Transferring data between each m.2 SSD inside the system (1GB repeated file write) dropped performance down noticeably, but again – this was largely expected and based on the lane speed downgrades, hardly surprising.

Storage Type	Details
SATA Ports	6x SATA3.0 (6Gbps), JMB585 controller
M.2 NVMe	2x PCIe 3.0 x1 slots (2280 size)
TRIM Support	Yes
Port Multiplier	Yes

Whether for storing media libraries, backing up critical data, or running virtual machines, the N305 offers a robust and flexible storage solution. Despite its compact size, the board’s thoughtful design ensures that users can configure it for both speed and capacity. This makes it a compelling option for anyone looking to build a high-performance, high-capacity NAS or server, with the flexibility to scale storage as needed.

The N305 10GbE Motherboard – Should You Buy It?

As of 2024, the N305 M-ITX NAS motherboard with 10GbE represents a versatile and cost-effective platform for users seeking a combination of performance, power efficiency, and robust connectivity. With its Alder Lake-N processor, DDR5 memory support, and standout 10GbE networking capabilities, it delivers exceptional value for its price. This motherboard is particularly well-suited for applications like Plex Media Server, Proxmox virtual machines, or UnRAID/TrueNAS setups, where both processing power and network bandwidth are critical. Its comprehensive storage options and energy-efficient design further solidify its place as a top contender in the compact NAS and server motherboard market.

However, users with high expansion needs or enterprise-level requirements may find its PCIe lane limitations a challenge. For most small-scale and prosumer applications, though, it strikes an excellent balance between capability and efficiency. Whether you’re building a new media server or upgrading an existing NAS, the N305 10GbE motherboard is a strong choice that offers modern features and flexibility in a compact package.

PROS	CONs
Affordable price for an ITX motherboard with 10GbE networking capabilities. Built-in 10GbE port (Marvell AQC113C) and dual 2.5GbE ports (Intel i226-V) for versatile networking options. Low power consumption (6-10W TDP for CPU), suitable for continuous 24/7 operation. Six SATA 3.0 ports and two M.2 NVMe slots, providing flexible storage configuration options. Compact form factor, making it ideal for small NAS builds and limited-space installations. Supports up to 32GB of DDR5 memory, which is adequate for general NAS use. Low heat output with stable thermal performance, reducing the need for extensive cooling. User-friendly BIOS with customization options for PCI and USB settings.	No PCIe slot, limiting expansion options for additional hardware like GPUs or other high-speed components. Lacks ECC memory support, which is often preferred in NAS setups for data integrity. M.2 slots are limited to PCIe Gen 3 x1 lanes, restricting maximum speed for high-performance applications.

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