The Flashstor and Flashstor 12 Pro Gen 2 from Asustor NAS

I do not think it would be an understatement to say that one of the stand-out devices in the world of NAS last year was the Asustor Flashstor NAS series, managing to hit a fantastic sweet spot for users looking at NVMe SSD NAS storage that arrived at an affordable pricepoint, whilst giving you tremendous value for money. Since then, several alternatives to buyers have appeared in the market to challenge it’s popularity and comparative dominance from the likes of QNAP, UGREEN and a slew of OS-free pre-built NAS solutions from mini PC companies. Nevertheless, Asustor seemingly held on to this market, regularly selling out of its Flashstor devices globally. So, inevitably, the brand was always going to be looking at ‘what’s next’ and that brings us to this – the Flashstor Gen 2. Arriving in a 6-Bay (FS6806T) and 12 Bay (FS6812X) form, this system is a less graphically focused and more throughput and performance-focused series that might be one of the most impressive desktop turnkey NAS devices for Flash that I have ever seen. Arrivnig with a beefy AMD CPU, ECC Memory support, 10GbE (possibly even 5GbE too – TBC), Gen 4 architecture for the M.2 slots and even USB 4 for good measure – the Flashstor Gen 2 seems to be a very confident response to the criticisms that were levelled at the original flashstor by those that wanted to squeeze more out of their SSDs! So, lets discuss this new exciting NAS system from Asustor.

The Asustor Flashstor Gen 2 – Internal Hardware

When I said that the Flashstor Gen 2 seeks to challenge some of the criticisms that were made at the original system, the bulk of these were about how much of the throughput that a RAID ready m.2 NVMe SSD system could be enjoyed by the end user. The original Flashstor series arrived with an Intel N5105 CPU (a quad-core Celeron) which although great for graphically demanding tasks and power efficiency, lacked a lot of the ‘umpf’ in terms of bandwidth speeds, lanes to allocate and raw power to get the most out of the SSDs inside. This newer flash system changes gears considerably and switches to an AMD-embedded Ryzen CPU that not only opens the door to Gen4 architecture (so each lane goes up from 1000MB/s to 2000MBs), but also allows for scaled-up memory quality and quality. Here is how the Flashstor 6 Gen 2 and Flashstor 12 Pro Gen 2 stack up on the internal hardware and storage:

Model
Model	FS6806T	FS6812X
CPU	AMD Ryzen Embedded V3C14 (2.3-3.8Ghz) Zen3 Processor	AMD Ryzen Embedded V3C14 (2.3-3.8Ghz) Zen3 Processor
Integrated GFX	N/A	N/A
Cores and Threads	4 Cores / 8 Threads	4 Cores / 8 Threads
TDP	15W (Configurable to 10-25W at CPU level TBC)	15W (Configurable to 10-25W at CPU level TBC)
CPU LANES	20 Lanes, Gen4	20 Lanes, Gen4
MEMORY	DDR5 and ECC Support Indicated	TBC – But DDR5 and ECC Support Indicated (32GB TBC)
M.2 DRIVE SLOTS	6 x NVMe/SATA	12 x NVMe/SATA
HDD	N/A	N/A
MAXIMUM DRIVE BAYS WITH EXPANSION	14	20
SUPPORTS SINGLE VOLUME LARGER THAN 16TB

So, there is ALOT to unpack here! The star of the show here is the CPU. Choosing the right CPU for a NAS is, frankly, not easy! It would be SO easy to just lump in some beast desktop gamer PC processor, but the reality is that the CPU is a NAS that needs to be able to run 24×7, needs to be powerful enough to get the jobs done but at the same time not be TOO power hungry as it will cost a fortune to run.. oh.. and it needs to manage it’s temperature well and not get too hot that it throttles. Not enough? Oh it also needs to support ECC memory to ensure data integrity from things like bitrot. have plenty of cores and/or vCPUs for VM allocation and needs to be affordable. SERIOUSLY!!!

This is why the processor that the Flashstor Gen 2 arrives with is such a great choice! There will be those of you that will be disappointed in the lack of integrated graphics, but it’s worth highlighting that the Flashstor Gen 2 does not seem to be ‘replacing’ the Gen 1 model, but instead expanding the range – so those that want GFX will have the Celeron version. but those looking for a compact and powerful workhorse system will have the Flashstor Gen 2 version with its AMD Ryzen V3C14 processor to play with. This processor manages to crank to up to 3.8Ghz when needed, on it’s 4 core and 8 thread architecture (so, technically 8 virtual CPUs to play with on your containers and VMs). Likewise, die hard storage enthusiasts will be pleased to note that this CPU not only supports DDR5 memory but also ECC (Error Correction Code / Error Code Correction) up to 32GB. We are still yet to 100% confirm the base included level or memory and if it is soldered or SODIMM deployed, as well as the quantity included in the 6 and 12 Bay models respectively, but given the ‘Pro’ status of the 12 Bay, I would suggest it is going to be 32GB on that model and 4-16GB on the 6-Bay. Power consumption on this processor, despite it’s scale of capabilities, is also an impressively low 15 TDP according to AMD (with configuration possible to allow 15W and 25W TDP – but how much of this will translate to the Flashstor Gen 2 and ADM is still TBC). Also, a minor but important note, AMD have a fantastic reputation in their Embedded Ryzen series and this processor is slated for support till 2032, a HUGE change up for the 3-4yr support cycle by intel in a number of their Celeron processors. Here is how that CPU is broken down in the specs:

Product Line	AMD Ryzen Embedded V3000 Series
Model	V3C14
Release Date	September 27, 2022
Market	Desktop
Architecture	Zen 3+ (Rembrandt)
Socket	AMD Socket FP7
Foundry	TSMC
Process Size	6 nm
Package	FP7r2
Cores	4
Threads	8
Base Frequency	2.3 GHz
Turbo Frequency	Up to 3.8 GHz
TDP	15 W (configurable between 10-25W)
Memory Support	DDR5, up to 4800 MT/s, Dual-channel with ECC support
PCI-Express	Gen 4, 20 Lanes (CPU only)
Cache	L1: 64 KB per core, L2: 512 KB per core, L3: 8 MB (shared)
Features	AVX, AVX2, AMD Secure Processor, AMD Memory Guard, other performance enhancements
Longevity	Planned product availability until 2032

You might well have also spotted that this system arrives with 20 lanes of PCIe Gen 4 architecture – This is a HUGE scale up for the 9 Lanes of Gen 3 in the Flashstor Gen 1 series. This means that the Flashstor Gen 2 has more than double to lane allocation to distribute across the system AND those individual lanes are twice the bandwidth. Here is a diagram layout of this processor series by way of reference:

Although this will translate very well in terms of the connectivity that I will touch on later on, the impact on those individual M.2 NVMe bays is pretty awesome too! Each 2280 M.2 Bay (6x on the Flashstor 6 Gen 2, 12x on the Flashstor 12 Pro Gen2) is PCIe Gen 4×1 – so 2,000MB/s bandwidth potential on each SSD. Yes, this is still throttling things down, but I think most users who are considering 2-4 bays at 4×4 or 12 Bay at 4×1 are going to pick the latter for reasons of storage potential + the performance and redundancy benefits inherent in RAID. Also, as discussed at length in discussion/dispute with Asustor, as these SSDs are going to be at x1 speed, this also means that the heat generated by these SSDs is going to be reduced considerably too. As ADM allows for multiple storage pools, this will also be great to create multiple smaller ‘hot’ pools or create a tiered storage system comprising Gen 3 and Gen 4 drives to be more creative with your budget on Day 1.

(Images from Flashstor 12 Pro for guidance on the 12x M.2 NVMe on the Gen 2 Model)

Until we have the Flashstor Gen 2 system in the studio, we cannot really confirm to what extent Asustor have squeezed all the potential out of this CPU and bulk M.2 architecture, but even at a glance, this system has some phenomenally well-balanced hardware internally that will please ALOT of people hoping to make the switch from HDD to SSD server use or even Cloud and DIRECTLY onto flash NAS. But it’s not just what is on the inside that counts (sadly!), so we need to discuss the ports and connectivity, and how this improved architecture in the Gen 2 scales against its predecessor in the Flashstor series.

The Asustor Flashstor Gen 2 – Ports and Connections

The ports and connectivity that are afforded to the Flashstor Gen 2 is a significant scale up over the 2023 release Flashstor Gen 1, thanks of course to that new CPU and the extra lanes and bandwidth it provides. The 6 Bay ports and connectivity are still up for a little debate, but are looking increasingly likely to be 2x 5GbE connectivity (due to reports of the Lockstor Gen 3 system arriving with 5GbE at Computex in June), whereas the Flashstor 12 Pro Gen 2 has been officially confirmed to be 2x 10GbE – so 20Gb/s to play with externally. This still largely pales in comparison to the potential performance of those 12 Gen 4×1 SSDs in a RAID, but this is still a great amount of network bandwidth to play with. Here is what we know about the connectivity:

It’s not hugely surprising that the Gen 2 Flashstor series has an absence of the multimedia-friendly HDMI (and I assume the loss of the S/PDIF audio out), given the lack of integrated graphics. Likewise, neither system features a PCIe upgrade slot (or even the slowly emerging oCuLink connection). But this is more than made up for by the dual 10GbE connectivity (so double that o the Gen 1 12 Pro).

Given the history of Asustor effectively ‘doubling’ the hardware base on their system with each ‘gen’ upgrade (see the Nimbustor, Lockerstor and DriveStorage series throughout each Gen upgrade for numerous examples of this), the indications that the Flashstor 6 Gen 2 being 1x/2x 5GbE are pretty likely. The Lockerstor Gen 3 AS68 series that will be revealed at the same time next month (but almost certainly released much sooner) is arriving with 5GbE and the same CPU architecture as the Flashstor Gen2 series (arriving in 4, 6, 8 AND 10 configurations), so it’s pretty likely that this will extend across the FS68 series too.

There is also an improvement in USB connectivity, with the Flashstor Gen 2 featuring USB 4 connectivity (Type A or C TBH, Hopefully the latter), thanks to that Gen 4 architecture. Asustor already have some impressive USB expansion devices out there and it will be interesting to see the scope of how this quadruple perbandwidth port will be harnessed by the system compared with the exclusively USB 3.2 Gen 2 10Gb on the Gen 1 Flashstor series.

The Asustor Flashstor Gen 2 – Software

The Asustor Flashstor NAS arrives with the latest version of ADM included. Additionally, this software receives frequent updates to ensure that the software runs the very best it can on this system, as well as keeping up to date with security patches and application versions.Also Asustor has also highlighted that they will be launching ADM 5 (the latest revision) alongside these devices – still awaiting confirmation on Beta status or full incremental rollout. The NAS software is accessible via a web browser and displayed very much like a normal computer operating system (desktop, user accounts, customizable themes, file management, running multiple tasks in windows that can be switched in the native tabs), but there are also a range of desktop client tools for accessing the NAS on your local machine natively, as well as a whole bunch of mobile applications that allow tailored access from your phone/tablet in more task-specific means (eg a photo app for viewing pictures and creating phone backup routines, a video app for enjoying your movies and boxsets, surveillance app to access your cameras, etc).  There is also a large range of support of 3rd party applications too in the ADM platform. Asustor is not as big a company as the likes of Synology and QNAP, whole put ALOT more money into their software development, but Asustor try to counter this by (when they do not have an in-house app) making native versions of 3rd party tools in their platform (example, they do not have a 1st party Virtual Machine app, but DO include huge support for VirtualBox). The platform is not quite as fully featured as DSM and QTS, but it is still a very smooth and accessible software platform. The app center has a few more 3rd party applications and slightly crowbarred software (eg the Amazon Media and Streaming service plugins) that is not updated up the original uploaders anywhere near enough (leading to running issues on these tools), but the 1st party apps run very well. The big takeaway on the Asustor software and it’s services is that the standard class of expected features of a modern NAS in 2024+ are here and run exactly as you would want, it is just some of the additional ones that other platforms have doubled down on (such as AI-related services in Photography and Surveillance for example) that are a little lacking. That said, the brand has definitely ramped up a number of the key security protocols and settings in the default setup. But what about 3rd party OS? What is the Asustor position on this?

Asustor have been surprisingly fluid on this one in the last 18 months. Originally, they (along with the bulk of NAS vendors) were steadfast in their position of  “if you install a 3rd party OS such as UnRAID or TrueNAS, it will invalidate your warranty”. However, this position has now changed and they are continuing to support users who opt for 3rd party NAS OS installations, but with the caveat that if that software actively harms the system and/or results in the system being deployed in a fashion outside of what they guarantee the system to operate under (eg, the 3rd party NAS OS software automatically or manually overclocks the heck out of the processor and cooks it! Or overwrites the internal eMMC flash module that contains the ADM bootloader) they will not be able to offer support. I think this is pretty reasonable. However, it is ALSO worth keeping in mind that the Flashstor Gen 2 series is built using a non-integrated gfx CPU, so there is the question of 3rd party NAS installation without a KVM/Visual output and/or BIOS access – but there ARE ways and means to get around this of course!

The Asustor Flashstor Gen 2 – Price and Release

The Pricing and intended launch date for the Asustor Flashstor Gen 2 series is INCREDIBLY vague right now at the time of writing. On the one hand, it would appear that the Flashstor Gen 2 is NOT intended to ‘replace’ the Flashstor Gen 1, but expand the range. This is a good thing in terms of the brand and it’s commitment, but also means that we have practically no idea about how and when the system will arrive and how the brand will price the unit. The Flashstor 6 and Flashstor 12 Pro were incredibly well priced at launch (not ‘cheap’ but excellent value, at $499 and $799 respectively). Realistically, I think we are going to see these devices roll out at (estimated) $599 and $999 at the very least, given their relative rarity in the market at the scale/configuration. Launch is much harder to predict, as alongside the launch of these devices relative to ADM 5 and little-to-no resources online on these right now would suggest a mid-late Q3 release (so August-September EARLIEST). Again, this is mostly speculation, but realistic. We will almost certainly be seeing the bigger names in NAS rolling out some hot hardware for their 2024/2025 generation, as several popular series from Asustor, Synology, QNAP and Terramaster all are crossing the 2 year refresh cycle line this year, which tends to trigger a new release. That said, Asustor have shot a very clear and confident ‘first shot’ in the Flashstor Gen 2 and given the popularity, dominance and good will that was achieved with their Flashstor pipping everyone else to the post, it’s a very smart move to expand this series as soon as possible. I sincerely look forward to having this device in for review soon! Stay tuned!

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