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Minisforum MS-02 Ultra PC Review

Did Minisforum FINALLY Go Too Far with the MS-02 Ultra?

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is positioned as a compact workstation that deliberately blurs the line between a high-end mini PC and a small server platform. While its physical footprint remains relatively small at 4.8 L, the design choices made across CPU selection, PCIe expansion, storage layout, and networking place it well beyond the scope of conventional desktop minis. During extended hands-on testing, it becomes clear that this system is not designed around a single use case. Instead, it targets users who expect to adapt the hardware over time, whether for professional content creation, software development, virtualization, NAS deployment, or mixed workloads that benefit from high I/O density. This flexibility comes with complexity, and the MS-02 Ultra expects a certain level of user familiarity with BIOS tuning, PCIe lane allocation, and thermal tradeoffs that are rarely encountered in this form factor. A key point that emerged during testing is how sharply the experience changes depending on which CPU configuration is selected. The Ultra 9 285HX variant is not simply faster than the lower-tier models. It fundamentally alters what the system can do by unlocking ECC memory support, enabling dual 25GbE SFP+ networking, and adding a PCIe combo card that expands total M.2 capacity to 4 slots. The Ultra 9 275HX and Ultra 5 235HX versions retain the same chassis and core platform, but they operate closer to a traditional high-end mini PC, with fewer storage options and reduced network throughput. As a result, the MS-02 Ultra range should be viewed less as a single product and more as a tiered platform, where hardware capability and intended role scale directly with price.

From a value perspective, pricing spans a wide range and reflects both component availability and Minisforum’s attempt to offer barebones and fully populated options. The entry barebones Ultra 9 285HX configuration sits at $1,199, while fully populated ECC-based builds can reach $2,999. During testing, it became apparent that much of the system’s long-term value is tied to its scalability rather than its out-of-the-box configuration. Users who intend to keep the system static may find better value in smaller Minisforum models, while those planning to expand storage, networking, or PCIe devices over time are more likely to benefit from the MS-02 Ultra’s architecture. This distinction frames the rest of the review, which focuses less on raw specifications and more on how those design choices behave in real-world use.

Config CPU 25GbE SFP+ 10GbE 2.5GbE WiFi M.2 NVMe total ECC support Included RAM Included SSD Price USD Notes
MS-02 Ultra barebones Core Ultra 9 285HX 2x 1x 1x WiFi 7 4x Yes None None $1,199 Includes 25GbE combo card
MS-02 Ultra prebuilt Core Ultra 9 285HX 2x 1x 1x WiFi 7 4x Yes Included Included $1,499 Includes 25GbE combo card
MS-02 Ultra high spec Core Ultra 9 285HX 2x 1x 1x WiFi 7 4x Yes 192GB ECC 2TB $2,999 ECC bundle pricing
MS-02 barebones Core Ultra 9 275HX 0x 1x 1x WiFi 7 2x No None None $949 No 25GbE, fewer M.2
MS-02 prebuilt Core Ultra 9 275HX 0x 1x 1x WiFi 7 2x No 32GB 1TB $1,239 No 25GbE, fewer M.2
MS-02 listed Core Ultra 5 235HX 0x 1x 1x WiFi 7 2x No Unconfirmed Unconfirmed Unconfirmed Limited availability


Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Quick Conclusion

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is best understood as a compact but highly modular platform rather than a conventional mini PC, and its design clearly reflects that intent. It delivers strong CPU performance, extensive connectivity, and an uncommon level of internal expansion for a system of this size, but it also expects the user to engage actively with its configuration, cooling behavior, and upgrade planning. The system’s real strength lies in how well it can scale over time through additional storage, PCIe expansion, or higher-speed networking, rather than in any single out-of-the-box performance metric. Its pricing and hardware complexity place it firmly in enthusiast and professional territory, making it ill-suited for users who want a simple or inexpensive desktop replacement, but a compelling option for those seeking a compact system that can grow into demanding roles such as a workstation, NAS, or virtualization host as their needs evolve.

BUILD QUALITY - 10/10
HARDWARE - 9/10
PERFORMANCE - 9/10
PRICE - 6/10
VALUE - 8/10


8.4
PROS
👍🏻Strong multi-core CPU performance that approaches compact desktop-class systems
👍🏻Unusually high internal expandability for a 4.8 L chassis
👍🏻PCIe 5.0 x16 slot available for future expansion
👍🏻Dual 25GbE SFP+ networking on the 285HX model
👍🏻Support for ECC DDR5 memory on the 285HX configuration
👍🏻Four M.2 NVMe slots available on the top-tier model
👍🏻Internal 350 W PSU with auxiliary power for PCIe devices
👍🏻USB4 v2 ports capable of very high external storage and docking throughput
👍🏻Suitable for multiple roles including workstation, NAS, and virtualization host
CONS
👎🏻High pricing for a area of the market where buyers are getting used to low, low prices, even for ECC-equipped or fully populated configurations
👎🏻Limited physical space restricts larger GPU and PCIe card choices
👎🏻Fan control largely confined to BIOS with limited OS-level adjustment (TBC)
👎🏻Complexity and tuning requirements may deter less experienced users who want to maximize their investment in this system


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Check Amazon in Your Region for the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra ($999-1499)

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Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Design & Storage

The MS-02 Ultra immediately distinguishes itself from earlier Minisforum workstation designs by abandoning the lighter, more modular internal layout used in systems like the MS-01 and MS-S1 Max. Instead, the chassis adopts a far denser internal structure that resembles a compressed micro-tower, with components stacked tightly around a central airflow channel. While the system still uses a slide-out internal frame, the motion is more deliberate and less fluid than previous designs due to the weight and density of the installed hardware. This approach prioritizes structural rigidity and thermal containment over ease of access, signaling that the MS-02 Ultra is designed to be configured carefully rather than frequently opened.

Storage implementation is one of the defining aspects of the MS-02 Ultra, particularly on the Ultra 9 285HX configuration. In this model, storage is split across the motherboard and a dedicated PCIe combo card. Two M.2 NVMe slots are mounted directly on the board and are positioned close to the CPU and memory area, which places them inside an active airflow path but also imposes strict height limitations. SSDs with tall, pre-attached heatsinks are not practical here, and Minisforum instead supplies low-profile heatsinks intended to work within the confined space. During testing, this design proved functional, though it requires more planning than a conventional desktop layout.

The additional two M.2 slots are integrated into the PCIe card that also houses the dual 25GbE controllers. This card is exclusive to the Ultra 9 285HX version and is responsible for expanding total NVMe capacity from 2 drives to 4. Unlike typical expansion cards, this unit combines networking and storage on a single PCB and includes its own active cooling solution. In use, the card introduces noticeable power draw even when the network interfaces are idle, but it also centralizes high-speed I/O in a way that simplifies cabling and internal layout. This design choice is unusual, but it aligns with the system’s goal of maximizing capability within a small enclosure.

There are also important performance considerations tied to how storage bandwidth is allocated. The motherboard-mounted M.2 slots are specified as PCIe 4.0 x4, but during testing, lane sharing and PCIe crossover behavior resulted in scenarios where one slot operated at PCIe 5.0 x4 while others were reduced to PCIe 3.0 x4. This was not immediately obvious from the documentation and required closer inspection of the PCIe lane map and BIOS configuration to fully understand. While overall throughput remained strong across all drives, the behavior highlights that the MS-02 Ultra expects users to pay attention to lane allocation if they intend to fully populate all storage bays.

From a practical standpoint, the storage design reflects the broader philosophy of the MS-02 Ultra. It offers unusually high capacity and flexibility for a system of this size, but it does so by imposing constraints related to drive selection, thermal clearance, and PCIe bandwidth sharing. For users planning a fixed configuration, these limitations are manageable once understood. For those intending to experiment with different storage combinations over time, the layout rewards careful planning rather than casual swapping. This reinforces the idea that the MS-02 Ultra is engineered for deliberate, long-term deployment rather than frequent hardware iteration.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Internal Hardware

At the core of the MS-02 Ultra is Intel’s Core Ultra HX platform, with the Ultra 9 285HX representing the most complete implementation of what this chassis can support. This processor combines 8 P-cores and 16 E-cores, allowing the system to scale from low-load background tasks to sustained multi-threaded workloads without the immediate thermal collapse often seen in compact systems. In practice, the CPU feels closer to a desktop-class part than a mobile processor, particularly when sustained power limits are raised in the BIOS. That capability comes with tradeoffs in power draw and cooling demand, but it also defines the MS-02 Ultra’s positioning as something far more ambitious than a conventional mini PC.

Memory support further reinforces that distinction. The system includes 4 DDR5 SODIMM slots, but only the Ultra 9 285HX variant enables ECC functionality. During testing, ECC was supported at 4800 MT/s, and while that frequency is lower than some non-ECC DDR5 kits, the stability benefits are clearly aligned with the system’s server-adjacent ambitions. The physical layout of the memory slots is unconventional, with 2 slots positioned close to the CPU cooling path and the remaining 2 mounted on the opposite side of the board.

Minisforum has added a custom heatsink over part of the memory and nearby controllers, suggesting thermal behaviour around the DIMMs was significant enough during development to warrant dedicated mitigation.

PCIe lane availability is one of the most critical aspects of the MS-02 Ultra’s internal design. The system exposes 3 PCIe slots: 1 PCIe 5.0 x16 slot, 1 PCIe 4.0 x16 slot, and 1 PCIe 4.0 x4 slot. Notably, the PCIe 5.0 x16 slot is not occupied by the bundled 25GbE combo card, leaving it available for future expansion. This is an unusual design choice in a system of this size and points to forward-looking intent rather than immediate necessity. However, physical space limits the practicality of using this slot to low-profile, short-length cards, which significantly narrows the pool of compatible GPUs and accelerators.

Power delivery inside the chassis is handled by an internal 350 W PSU, which is uncommon for systems in this size class. During teardown and testing, it became clear that Minisforum opted for an internal unit to support higher transient loads and to provide direct power connectors for PCIe devices. While an external PSU would have simplified thermals and internal space management, the internal design enables a cleaner external setup and removes a common bottleneck seen in expandable mini PCs. The tradeoff is increased internal heat density, which places more responsibility on the cooling system to manage both CPU and power delivery components simultaneously.

Overall, the internal hardware configuration of the MS-02 Ultra reflects a deliberate shift away from simplicity and toward flexibility and scalability. Each major subsystem, CPU, memory, PCIe, and power delivery, is implemented in a way that assumes the user will actively engage with BIOS settings, lane allocation, and hardware planning.

This makes the system less forgiving for casual users but far more capable for those who intend to push it beyond default configurations. Rather than hiding complexity, the MS-02 Ultra exposes it, which is both its defining strength and a potential barrier depending on the user’s expectations.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Ports and Connections

The MS-02 Ultra offers a port layout that reflects its hybrid workstation and infrastructure-focused design rather than a consumer desktop orientation. On the front panel, Minisforum has placed 2 USB4 v2 Type-C ports operating at up to 80 Gbps, alongside a single USB 10 Gbps Type-A port, a 3.5 mm audio jack, and the power button. In practical use, the front USB4 v2 ports proved capable of sustained high-throughput operation, including external NVMe enclosures where transfer speeds in the 6 to 7 GB/s range were observed. This makes the front panel suitable not just for peripherals, but for temporary high-speed storage, capture devices, or docking solutions without needing to access the rear of the system.

The rear I/O panel expands connectivity significantly and is where the system’s infrastructure focus becomes clearer. It includes 1 USB4 Type-C port at 40 Gbps, 3 USB-A ports at 10 Gbps, and a full-size HDMI 2.1 port supporting high-resolution and high-refresh output. The HDMI port provides a straightforward display option for setups that do not rely on DisplayPort over USB4, which is useful in environments where compatibility or cable length is a concern. Together, these ports support multi-display configurations without requiring a discrete GPU, though display bandwidth sharing across USB4 ports should still be considered when attaching multiple high-resolution monitors.

Networking is one of the defining characteristics of the MS-02 Ultra, particularly on the Ultra 9 285HX model. This version includes the previously mentioned 2 25GbE SFP+ ports delivered via the internal PCIe combo card, in addition to a 10GbE RJ45 port and a 2.5GbE RJ45 port. Each wired interface uses a separate controller, allowing simultaneous multi-tier networking without shared bandwidth bottlenecks.

In testing, the presence of multiple active network controllers contributed to higher idle power draw, but it also enables complex routing, storage, or virtualization scenarios that would normally require a much larger system. The 2.5GbE interface also supports Intel vPro, allowing remote management and BIOS-level access in supported environments.

Wireless connectivity is handled by an onboard WiFi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 module, with external antenna connectors located at the rear. In close-range testing, WiFi 7 throughput exceeded 5 Gbps when paired with a compatible router, making it a viable option for high-speed wireless workflows when cabling is impractical.

While wireless connectivity is unlikely to replace the wired interfaces for sustained workloads, its inclusion rounds out the system’s connectivity and reinforces the idea that the MS-02 Ultra is designed to function in a wide range of deployment scenarios, from desk-based workstations to lab or rack-adjacent environments.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Speed, Noise, Heat and Power Tests

In day-to-day operation, the MS-02 Ultra behaves closer to a compact desktop workstation than a typical mini PC, particularly when configured with the Core Ultra 9 285HX. General responsiveness under Windows 11 Pro was consistently strong, even with multiple background tasks running, and the system showed no signs of instability during extended uptime.

Light workloads such as desktop productivity, media playback, and development tools rarely pushed power draw beyond moderate levels, although the presence of the 25GbE combo card does raise baseline consumption compared to smaller Minisforum systems.

CPU-focused testing highlighted the platform’s ability to sustain high loads, but also underscored how aggressively the system can scale power. In Cinebench, single-core workloads typically drew around 65 to 70 W, while full multi-core runs pushed total system power beyond 200 W at peak. These figures are unusually high for a system of this size, but they align with what would be expected from a high-core-count HX processor running with elevated power limits. Despite this, the cooling system maintained control, with external chassis temperatures remaining within reasonable limits even during prolonged stress periods.

Integrated graphics performance was evaluated using a mix of synthetic benchmarks and real-world gaming tests. Cinebench GPU and PCMark scores placed the system solidly ahead of most integrated-graphics mini PCs, but well below even mid-range discrete GPUs. In practice, games such as Sons of the Forest and Street Fighter 6 were playable at 60 FPS using medium settings, confirming that casual and light gaming is viable without additional hardware.

However, more demanding benchmarks like Steel Nomad and Solar Bay Extreme demonstrated clear limitations, reinforcing that users seeking higher graphical fidelity or advanced rendering will need a discrete GPU or external GPU solution.

Where the MS-02 Ultra differentiates itself is in scalability rather than raw out-of-the-box performance. USB4 ports supported external GPUs and high-speed storage without issue, and internal PCIe expansion allowed for measurable gains when discrete graphics were introduced. Storage benchmarks showed expected scaling across PCIe generations, with PCIe 5.0 NVMe drives exceeding 12 GB/s, PCIe 4.0 drives reaching around 6 GB/s, and PCIe 3.0 drives performing in line with their specifications. Overall, performance testing confirmed that the system’s architecture prioritizes flexibility and sustained throughput over specialization in any single workload.

Disclaimer on 25GbE and NAS Testing

This review does not include full performance validation of the dual 25GbE SFP+ interfaces or in-depth NAS and virtualization benchmarking. At the time of testing, a complete 25GbE network environment was not yet in place, which prevented meaningful throughput, latency, and sustained load testing of those ports. As a result, the networking discussion in this article is limited to hardware behavior, configuration, and early observations rather than verified performance metrics. A dedicated follow-up video and article are planned that will focus specifically on deploying the MS-02 Ultra as a NAS and Proxmox host, including detailed 25GbE testing, storage performance under RAID and VM workloads, and long-term stability analysis.

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Review – Conclusion & Verdict

After extended testing, the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra stands out as one of the most ambitious small-form-factor systems Minisforum has produced to date. It is not designed to be a simple plug-and-play mini PC, and it does not try to hide that fact. Almost every aspect of the system, from PCIe lane allocation to storage layout and cooling behavior, assumes the user will be willing to spend time understanding how the hardware fits together. In return, it offers a level of flexibility that is uncommon at this size, combining workstation-class CPU performance with expansion options that normally require a much larger chassis. The result is a system that feels closer to a modular platform than a fixed appliance.

In practical use, the MS-02 Ultra proves capable across a wide range of workloads, but its real value lies in how well it scales beyond its default configuration. CPU performance is strong enough for sustained professional tasks, integrated graphics are sufficient for light gaming and creative work, and the internal and external expansion options open the door to far more demanding roles over time. At the same time, the pricing, particularly for ECC-equipped or fully populated configurations, places it firmly in enthusiast and professional territory. Users who want something quiet, simple, and inexpensive will likely be better served by smaller Minisforum systems. For those who are comfortable tinkering, planning future upgrades, and investing in a platform that can evolve alongside their needs, the MS-02 Ultra delivers a rare combination of compact size, connectivity, and long-term adaptability that few systems currently match.

PROs of the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra CONs of the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra
  • Strong multi-core CPU performance that approaches compact desktop-class systems

  • Unusually high internal expandability for a 4.8 L chassis

  • PCIe 5.0 x16 slot available for future expansion

  • Dual 25GbE SFP+ networking on the 285HX model

  • Support for ECC DDR5 memory on the 285HX configuration

  • Four M.2 NVMe slots available on the top-tier model

  • Internal 350 W PSU with auxiliary power for PCIe devices

  • USB4 v2 ports capable of very high external storage and docking throughput

  • Suitable for multiple roles including workstation, NAS, and virtualization host

  • High pricing for a area of the market where buyers are getting used to low, low prices, even for ECC-equipped or fully populated configurations

  • Limited physical space restricts larger GPU and PCIe card choices

  • Fan control largely confined to BIOS with limited OS-level adjustment (TBC)

  • Complexity and tuning requirements may deter less experienced users who want to maximize their investment in this system

 

Check Amazon in Your Region for the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra ($999-1499)

Check AliExpress or the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra

Check the Official Site for the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra

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Minisforum MS-02 Ultra – Early Impressions (Quick Review)

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra – The First 48 Hours

The MS-02 Ultra is the latest workstation from Minisforum, and is currently undergoing testing and review here at NASCompares. However, even after just 48 hours, a whole bunch of interesting design choices and unique qwerks to the arcitecture have emerged that I wanted to cover in the meantime before the full review is complete. The MS-02 Ultra essentially trying to recapture the magic and impact of the incredibly popular MS-01 – and it is attempting this by doubling, trippling and (in some cases) quadrupling the base specifications! The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra arrives as a compact workstation that incorporates a 24-core Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX processor, up to 256 GB of ECC DDR5 memory, internal 350 W power delivery, multiple PCIe expansion options, and a network configuration that includes dual 25GbE, 10GbE, and 2.5GbE. After 48 hours of initial testing, several hardware behaviors have emerged regarding thermals, acoustics, lane distribution, storage configuration, and chassis layout. The following sections outline these early observations, supported by confirmed specifications and hands-on inspection. Stay tuned for the full review, but at least for now, let’s discuss the early highlights and low lights!

Category Specification
CPU Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX, 24C/24T, up to 5.5 GHz
TDP 100 W PL1 and 140 W PL2 (without dGPU)
Memory 4x DDR5 SODIMM, up to 256 GB, ECC supported on 285HX
Storage 2x M.2 PCIe 4.0 x4 on board, 2x M.2 PCIe 3.0 x4 or 4.0 x4 on NIC combo card
Networking 2x 25GbE SFP+, 1x 10GbE RJ45, 1x 2.5GbE RJ45 (vPro)
Wireless WiFi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4
PCIe Slots 1x PCIe 5.0 x16, 1x PCIe 4.0 x16, 1x PCIe 4.0 x4
USB Ports 2x USB4 v2 Type-C, 1x USB4 Type-C, 3x USB-A 10Gbps
Video Output HDMI 2.1 and USB4 DP Alt Mode
Cooling Six heatpipe radiator with PCM and dual-fan chamber
Power Internal 350 W PSU
Dimensions 221.5 x 225 x 97 mm
Weight 3.45 kg

Design of the MS-02 Ultra

The internal design of the MS-02 Ultra differs considerably from earlier Minisforum workstation models and moves away from the layout used in the MS-S1 Max. Although the system retains a slide-out internal frame, the mechanism is less streamlined than the earlier S-series implementation because of how densely the components are arranged.

The interior resembles a compressed micro-tower layout, with the CPU cooling assembly, PSU, PCIe risers, and storage positions layered closely together. A dual-fan ventilation chamber spans the frontal section of the chassis, pulling air through a vented intake and directing it across the primary cooling hardware before forcing it out the rear. This arrangement appears to be a necessary response to the higher thermal output of the Ultra 9 285HX and the inclusion of multiple expansion slots, both of which require more directed airflow than Minisforum’s previous compact workstation designs.

The placement of internal components reflects the limited spatial tolerance of the 4.8-liter enclosure. The internal 350 W PSU occupies a significant section of the lower frame and includes additional power leads intended for low-profile GPU or accelerator cards, something rarely present in machines of this size. The motherboard runs across most of the horizontal section and positions the CPU vapor-chamber cooler toward the middle, while memory slots, NVMe connectors, and the PCIe riser for the combo NIC occupy the remaining pockets of available space.

Because cooling pipes and the ventilation housing sit directly above the CPU-side memory slots, Minisforum added a custom angled heatsink to ensure airflow reaches these modules. This results in a serviceable layout but one that requires more deliberate disassembly, as the compact structure prioritizes component density and thermal guidance over ease of access or open internal spacing.

Early Heat, Noise and Power Use of the MS-02 Ultra

Initial thermal behavior suggests the MS-02 Ultra is managing its compact layout with a cooling strategy built around a dual-fan chamber and a six-heatpipe radiator assisted by phase-change material. During the first setup period, surface temperatures around the chassis varied, with readings near the side ventilation panels and case edges settling around the low-to-mid 40s, while the front intake area measured lower due to the direct airflow path.

Early internal temperature checks, taken before any sustained workloads were applied, showed values consistent with a system that is heavily packed but actively cooled across multiple zones. These readings align with Minisforum’s stated 5000 RPM maximum fan speed and the intention to maintain a 100 W to 140 W CPU power envelope depending on configuration. However, because these measurements were taken during routine preparation rather than stress testing, they provide only a preliminary indication of how the system will manage long-duration loads.

Noise levels during this early period ranged from the low 30s dBA while performing software installations and background operations, with no significant fluctuations unless brief bursts of activity occurred. This behavior suggests fan control may be tied primarily to BIOS-level thermal triggers rather than granular OS-side control, something that will require further testing.

Power consumption during light activity remained in the 50 to 60 W range, which is consistent with a workstation-class system running the Ultra 9 285HX while idle or handling moderate foreground tasks. Removing the dual-25GbE combo card or disabling its slot reduced power draw by roughly 10 to 11 W, highlighting the overhead associated with multi-lane NICs and onboard controllers. These early figures provide a baseline for comparison against heavier benchmarks that will be performed in the full review.

The 25GbE, 10GbE and WiFi 7 Network Card in the MS-02 Ultra

The MS-02 Ultra’s networking implementation is centered around a PCIe-based combo card that integrates dual 25GbE SFP+ ports with two additional M.2 NVMe slots. This card is installed in the PCIe 4.0 x16 position rather than the PCIe 5.0 slot, and it includes a dedicated controller with active cooling and heatsinks that cover both the networking and storage components.

Early inspection shows the card draws a notable amount of power, which corresponds with the increased thermal and electrical requirements of Intel’s E810-class 25GbE controllers. Because of this, Minisforum’s inclusion of dedicated airflow and structural reinforcement around the card is necessary within the constrained 4.8-liter chassis. The presence of this dual-purpose add-in card also means the MS-02 Ultra’s total NVMe count depends on whether the system is configured with the 285HX version, as the lower-tier CPUs remove the combo module entirely.

Beyond the 25GbE configuration, the system includes onboard 10GbE and 2.5GbE RJ45 ports, the latter supported by Intel’s i226-LM with vPro capabilities, allowing BIOS-level remote management. The combination of high-speed SFP+, copper-based multi-gigabit ports, and embedded management options positions the system for lab, server, or virtualization roles rather than conventional desktop use.

Wireless capability is supplied via a WiFi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 module connected through an M.2 E-Key slot, providing high-throughput wireless performance alongside its wired interfaces. Together, these connectivity features expand the system’s potential use cases, particularly for users planning to deploy virtualized environments or bandwidth-intensive tasks such as shared storage testing or multi-system clustering.

How m.2 Storage on the MS-02 Ultra is Done

The MS-02 Ultra distributes its four NVMe slots across two different locations, with two mounted on the mainboard and two integrated into the dual-25GbE combo card. The pair located on the system board are positioned on the underside, near the memory and CPU assembly, and both are listed as PCIe 4.0 x4 according to Minisforum’s documentation.

Early inspection suggests that one of these may have a PCIe 5.0 lane path available at the hardware level, though software restrictions or lane bifurcation rules may currently limit it to Gen 4 behavior. This is an area that requires further validation using a Gen 5 SSD, as the lane layout on the 285HX platform allows various allocation possibilities depending on how Minisforum assigned bandwidth between CPU, chipset, and expansion slots. These internal slots have modest vertical clearance, meaning SSDs with tall heatsinks cannot be used without removing or replacing the pre-fitted cooling structures.

The remaining two NVMe slots reside on the network combo card alongside the 25GbE controllers. These operate under different bandwidth rules depending on SSD capacity: drives up to 4 TB operate at PCIe 4.0 x4, while larger 8 TB models shift down to PCIe 3.0 x4. This behavior appears to be related to the card’s onboard controller and how its internal bifurcation splits resources between the NIC and storage lanes.

Physical space is also restricted on the card, requiring low-profile SSDs in certain positions to avoid obstruction of the cooling shroud and airflow channel. Minisforum includes an additional heatsink in the package for users installing their own drives, but using SSDs with taller factory heatsinks may be impractical. Altogether, storage layout on the MS-02 Ultra is functional and high-capacity, but with lane behaviors and physical constraints that require attention during configuration.

Memory on the MS-02 Ultra

The MS-02 Ultra provides four DDR5 SODIMM slots, but their distribution within the chassis is unconventional due to the system’s compact thermal layout. Two slots sit on the mainboard near the CPU-side M.2 positions, placed directly in the airflow path of the vapor-chamber cooler and its dual-fan assembly. Because of this, Minisforum has added a custom angled heatsink that draws air from the primary cooling channel across the modules and nearby components.

This arrangement is intended to compensate for the thermal density around the CPU area, where heat buildup would otherwise be more likely. These two slots support both ECC and non-ECC memory, though ECC functionality is active only on the 285HX model. Their placement suggests Minisforum prioritized consistent airflow over ease of access, making upgrades possible but less straightforward than on more open workstation layouts.

The remaining pair of SODIMM slots is located on the opposite side of the board, positioned away from the CPU cooling assembly and closer to the chassis frame. These modules have more breathing room but rely on passive airflow from the system’s general ventilation rather than a focused cooling path. All four slots support speeds up to 4800 MHz, with XMP profiles unavailable due to Minisforum’s implementation and Intel’s platform limitations.

During early testing, memory installation worked as expected, though the arrangement of these slots means users planning maximum 256 GB configurations will need to work within the physical constraints of the layout. Overall, the memory design reflects a tradeoff between supporting high-capacity ECC configurations and fitting the necessary cooling infrastructure into a small volume.

PCIe Card Support on the MS-02 Ultra

The MS-02 Ultra incorporates three PCIe slots arranged to maximize flexibility within its compact chassis: a PCIe 5.0 x16 slot, a PCIe 4.0 x16 slot, and a PCIe 4.0 x4 slot. The PCIe 5.0 slot is left unoccupied by default, allowing users to install a low-profile GPU or accelerator card that fits within the airflow and power constraints of the 350 W internal PSU.

Minisforum includes auxiliary power cables within the system, which is uncommon for small-form-factor workstations and indicates that the chassis is intended to support cards that require supplemental power. Because of the chassis height and width, only dual-slot, low-profile cards with modest cooling requirements are viable, but this still introduces options for compute or media workloads that benefit from hardware acceleration.

The PCIe 4.0 x16 slot is occupied in the 285HX configuration by the dual-25GbE plus dual-M.2 combo card, which introduces additional thermal and power considerations. This leaves the PCIe 4.0 x4 slot available for further expansion, provided the card used meets the system’s spatial limitations. The layout demonstrates Minisforum’s approach to balancing lane allocation between CPU, storage, and networking, especially given the 24 available PCIe lanes on the Ultra 9 platform.

Although the physical presence of three slots in such a compact volume is unusual, the arrangement is functional, and power delivery from the internal PSU supports moderate add-in card configurations. Users will need to consider airflow direction, card length, and slot occupation carefully to avoid restricting internal ventilation.

Conclusion and Verdict on the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra (So Far…)

The MS-02 Ultra presents a compact workstation design that integrates a high-core-count CPU, multiple NVMe storage options, high-speed networking, and an internal PSU within a tightly arranged chassis. Early testing indicates that the system’s thermal behavior, noise profile, and power draw are consistent with its component density, though the long-term performance of its cooling strategy requires extended benchmarking before reaching definitive conclusions. The design choices, such as the split placement of memory slots, the use of a large dual-fan cooling chamber, and the reliance on a densely packed internal layout, all reflect Minisforum’s effort to fit workstation-grade hardware into a constrained volume.

In terms of features, the dual-25GbE plus dual-M.2 combo card remains the most distinctive element, expanding the system’s potential for virtualized environments, NAS roles, and bandwidth-heavy workflows. PCIe allocation, memory configuration, and storage behavior introduce several considerations for users planning upgrades or specialized deployments. While these early observations indicate a capable and flexible platform, further testing is necessary to determine sustained thermal performance, PCIe stability under load, and real-world throughput of the networking and storage subsystems. The forthcoming full review will provide those extended results, but for now, the system presents a feature-rich design with several areas that merit deeper evaluation.

Where to Buy the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra?

Check Amazon in Your Region for the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra

Check AliExpress for the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra

Check the Official Site for the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra

 

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Finally, for free advice about your setup, just leave a message in the comments below here at NASCompares.com and we will get back to you. Need Help? Where possible (and where appropriate) please provide as much information about your requirements, as then I can arrange the best answer and solution to your needs. Do not worry about your e-mail address being required, it will NOT be used in a mailing list and will NOT be used in any way other than to respond to your enquiry. [contact-form-7] TRY CHAT Terms and Conditions
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Minsforum MS-02 Revealed – 25GbE, Intel i9, ECC, 4x M.2, Gen5 PCIe

The Minisforum MS-02 Workstation – FINALLY A MS-01 KILLER?

Note – Massive thanks to PCWatch for their coverage of the Japan IT Week 2025 Event. They made an excellent article on the Minisforum MS-02 HERE and was the source for today’s article. Check them out!

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is a compact 4.8-liter workstation revealed at Japan IT Week Autumn 2025, marking a major upgrade over the earlier MS-01 model. Built around Intel’s 24-core Core Ultra 9 285HX processor, it merges high-end mobile CPU performance with features traditionally reserved for full-size desktops. The system includes support for up to 256 GB of ECC DDR5 memory, four PCIe 4.0 NVMe slots, and three PCIe expansion slots, one of which supports PCIe 5.0 ×16. Network connectivity options extend up to dual 25 GbE SFP28 ports, alongside 10 GbE and 2.5 GbE (vPro) Ethernet. Designed to serve as a workstation or mini-server, the MS-02 Ultra incorporates an internal 350 W Flex PSU, a slide-out chassis for maintenance, and advanced front-to-rear cooling architecture.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch
Category Brief Specification
Processor Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX (24 cores 8P + 16E, 36 MB cache, up to 5.5 GHz)
Memory 4 × DDR5 SO-DIMM slots (up to 256 GB 4800 MHz, ECC supported)
Storage 4 × M.2 2280 PCIe 4.0 ×4 slots (up to 16 TB total)
Expansion 1 × PCIe 5.0 ×16, 1 × PCIe 4.0 ×16 (25 GbE NIC installed by default), 1 × PCIe 4.0 ×4
Networking 2 × 25 GbE SFP28, 1 × 10 GbE RJ-45 (Realtek RTL8127), 1 × 2.5 GbE (vPro Intel i226-LM)
USB Ports 2 × USB4 v2 Type-C (80 Gbps), 1 × USB4 Type-C (40 Gbps), 3 × USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-A (10 Gbps)
Display Output 1 × HDMI 2.1 (up to 8K 60 Hz / 4K 120 Hz support)
Audio 1 × 3.5 mm combo jack (TRRS)
Wireless M.2 2230 E-Key slot (Wi-Fi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 support)
Power Supply 350 W internal Flex PSU (100–240 V AC input)
Dimensions 221.5 × 225 × 97 mm (≈ 4.8 liters)
Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Minisforum MS-02 – Internal Hardware

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is built around Intel’s Arrow Lake-HX platform, with the Core Ultra 9 285HX serving as its central processor. This 24-core CPU combines eight performance cores and sixteen efficiency cores, reaching up to 5.5 GHz while maintaining a 140 W thermal design power. It incorporates an integrated Intel Arc GPU with four Xe cores and an NPU capable of up to 13 TOPS for AI acceleration. The CPU provides 24 PCIe lanes in total, which are distributed among the system’s multiple expansion and storage options.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Memory capacity is one of the most notable upgrades over its predecessor. The MS-02 Ultra offers four DDR5 SO-DIMM slots, supporting up to 256 GB of 4800 MHz memory, with full ECC functionality for stability in continuous workloads. Two modules are located on the CPU side of the board, and two on the reverse, optimizing thermal spacing and service access. This capacity places it closer to entry-level server configurations than typical mini PCs, reinforcing its suitability for virtualization or compute-heavy tasks.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Storage expansion is handled through four M.2 2280 NVMe slots, each supporting PCIe 4.0 ×4 bandwidth. Combined, these slots can accommodate up to 16 TB of SSD storage. The system’s slide-out chassis design allows quick installation or replacement of drives, simplifying maintenance. Minisforum has also introduced a small debug LED and clear CMOS button on the board, indicating that the model is targeted toward users familiar with system-level configuration and troubleshooting.

Expansion flexibility extends far beyond most small form factor workstations. The system includes three PCIe slots: one PCIe 5.0 ×16, one PCIe 4.0 ×16 (often occupied by a 25 GbE NIC in standard configurations), and one PCIe 4.0 ×4. The top slot can host dual-slot desktop graphics cards, drawing up to 140 W through an included 8-pin auxiliary connector. This allows for the addition of mid-range GPUs such as the NVIDIA RTX 4000 SFF Ada or workstation accelerators, while still retaining physical compactness.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Power delivery is managed through a built-in 350 W Flex PSU that eliminates the need for an external brick. This internal supply was a deliberate shift from the MS-01’s external adapter and helps sustain higher CPU and GPU draw without additional clutter. The unit supports 100–240 V AC input, giving it universal deployment flexibility for both workstation and light server scenarios.

 

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Minisforum MS-02 – Ports and Connections

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra includes a broad range of connectivity options intended to support both workstation and server workloads. Front access is optimized for frequent use, featuring two USB4 Version 2.0 Type-C ports offering 80 Gbps bandwidth each, a 10 Gbps USB Type-A port, a 3.5 mm audio combo jack, and the system power button. These front USB4 v2 ports also support DisplayPort Alternate Mode and Power Delivery up to 15 W per port, making them suitable for high-speed data transfer or direct monitor output without additional adapters.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

The rear I/O layout is designed for permanent peripheral and network connections. It includes a third USB4 Type-C port rated at 40 Gbps, three USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-A ports at 10 Gbps each, and a single HDMI 2.1 output supporting up to 8K at 60 Hz or 4K at 120 Hz. For network communication, the MS-02 Ultra integrates four ports in total: two 25 GbE SFP28, one 10 GbE RJ-45, and one 2.5 GbE RJ-45. The 2.5 GbE interface uses Intel’s i226-LM controller and supports vPro remote management for BIOS-level administration, which is beneficial for enterprise or headless operation.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Wireless connectivity is provided by an M.2 2230 E-Key slot supporting Wi-Fi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4 modules, enabling flexible configuration for wireless networks or peripheral pairing. The combination of USB4 v2, multiple Ethernet options, and RDMA capability positions the MS-02 Ultra as a system ready for both high-performance workstation setups and compact server deployments. Its port layout, with both front and rear accessibility, ensures straightforward use in horizontal or vertical orientations.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Minisforum MS-02 – Cooling and Temperature Management

The cooling system of the Minisforum MS-02 Ultra is designed to manage sustained high thermal loads while maintaining compact dimensions. The chassis follows a front-intake and rear-exhaust airflow pattern, similar to rackmount servers. A six-heatpipe radiator combined with phase-change material (PCM) ensures efficient heat dissipation from both the CPU and expansion slots. This design enables the system to maintain stable operation at a 140 W CPU TDP, even when fully populated with PCIe cards and NVMe storage. Airflow direction also varies depending on the unit’s orientation, with side-mounted intakes feeding the expansion slots and rear vents handling exhaust when the unit is placed horizontally or vertically.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

The internal layout is structured to prevent thermal overlap between major components. The CPU and memory modules are cooled through a direct-contact heat spreader, while GPU and add-in cards draw intake air from the left side and expel it from the right or top, depending on placement. The inclusion of an internal 350 W Flex PSU was balanced with this design, ensuring sufficient clearance and airflow. This approach allows the MS-02 Ultra to sustain continuous high-load performance without external cooling solutions or the noise levels typical of larger tower workstations.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Minisforum MS-02 Ultra Workstation – Worth waiting for?

The Minisforum MS-02 Ultra represents a substantial progression from the original MS-01 workstation, addressing nearly every limitation of its predecessor. The earlier model, released in 2023, gained attention for integrating desktop-class performance into a small form factor but was constrained by its single-slot PCIe design, limited memory capacity, and reliance on an external power brick. The MS-02 Ultra resolves these issues with four DDR5 SO-DIMM slots supporting up to 256 GB ECC memory, a dual-slot PCIe 5.0 ×16 slot for graphics or accelerator cards, and a fully internal 350 W Flex PSU. These refinements, along with the addition of 25 GbE networking and USB4 v2 connectivity, elevate the system into a new category that bridges high-end workstation and compact enterprise server design.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

Performance and versatility are at the center of this system’s concept. The inclusion of a 24-core Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX CPU and up to four PCIe 4.0 NVMe drives positions it for continuous workloads such as virtualization, software development, or AI inference without the thermal or structural compromises typical of small PCs. Minisforum’s decision to adopt ECC memory and RDMA-capable networking also underlines a shift toward reliability and professional usage scenarios rather than enthusiast or gaming audiences.

Credit to Liu Yao @ PC Watch

In terms of market placement, pricing has yet to be confirmed, but early indications suggest the MS-02 Ultra will likely start around $1,500, with higher configurations approaching or exceeding $2,000 depending on memory, storage, and NIC options. This aligns it with compact workstations like the ASRock DeskMeet X600 and high-end mini servers from OEM integrators, though the Minisforum model’s density and component flexibility set it apart. Overall, the MS-02 Ultra shows how far the brand’s SFF engineering has advanced since the MS-01, turning a well-liked prototype concept into a fully realized professional-grade workstation built for sustained heavy use.

Note – Massive thanks to PCWatch for their coverage of the Japan IT Week 2025 Event. They made an excellent article on the Minisforum MS-02 HERE and was the source for today’s article. Check them out!

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Need Advice on Data Storage from an Expert?

Finally, for free advice about your setup, just leave a message in the comments below here at NASCompares.com and we will get back to you. Need Help? Where possible (and where appropriate) please provide as much information about your requirements, as then I can arrange the best answer and solution to your needs. Do not worry about your e-mail address being required, it will NOT be used in a mailing list and will NOT be used in any way other than to respond to your enquiry. [contact-form-7] TRY CHAT Terms and Conditions
If you like this service, please consider supporting us. We use affiliate links on the blog allowing NAScompares information and advice service to be free of charge to you.Anything you purchase on the day you click on our links will generate a small commission which isused to run the website. Here is a link for Amazon and B&H.You can also get me a ☕ Ko-fi or old school Paypal. Thanks!To find out more about how to support this advice service check HEREIf you need to fix or configure a NAS, check Fiver Have you thought about helping others with your knowledge? Find Instructions Here  
 
Or support us by using our affiliate links on Amazon UK and Amazon US
    
 
Alternatively, why not ask me on the ASK NASCompares forum, by clicking the button below. This is a community hub that serves as a place that I can answer your question, chew the fat, share new release information and even get corrections posted. I will always get around to answering ALL queries, but as a one-man operation, I cannot promise speed! So by sharing your query in the ASK NASCompares section below, you can get a better range of solutions and suggestions, alongside my own.

☕ WE LOVE COFFEE ☕

 

Minisforum MS-01 vs MS-A2 – Which Is Better?

Minisforum MS-01 vs MS-A2 – Which Should You Buy?

Minisforum has steadily earned recognition in the compact workstation space, and the MS-01 stands as one of its most prominent entries. Released with a focus on balancing high-performance hardware in a small chassis, the MS-01 quickly found popularity among professionals needing powerful networking and scalable internals without the bulk of a full-sized desktop. It supports CPUs up to the Intel Core i9-13900H, includes dual 10GbE SFP+ ports, and provides expansion via a PCIe 4.0 x16 slot (operating at x8 speed), giving users access to discrete graphics or high-performance cards if needed. With three internal M.2 slots and support for up to 64GB of DDR5 memory, the MS-01 became a go-to mini workstation for users who value connectivity and component flexibility at a relatively modest price point.

In early 2025, Minisforum introduced the MS-A2 — a system clearly designed as a next-generation counterpart to the MS-01, but one that leans into AMD’s latest advancements. Featuring the Ryzen 9 9955HX processor based on the Zen 5 architecture, the MS-A2 offers more cores, more threads, faster base and boost clocks, and higher supported memory capacity, reaching up to 96GB DDR5 at 5600MHz. It also brings upgrades in memory bandwidth, M.2 storage speed (with all three slots supporting PCIe 4.0 x4), and internal thermal design. From a feature standpoint, the MS-A2 is positioned to meet or exceed the MS-01 in most categories — but it does so with a noticeable bump in price. Still, for users prioritizing top-end performance and storage throughput, the MS-A2 might justify the premium. The sections below break down how these systems stack up in real-world terms — not just on paper, but in actual deployment.

Minisforum MS-A2 vs MS-01 – Hardware Specifications Compared

At a glance, both the MS-01 and MS-A2 share a near-identical chassis, measuring 196×189×48mm and following Minisforum’s signature small form factor aesthetic. Internally, however, there are several notable differences that affect both systems’ expandability and long-term utility. Both devices feature three M.2 slots for high-speed NVMe SSDs, but only the MS-A2 supports full PCIe 4.0 x4 lanes on all three slots. By contrast, the MS-01 includes a single PCIe 4.0 x4 slot, one PCIe 3.0 x4 slot, and one limited PCIe 3.0 x2 slot. This directly impacts storage performance, especially for users aiming to run multiple high-throughput drives in parallel. In real terms, the MS-A2 allows up to three SSDs each capable of saturating 7,000MB/s read speeds, whereas the MS-01 will bottleneck in its second and third storage bays.

Specification MS-01 (Intel Core i9-13900H) MS-A2 (AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX)
CPU Intel Core i9-13900H (14C/20T, up to 5.4GHz) AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX (16C/32T, Zen 5, up to 5.4GHz)
GPU Intel Iris Xe (96 EUs @ 1.5GHz) AMD Radeon 610M (2 CUs @ 2.2GHz)
RAM Support DDR5-5200MHz, up to 64GB (2x SO-DIMM) DDR5-5600MHz, up to 96GB (2x SO-DIMM)
M.2 Storage 1x PCIe 4.0 x4 (2280), 1x PCIe 3.0 x4 (22110), 1x PCIe 3.0 x2 1x PCIe 4.0 x4 (U.2/2280), 2x PCIe 4.0 x4 (2280/22110)
Max Storage Capacity Up to 15TB (U.2), 4TB (each 2280/22110 slot) Up to 15TB (U.2), 4TB (each 2280/22110 slot)
PCIe Expansion 1x PCIe 4.0 x16 slot (x8 speed, half-height) 1x PCIe 4.0 x16 slot (x8 speed, split support)
Ethernet Ports 2x 10Gbps SFP+, 2x 2.5GbE RJ45 2x 10Gbps SFP+, 2x 2.5GbE RJ45
Wi-Fi & Bluetooth Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.2 Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.3
Display Output 1x HDMI 2.0, 2x USB4 (Alt DisplayPort 1.4a) 1x HDMI 2.1, 2x USB-C (Alt DisplayPort 2.0, up to 8K@60Hz)
USB Ports (Front) 2x USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-A, 1x USB 3.2 Gen1, 2x USB 2.0 2x USB 3.2 Gen1 Type-A, 1x USB 2.0 Type-A, 1x Audio Jack
USB Ports (Rear) 2x USB4 (40Gbps), 1x USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-A, 1x USB 3.2 Gen1 2x USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-C, 1x USB 3.2 Gen2 Type-A, 1x USB 3.2 Gen1
Audio I/O HDMI audio + 3.5mm combo jack HDMI audio + 3.5mm 4-in-1 combo jack (input/output)
Cooling 1x CPU fan (12V), 1x SSD fans (5V) 1x CPU fan (12V), 1x SSD fans (5V)
Power Supply 19V DC input (external adapter) 19V / 12.63A (external adapter)
OS Support Windows 11 Pro Windows 11 / Linux
Chassis Dimensions 196 × 189 × 48 mm 196 × 189 × 48 mm
Additional Accessories U.2 adapter, SSD heatsink, mounting hardware Not specified

Both systems include a PCIe 4.0 expansion slot, which is a rare and welcome inclusion in mini PCs. On the MS-01, this slot is x16 physically but electrically operates at x8 speed and is suitable for half-height, single-slot PCIe cards. The MS-A2 retains this format but introduces PCIe bifurcation support, enabling more advanced setups with compatible cards — a notable advantage for developers or users building niche use cases like NVMe RAID or multi-GPU compute tasks in an edge environment. Additionally, memory support is slightly more capable on the AMD model, with the MS-A2 supporting up to 96GB of DDR5-5600 via two SO-DIMM slots, compared to the MS-01’s 64GB ceiling at DDR5-5200. This can make a tangible difference in virtualization or memory-intensive creative workflows.

In terms of connectivity, both units are very well equipped: dual 10GbE SFP+ ports, dual 2.5GbE RJ45, HDMI output, USB 3.2 Gen1/Gen2 Type-A ports, and USB4 (or USB-C with DisplayPort alt mode). The MS-A2 takes a slight lead in display output capabilities, supporting HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 2.0 over USB-C, compared to HDMI 2.0 and DisplayPort 1.4a on the MS-01. This means the AMD system supports 8K60 and 4K144 video streams natively. Wireless capability is also a step ahead on the MS-A2 with Wi-Fi 6E and Bluetooth 5.3, compared to the MS-01’s Wi-Fi 6 and Bluetooth 5.2. Altogether, while the MS-01 still holds up well a year after release, the MS-A2 offers clearly improved throughput, higher bandwidth components, and better display and wireless standards.

Minisforum MS-01 vs MS-A2 – CPUs Compared

The defining difference between the Minisforum MS-01 and MS-A2 lies in their processor choices: the Intel Core i9-13900H and the AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX, respectively. While both CPUs are built for high-end mobile performance and boast identical peak boost clocks of up to 5.4GHz, the underlying architecture and core configurations are markedly different. The i9-13900H uses a hybrid architecture with 6 performance cores and 8 efficiency cores, totaling 14 cores and 20 threads. In contrast, the Ryzen 9 9955HX employs 16 full-fledged performance cores and 32 threads based on AMD’s latest Zen 5 architecture. For users engaged in parallel processing tasks—such as 3D rendering, large-scale compilation, or virtualization—the extra cores and threads in the AMD chip deliver a tangible performance uplift.

Specification

 

AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX

Intel Core i9-13900H

Better Performer

 

Architecture Zen 5 (TSMC 4nm) Raptor Lake (Intel 7) AMD (newer architecture, denser node)
Cores / Threads 16C / 32T 14C (6P+8E) / 20T AMD (more cores and threads)
Base Clock 2.5 GHz ~3.1 GHz (P-cores, estimated) Intel (higher base for performance cores)
Boost Clock 5.4 GHz 5.4 GHz Tie
L2 Cache 16 MB Part of total cache (not separated) AMD (clearly larger L2 cache)
L3 Cache 64 MB 24 MB AMD (much larger L3 cache)
TDP (Base / Max) 55W / 75W 45W / 115W Depends (Intel boosts higher, AMD more efficient)
Integrated GPU Radeon 610M (2 CUs @ 2.2GHz) Iris Xe (96 EUs @ 1.5GHz) Intel (much better GPU performance)
Memory Support DDR5-5600, up to 96 GB DDR5-5200, LPDDR5x-6400, DDR4/LPDDR4x Intel (more flexible memory support)
PCIe Support PCIe 5.0 (28 lanes) PCIe 5.0 (CPU) + PCIe 3.0 (Chipset) AMD (uniform PCIe 5.0 support)
Overclocking Yes (Unlocked, PBO, Curve Optimizer) No AMD
Memory Overclocking AMD EXPO Intel XMP Tie
Instruction Set x86-64, AVX512, SSE4A 64-bit, AVX2, SSE4.2 AMD (supports AVX512)
Multithreading Yes (SMT) Yes (Hyper-Threading) Tie
AI Acceleration None DL Boost, GNA 3.0 Intel (dedicated AI features)
Virtualization AMD-V VT-x, VT-d, VT-rp Intel (more granular features)
Security Features SHA, AES, SEV TME, Boot Guard, Control-Flow Enforcement Intel (broader security set)
Display Output DP 2.0, HDMI 2.1 DP 1.4a, HDMI 2.1 AMD (newer DisplayPort version)
Graphics API Support DirectX 12, HDMI 2.1, DP 2.0 DirectX 12.1, HDMI 2.1, DP 1.4a Tie
USB Support USB 3.2 Gen 2 (4), USB 2.0 (1) Thunderbolt 4 (USB4), USB 3.2 Intel (Thunderbolt included)
RAID/NVMe Support Boot, RAID0/1/10 Likely supported via chipset AMD (more explicitly documented)
Thermal Headroom (TjMax) 100°C 100°C Tie
Software Ecosystem Windows/Linux, no vPro Windows/Linux, vPro supported Intel (enterprise-ready)
Smart Platform Features SmartShift MAX, SmartAccess Memory Thread Director, Adaptix, Speed Shift Intel (broader platform-wide optimization)
Max Memory Speed (Type) DDR5-5600 LPDDR5x-6400 Intel (higher speed supported)
ECC Support Not specified No Tie (consumer chips)
Max Displays Supported 4 4 Tie
Target Segment Gaming, Content Creation AI Tasks, Office/Enterprise Depends on use case

Zen 5 is a notable advancement over its predecessors, built on TSMC’s 4nm process and optimized for both performance and power efficiency. This gives the Ryzen 9 9955HX a structural advantage in multithreaded scenarios, with improved instruction throughput, cache handling, and memory bandwidth. The Intel Core i9-13900H, based on Raptor Lake and fabricated using Intel’s “7” process (a refinement of their 10nm SuperFin node), holds its own with mature thread management and strong single-thread performance. Its support for Intel’s Thread Director technology ensures efficient scheduling across its mixed-core layout, which can be beneficial in workloads like content creation and lightly-threaded business apps. However, the Ryzen chip’s unified core design tends to yield more predictable and consistent scaling when all threads are pushed simultaneously, reducing thermal spikes and improving overall sustained performance.

Thermal and power characteristics further highlight the gap between the two systems. Intel’s i9-13900H has a base power of 45W but can boost up to 115W under load, while AMD’s Ryzen 9 9955HX has a configurable TDP ranging from 55W to 75W. Although the Intel chip has a higher upper limit, in practice it tends to spike power draw during short workloads and then throttle back. In comparison, the Ryzen CPU maintains a steadier thermal and power profile over longer tasks. This behavior was reflected in sustained tests over one-hour and 24-hour windows under mixed network and compute usage: the MS-A2’s CPU performed more consistently, with lower long-term thermal build-up, aided by its upgraded internal fan design. Combined with support for up to 96GB of DDR5 memory versus 64GB on the MS-01, the MS-A2’s CPU configuration offers better overall headroom for demanding, sustained workstation use.

Minisforum MS-A2 vs MS-01 – Graphics and Processing Power Compared

Although the Minisforum MS-01 and MS-A2 are positioned as compact workstations rather than gaming rigs, integrated graphics performance still plays a role in determining their suitability for visual workloads, media playback, and GPU-accelerated tasks. The MS-01 leverages Intel’s Iris Xe graphics, which includes 96 execution units running at up to 1.5GHz. The MS-A2, on the other hand, features AMD’s Radeon 610M — a lightweight RDNA2-based iGPU with 2 compute units operating at 2.2GHz. While the AMD GPU has a higher clock speed on paper, the significantly larger number of execution units in the Iris Xe gives the Intel system a considerable edge in real-world performance. In benchmarks such as the Steel Nomad Light test, the MS-01 consistently delivered higher frame rates and better render completion times, particularly during prolonged sequences that tax the GPU.

This performance advantage was also evident in media encoding and general GPU-accelerated workloads. Intel’s integrated graphics tend to benefit from better driver maturity, wider codec support (particularly for Quick Sync Video), and improved handling in professional apps with Intel-optimized pipelines. Users working in environments involving light 3D rendering, accelerated video encoding, or virtual display compositing are more likely to see stable and consistent results from the MS-01’s iGPU. However, it’s important to note that neither device is intended to replace a discrete GPU for high-end graphical workflows. Their iGPUs are best suited for media playback, multi-monitor output, light rendering tasks, and as fallback units for headless server use.

That said, the MS-A2 reclaims ground when it comes to video output capabilities. While the MS-01 supports HDMI 2.0 and DisplayPort 1.4a via USB4, the MS-A2 steps forward with HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 2.0 over Type-C. This enables support for up to 8K at 60Hz and 4K at 144Hz, offering tangible benefits for users who rely on ultra-high-resolution displays or high refresh rate monitors in productivity setups. Professionals in video editing, CAD work, or photography may find that this broader standard support gives the AMD model a longer shelf life as display technologies advance. In broader processing terms, the MS-A2’s superior CPU — the Ryzen 9 9955HX — delivers more overall compute performance, particularly in multi-threaded applications. But for users with GPU-reliant workloads or who value stability across legacy software environments, the MS-01’s Iris Xe graphics make a compelling case. Ultimately, choosing between the two comes down to workload distribution: CPU-heavy environments favor the MS-A2, while mixed or GPU-skewed tasks lean toward the MS-01.

Minisforum MS-01 vs MS-A2 – Conclusion and Verdict

After evaluating both systems across CPU architecture, internal connectivity, storage bandwidth, and thermal performance, it becomes clear that the Minisforum MS-01 and MS-A2 cater to slightly different segments of the same professional user base. The MS-01, despite being over a year old, still offers a well-balanced configuration with mature Intel performance, reliable thermal behavior, and excellent compatibility with existing Intel-optimized software. Its Intel Core i9-13900H processor delivers solid single-core performance and responsive handling in mixed-load scenarios, particularly when combined with Iris Xe graphics that outperform AMD’s 610M in general GPU-accelerated tasks. When paired with dual 10GbE SFP+ ports, 2.5GbE RJ45, and PCIe expansion, the MS-01 provides considerable functionality in a highly compact chassis — all at a more affordable starting price than its AMD counterpart.

However, the MS-A2’s specification gains are more than just incremental. It introduces a newer CPU platform with significantly higher multi-threaded performance, better storage throughput via triple PCIe 4.0 x4 M.2 slots, and wider memory support scaling up to 96GB at 5600MHz. These improvements position the A2 as a clear upgrade in raw compute potential. Enhanced display output support, including HDMI 2.1 and DP 2.0 over USB-C, adds flexibility for users deploying ultra-high-resolution or high-refresh-rate monitors in content creation, design, or data visualization environments. Furthermore, the updated internal cooling system — subtle in layout but effective in long-term thermal consistency — ensures the AMD-based system maintains sustained performance under extended workloads. While the MS-A2 demands a higher upfront investment, it delivers longer-term value for users running multi-threaded software stacks, high-speed storage arrays, or heavy virtual machine workloads. In essence, the MS-01 is still a dependable and well-priced workstation that meets the needs of a wide user base. But the MS-A2 redefines Minisforum’s performance ceiling with broader bandwidth, more compute power, and enhanced scalability. For users focused on future-proofing, heavier workloads, or maximizing hardware capability within a small form factor, the MS-A2 is the more capable — if more expensive — option. Your choice ultimately comes down to whether cost or capability is the higher priority in your deployment.

Minisforum MS-01 Pros and Cons Minisforum MS-A2 Pros and Cons
  • Lower Price Point
    The MS-01 is considerably more affordable than the MS-A2, making it a better value for users with lighter or mixed workloads.
    The MS-A2 demands a premium due to its higher-end specs, which may not be fully utilized in typical home or office deployments.

  • Superior Integrated Graphics (Intel Iris Xe)
    With 96 execution units, the Iris Xe GPU in the MS-01 outperforms the Radeon 610M in the MS-A2 for media encoding, driver stability, and general GPU-accelerated workloads.
    The MS-A2’s Radeon 610M has only 2 compute units and is weaker in rendering, encoding, and professional visual tasks.

  • Thunderbolt 4 and Mature USB4 Support
    The MS-01 offers USB4 with DisplayPort 1.4a and Thunderbolt compatibility, which ensures greater peripheral compatibility and broader bandwidth for external devices.
    The MS-A2 lacks Thunderbolt and uses USB-C ports with DisplayPort 2.0, which are better for displays but more limited in external expansion options.

  • More Established Intel Software Ecosystem
    Features like Intel vPro, Thread Director, and DL Boost make the MS-01 better suited to enterprise, AI inference, and compatibility with legacy Intel-tuned workloads.
    The MS-A2 is newer but lacks mature support for certain enterprise features like vPro or AI-specific instructions.

  • Limited Storage Bandwidth
    Only one of the three M.2 slots runs at PCIe 4.0 x4; the others run at PCIe 3.0 x4 and x2. This bottlenecks multi-drive setups or RAID configurations.
    The MS-A2 supports PCIe 4.0 x4 on all three M.2 slots, enabling full-speed NVMe performance on every drive.

  • Lower Memory Capacity and Speed
    Supports up to 64GB DDR5 at 5200MHz. This limits RAM-heavy workloads like virtualization or large dataset handling.
    The MS-A2 supports up to 96GB DDR5 at 5600MHz, giving it better headroom for demanding memory scenarios.

  • Solid GPU Performance Stability
    The MS-01 performs better under GPU-accelerated tasks due to more mature graphics drivers and better software integration (Quick Sync, Adobe, etc.).
    MS-A2 may suffer compatibility or driver limitations in older applications or video pipelines.

  • Much Higher CPU Performance
    The Ryzen 9 9955HX delivers 16 cores and 32 threads, far exceeding the MS-01’s i9-13900H with 14 cores (6P+8E) and 20 threads. This gives the MS-A2 a major edge in rendering, VMs, and parallel workloads.
    The MS-01 holds its own in lightly threaded or bursty workloads but falls behind in sustained multi-core tasks.

  • Full-Speed NVMe Across All Storage Bays
    All three M.2 slots run at PCIe 4.0 x4 speeds, which is ideal for users building high-speed RAID arrays or multi-disk configurations.
    The MS-01’s mixed PCIe generation slots limit throughput and performance scaling with multiple drives.

  • Higher RAM Capacity and Bandwidth
    The MS-A2 supports up to 96GB DDR5-5600, making it more suitable for VM clusters, code compilation, or large creative project workflows.
    The MS-01 tops out at 64GB DDR5-5200, which may become a limiting factor in future-proofing.

  • Advanced Display Output Support
    The MS-A2 features HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 2.0, allowing up to 8K60 or 4K144Hz. Ideal for users with high-res displays or multi-monitor setups.
    The MS-01 is limited to HDMI 2.0 and DP 1.4a, which caps out at 4K60 in most scenarios.

  • Weaker Integrated GPU (Radeon 610M)
    The 2CU RDNA2 iGPU in the MS-A2 underperforms compared to the Iris Xe in the MS-01 in encoding tasks, graphical acceleration, and some professional media pipelines.
    The MS-01 offers better iGPU performance and is more compatible with widely used software stacks.

  • Higher Price for the Same Chassis
    While offering better specs, the MS-A2 comes at a significantly higher price for a similar form factor and port layout, making it less cost-efficient for users not needing its full capabilities.
    The MS-01 delivers solid value for money and remains a competitive mini workstation despite being a generation older.

  • Improved Thermal Efficiency and Sustained Load Performance
    A redesigned internal cooling layout in the MS-A2 provides better performance consistency under long-term stress compared to the MS-01, which can throttle during extended workloads.
    The MS-01’s cooling is competent but may experience more thermal spikes under 24/7 heavy use.

Check Amazon for the Minisforum MS-A2 ($639-899 ) or MS-01 ($599-879) Below:

Check AliExpress for the Minisforum MS-A2 ($799 ) or MS-01 ($599) Below:

 

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